环氧化物水解酶1基因(EPHXl)多态性与新生儿出生体重间关系分析

为研究母亲环氧化物水解酶1基因(EPHXl)多态性与新生儿出生体重间关系.收集了某纺织厂342名女工的资料,用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性法分析母亲EPHXl基因型,采用多元线性逐步回归模型分析母亲EPHXl多态性与新生儿出生体重关系.结果发现调整主要混杂因素后EPHXl的His139Arg/AG139Arg基因型与新生儿出生体重有显著性相关(β±SE＝-149g±56,P＝0.0083).经被动吸烟分层分析,结果显示仅在有被动吸烟史人群中EPHXl的Hus139Arg/Arg139Arg基因型与新生儿出生体重有显著性相关,(β±SE=-234g±88,P＝0.0088);而根据工作紧张程度分层分析后发现,仅在有工作紧张史人群中发现EPHXI的His139Arg/Arg139Arg基因型与新生儿出生体重有显著性相关(β±SE＝-157g±59,P＝0.0079).我们的结果显示母亲EPHXl多态性与新生儿出生体重有显著性相关,并存在基因-环境的交互作用.     

维生素A缺乏胎鼠作为先天性心脏病动物模型的实验研究

目的　探讨将维生素Ａ缺乏（ＶＡＤ）胎鼠作为先天性心脏病动物模型的可行性。方法取１１－１９ｄ不同胎龄正常及ＶＡＤ胎鼠心脏经石蜡包埋、切片及 ＨＥ染色观察其发育情况。结果 １．实验组饲料含维生素Ａ（ＶＡ）７μｇ／１００ｇ,经ＶＡＤ饮食喂养后实验组大鼠血清ＶＡ水平明显低于对照组［（０．１６８±０．０５９）μｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｖｓ（２．１８±０．２３）μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ｔ＝３２．８８, Ｐ＜０．００１］。 ２．大鼠死亡百分比：饲养于屏障系统的ＶＡＤ大鼠死亡百分比较饲养于开放系统中的要低４．６倍（１０％ Ｖｓ ４５．８３％．ｘ ２＝１６．６４, Ｐ＜０．００１）,对照组为０。 ３．实验组大鼠受孕百分比及每只孕鼠产仔数均低于对照组［５８．３３％ Ｖｓ ８１．５％, ｘ ２＝４．３７,Ｐ＜０．０５：（６．９７±２．７９） Ｖｓ（１３ ±１．０５）,ｔ＝７．１６, Ｐ＜０．００１］。 ４．经切片观察１１～１５ ｄ胎龄胎鼠实验组心脏出现明显发育延迟的占３６．６７％, １６～１９ ｄ胎龄胎鼠实验组心脏畸形占４１．４３％,血管异常占１８．５７％。结论ＶＡＤ胎鼠可用来作为先天性心脏病动物模型,但需改进饲养环境以减少异常死亡。     

Ⅰ型纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂cDNA在P.pastoris酵母菌中的表达和鉴定

将编码３７９个氨基酸残基的ＰＡＩ－１ｃＤＮＡ插入到含ＡＯＸ１启动子和ＰＨＯ１分泌信号肽序列的甲醇营养型酵母载体中,构建成表达质粒ｐＹＩＳ－１．表达质粒转化Ｐ．ｐａｓｔｏｒｉｓ甲醇营养型酵母细胞,筛选Ｈｉｓ＋Ｍｕｔ－表型的转化子,经低密度摇瓶培养,１％甲醇诱导表达７ｄ后,培液经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析,ＰＡＩ－１生物活性测定和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ证实表达出分子量为４３～５１ｋＤ的４条ＰＡＩ－１条带．表达的ＰＡＩ－１能有效地分泌到培液中,占培液总蛋白的２６％左右,达４ｍｇ／Ｌ培液;其比活性为１．１６×１０４ＡＵ／ｍｇ．不同分子量ＰＡＩ－１可能与其糖基化程度不同有关     

