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1.
2008年8月和2009年6~7月间对内蒙古自治区达乌尔国际自然保护区的两栖爬行动物进行了考察,共发现8种,隶7属7科,均为古北界区系成分;以花背蟾蜍、黑龙江林蛙、白条锦蛇为优势种.基于草盖度与两栖动物多样性相互关系的监测结果显示,草原退化对两栖动物多样性构成了严重威胁;结合两栖爬行动物的分布格局和生境特点,提出了达乌尔国际自然保护区(中国)的两栖爬行动物重点保护区域和关键生境.  相似文献   

2.
为深入了解大熊猫国家公园长青管理分局辖区两栖爬行动物多样性现状,促进动物多样性管理,于2021年5月、7月和10月开展了调查工作。将调查区划分为5 km×5 km调查样区,每个样区设置调查样线1~3条,样线长500 m~2 km。主要沿溪沟、河流、林地、草地、公路等生境设置,涵盖所有生境类型。调查获得两栖爬行动物标本437号,经形态特征和DNA条形码鉴定37种,并结合文献资料记载14种,共记录两栖爬行动物51种。其中,两栖动物15种,隶属2目8科13属;爬行动物36种,隶属2目6科22属,分别占陕西省两栖爬行动总数的53.6%和63.2%。与合并前的长青、皇冠山、桑园三个保护区综合科学考察结果相比,新增两栖动物5种、爬行动物5种。保护区内东洋界物种具明显优势,占63%,广布种占25%,古北界物种占12%;我国特有种26种,被列入中国脊椎动物红色名录中受威胁等级的有14种。结果显示,长青管理分局辖区的两栖爬行动物具有重要的保护价值,本次调查有助于全面了解大熊猫国家公园长青管理分局辖区两栖爬行动物资源概况,为科学保护和管理提供基础资料。  相似文献   

3.
湖北星斗山国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2002年6~9月对湖北星斗山国家级自然保护区的两栖、爬行动物资源进行了调查,结合文献资料,该保护区现已知有两栖、爬行动物80种,其中两栖动物38种,隶属2目9科22属;爬行动物42种,隶属2目11科31属.国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物大鲵Andrias davidianus、虎纹蛙Hoplobatrachus rugulosus 2种;湖北省重点保护动物35种,占湖北省重点保护两栖爬行动物的75%.被列入<中国濒危动物红皮书>的两栖、爬行动物有21种(极危物种1种,濒危物种6种,易危物种11种,依赖保护物种1种,需予关注物种2种).对两栖爬行动物的种类组成和区系进行了分析,并提出了保护措施.  相似文献   

4.
为了解两栖爬行动物物种组成、区系结构和保护状况等情况,利用样带法和样方法于2018年7和8月对邢台西部太行山区两栖爬行动物资源现状进行了调查,共记录两栖爬行动物2纲2目8科12属18种,其中两栖动物5种,爬行动物13种。该区域两栖爬行动物存在种类和数量相对贫乏,区域优势种明显,分布海拔较高等特点。区系组成以古北种为主。本次记录的18种两栖爬行动物中,河北省重点保护动物8种,"中国脊椎动物红色名录"收录濒危级(EN)1种,易危级(VU)3种,该区域两栖爬行动物具有一定的保护价值。  相似文献   

5.
四川泗耳自然保护区及邻近地区两栖爬行动物初步调查   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
2002年9月4~16日对四川省平武县泗耳自然保护区及邻近地区的两栖爬行动物进行了调查。共发现16种,隶属12属7科。动物地理区系组成分析表明该地以东洋界西南区成分为主,同时周围各动物地理区的某些物种在这里交汇。建议适当扩大该保护区的面积,使其包括一些较低海拔的生境,以利对一些重点保护物种的有效保护。  相似文献   

6.
四川美姑大风顶自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
20 0 2年 8月 1日~ 17日对四川美姑大风顶自然保护区的两栖爬行动物进行了调查。结合前人的工作 ,该保护区共有两栖爬行动物 2 2种 ,其中两栖动物 11种 ,隶属于 9属 7科 2目 ,爬行动物 11种 ,隶属于 9属 4科 2亚目 1目。区系特点为 :(1)物种组成较丰富 ;(2 )都属于东洋界物种 ,没有古北界的成分 ;(3)区系组成较简单 ,以喜马控雅 -横断山区型和南中国型为主 ;(4 )特有种所占比例高。 (5 )既古老又具年轻的特点。美姑县新纪录 6种 ,大凉疣螈为国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物 ,横斑锦蛇为四川省重点保护野生动物。美姑大风顶自然保护区两栖爬行动物物种多样性和生境多样性较高 ,对于生物多样性保护和研究横断山脉两栖爬行动物物种组成及区系特征具有一定意义。  相似文献   