承德市油松针叶硫及重金属含量动态及其与大气SO2之间的关系

本文分析了承德市油松（ＰｉｎｕｓｔａｂｕｔａｅｆｏｒｍｉｓＣａｒｒ．）针叶硫和重金属含量变化及其与大气ＳＯ＿２浓度之间的相关性,探讨了油松针叶对大气ＳＯ＿２的生物监测作用,结果认为：植物Ｓ含量生长末期＞休眠期＞生长初期＞生长旺盛期（ｐ＜０．００１）;重金属中Ｐｂ表现为类似的规律,Ｓ和Ｐｂ含量分别从０．７５ｍｇ·ｇ￣（－１）和０．７μｇ·ｇ￣（－１）上升到１．５８ｍｇ·ｇ￣（－１）和２．０μｇ·ｇ￣（－１）。Ｎｉ变化不明显;Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ和Ｆｅ呈下降趋势,但Ｚｎ在休眠期略有回升。Ｍｎ在休眠期最高,但生长期也很高,其余季节相对较低。这种变化特点与大气中ＳＯ＿２和总悬浮颗植物（ＴＳＰ）的变化趋势基本一致;油松针叶Ｓ含量与大气ＳＯ＿２浓度之间具有很显著的相关性,其中火车站监测点生长季节相关公式Ｙ＝－０．０２６３＋０．０９６５Ｘ（ｒ＝０．８９１１,ｐ＜０．００１）;城区Ｙ＝０．０１２６＋０．０６１８Ｘ（ｒ＝０．７８４１,ｐ＜０．０１）。利用后者可对整个承德市区的大气ＳＯ＿２污染状况进行生物监测。     

鸡减蛋综合征病毒（EDSV—76）基因组E1区结构特点分析

ＥＤＳＶ－７６病毒中国株ＡＡ－２经常规方法提取其病毒ＤＮＡ后,建立了限制性内切酶ＰｓｔＩ水解片段的全基因文库。对其中ＰｓｔＩ－Ｇ片段和ＰｓｔＩ－Ａ片段的正反链进行序列测定,获得ＥＤＳＶ Ｅ１区（０－８．８ｍ．ｕ）的核苷酸序列。经分析,ＥＤＳＶ Ｅ１区具有与其他腺病毒Ｅ１区类似的结构。以大于６０个氨基酸残基为标准,ＥＤＳＶ Ｅ１区共有７个开放读码框架（ＯＲＦ）,其中Ｒ１、Ｒ２、ＥｌｂｓＴ和Ｅ１ｂ１Ｔ     

正常足月儿畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAEs)特性分析

研究提出正常足月儿畸变产物耳声发射（ＤＰＯＡＥｓ） 特性分析如下：１ ． ＤＰＯＡＥｓ 反应强度曲线,ＤＰ 图显示两个反应峰（ｆ２ ＝ １ ．６ 和５ ．０ ｋＨｚ） 和一个反应谷（ｆ２ ＝ ３ ．１ ～４ ．０ ｋＨｚ） ;２． ＤＰＯＡＥ 本底噪声及其特性,ｆ２ ＝ １．０ ｋＨｚ 其测试频率点（２ｆ１ －ｆ２） 本底噪声最高（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ,ｆ２ ＝ ３ ．１ ,４．０ 和５ ．０ｋＨｚ ,测试频率点（２ｆ１ －ｆ２） 本底噪声较低（Ｐ＜ ０．０５） ;除ｆ２ ＝ ４．０ ｋＨｚ 外,ＤＰＯＡＥ 本底噪声与其反应强度均未呈现直线相关特性;３ ． ＤＰＯＡＥ ＳＮＲ 特性,ｆ２ ＝ １．０ ｋＨｚ 其ＳＮＲ 最小（Ｐ＝ ０．０００） ,ｆ２ ＝２ ．０ ｋＨｚ 其ＳＮＲ 最大（Ｐ０ ．００３） ;４． ＤＰＯＡＥ ＳＮＲ 和ＴＥＯＡＥ ＳＮＲ 相关特性,除１．０ ｋＨｚ 频段外,其余频段其二者间均有着非常显著的直线相关特性。     

人血管内皮细胞生长因子受体Flt—1胞外区cDNA在毕赤酵母中的？…

将编码血管内皮细胞生长因子受体ＦＩｔ－１胞外区１－３ｌｏｏｐ３１６个氨基酸残基的ｃＤＮＡ插入到含ＡＯＸ１启动子和α分泌信号肽序列的Ｐｉｃｈｉａ ｐａｓｔｏｒｉｓ酵母载体中,构建了重组表达质粒ｐＰＩＣ９Ｋ／ＦＩｔ＝１（１－３）,转化酵母景菌ＧＳ１１５,筛选Ｈｉｓ＾＋Ｍｕｔ＾ｓ表型转化子,经插瓶培养,１％甲醇诱导表达４ｄ后,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ结果显示,培养上清中ＦＩｔ－１（１－３）表达这总蛋白的３０－％     

萝卜抗真菌蛋白1（Rs—AFP1）在大肠杆菌中的融合表达及其对大丽轮 …

利用聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）获得了萝卜（Ｒａｑｈａｎｕｓ ｓａｔｉｖｕｓ Ｌ．）抗真菌蛋白１（Ｒｓ－ＡＦＰ１）基因编码区核苷酸序列。将整个阅读框架片段和云除了Ｎ－端信号肽序列的片段分别装入原核表达载体ｐＥＴ－３２ｇ（＋）中,在大肠杆菌中表达,发现带有信号 的Ｒｓ－ＡＦＰ１不能在大肠杆菌中表达,而当这一序列去除后,表达出约２７ｋＤ的Ｒｓ－ＡＦＰ１的融合蛋白。用凝血酶处理融合蛋白以云除Ｎ－端Ｈｉｓ．ｔ     

从感染TMV的番茄叶纯化胞外β—N—乙酰氨基已糖苷酶

番茄系统感染ＴＭＶ（ｔｏｂａｃｃｏｍｏｓａｉｃｖｉｒｕｓ）诱导叶β－Ｎ－乙酰氨基已糖苷酶活性升高。番茄叶胞外提取液经冰冻干燥浓缩,－２０℃丙酮沉淀、ＣＭ－ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｃＣ－２５离子交的层析,ＰＢＥ９４（ＰｏｌｙｂｕｆｆｅｒＥｘｃｈａｎｇｅｒ９４,Ｓｉｇｍａ）聚焦层析和ＳＥＰＨＡＤＥＸｇ－１５０凝胶层析纯化,获得纯化的β－Ｎ－乙酰氨基乙糖苷酶。凝胶层析测得该酶的分子量为１４５ｋＤ,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ     

大肠杆菌精氨酰－tRNA合成酶的变种ArgRS306KR的纯化和基本性质

本文从含ＡｒｇＲＳ３０６ＫＲ基因ａｒｇｓ３０６ＫＲ的ｐＵＣ１８重组质粒的大肠杆菌ＴＧ１转化子中经ＤＥＡＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｃｅｌ和Ｂｌｕｅ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ两步柱层析,得到电泳一条带的ＡｒｇＲＳ３０６ＫＲ。纯酶的比活为２７９０单位／毫克。该酶氨酰化和ＡＴＰ～ＰＰｉ交换活力的最适ｐＨ分别为ｐＨ８．３和ｐＨ７．５。氨酰化活力对ＡＴＰ、Ａｒｇ和ｔＲＮＡ的Ｋｍ分别为２．６ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ、１４．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ和５．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ：Ｖｍａｘ为７６３０单位／毫克;ｋｏａｔ为９Ｓ－１。ＡＴＰ～ＰＰｉ交换活力对ＡＴＰ和Ａｒｇ的Ｋｍ分别为８．３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ和９９μｍｏｌ／Ｌ;Ｖｍａｘ为１６３２０单位／毫克;ｋｃａｔ为１８Ｓ－１。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

Modulation of allostery of pyruvate kinase by shifting of an ensemble of microstates

Since the introduction of the concepts of allostery about four decades ago, much advancement has been made in elucidating the structure-function correlation in allostery. However, there are still a number of issues that remain unresolved. In this review we used mammalian pyruvate kinase (PK) as a model system to understand the role of protein dynamics in modulating cooperativity. PK has a triosephosphate isomerase (TIM)(α/β)₈ barrel structural motif. PK is an ideal system to address basic questions regarding regulatory mechanisms about this common (α/β)₈ structural motif. The simplest model accounting for all of the solution thermodynamic and kinetic data on ligand-enzyme interactions involves two conformational states, inactive E^T and active E^R. These conformational states are represented by domain movements. Further studies provide the first evidence for a differential effect of ligand binding on the dynamics of the structural elements, not major secondary structural changes. These data are consistent with our model that allosteric regulation of PK is the consequence of perturbation of the distribution of an ensemble of states in which the inactive E^T and active E^R represent the two extreme end states. Sequence differences and ligands can modulate the distribution of states leading to alterations of functions. The future work includes: defining the network of functionally connected residues; elucidating the chemical principles governing the sequence differences which affect functions; and probing the nature of mutations on the stability of the secondary structural elements, which in turn modulate allostery.