7.
2006年3-9月,对陕西省宁陕县境内的两栖爬行动物进行了专项调查,结果表明,宁陕县共有两栖爬行动物44种(亚种),隶属5目14科31属,其中两栖纲2目7科8属13种,爬行动物3目7科23属31种。其动物区系组成以东洋界成分占优势,分布有国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物1种,陕西省重点保护野生动物6种,宁陕县特有种2种。对两栖爬行动物资源现状进行了评价,并提出了保护建议。  相似文献   

8.
重庆开县两栖爬行动物物种多样性及其保护   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
1999~2002年对开县的两栖爬行动物资源进行了大规模调查,初步发现有两栖类17种,其中有尾目2种。无尾目15种;爬行类23种,其中龟鳖目2种,有鳞目蜥蜴亚目8种、蛇亚目13种(含重庆市蛇类新记录1属1种)。建议加强对该县两栖爬行动物物种多样性及其生境的保护,合理利用两栖爬行动物资源。  相似文献   

9.
为了解广西十万大山国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物的资源现状,2012年4月、2014年5月、2015年7月及2016年5月先后对保护区进行了实地调查。通过对11条样线、1个样点的实际调查,并参考相关文献,共记录两栖爬行动物119种。其中,两栖动物47种,隶属于3目11科31属;爬行动物72种,隶属于2目16科48属。G-F指数计算结果表明,保护区两栖动物和爬行动物的物种多样性均处于较高水平。两栖动物生态类型以流水型、陆栖-静水型最为丰富,静水型、树栖型次之,陆栖-流水型、穴居型最少。保护区内两栖爬行动物区系表现出以华南区为主、华中华南区共存的分布格局;与地理距离相近的其他6个保护区的平均动物区系相似性比较结果表明,保护区与广西南部的弄岗国家级自然保护区的平均动物区系相似性最高,为密切关系;而与越南北部的Tay Yen Tu自然保护区相似性最小,为疏远关系。保护区内有国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物3种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物6种,广西重点保护动物22种;列入中国脊椎动物红色名录极危等级的物种12种,濒危19种,易危20种;CITES附录Ⅰ1种,附录Ⅱ20种,因此该保护区具有极高的保护价值。结合保护区两栖爬行动物的濒危情况和保护现状,提出了合理的、具有针对性的保护建议。  相似文献   

10.
卢建利  吴法清  郑炜 《四川动物》2007,26(2):374-376
2006年9月对湖北咸丰县二仙岩亚高山泥炭藓沼泽湿地的两栖爬行类动物资源进行了调查,并结合历史文献,确认该地区有两栖类18种,分属2目7科13属;爬行类17种,分属2目7科13属。有国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物大鲵。属于湖北省重点保护的有16种。对两栖爬行动物的区系进行了分析,并提出了保护措施。  相似文献   

11.
四川省喇叭河自然保护区的两栖爬行动物初步调查   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
喇叭河自然保护区共有两栖动物2月7科22种,区系组成以东洋界西南区为主;爬行动物1目7科17种,区系组成以东洋界广布种为主。两栖爬行动物是保护区内的重要资源。喇叭河自然保护区是保护横断山东缘物种多样性的关键地区之一。  相似文献   

12.
Invasive mammals in Cuba have a negative impact on the conservation of endemic fauna. Rats, mice, mongooses, cats, dogs, among others, pose a threat to the conservation of the Cuban solenodon, the capromyid rodents, and many species of birds, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates. The current state of introduced and invasive mammal species in Cuba, their impact, available information about their introduction, habits, field observations, distribution, etc., is reviewed. A total of 29 species of invasive mammals in 40 islands of the Cuban Archipelago are reported; the black rat, dog, cat, mouse, mongoose, pig, goat, brown rat, and cattle are the most important. A control policy on invasive species of mammals is urgently needed for the conservation of the fauna of the Cuban Archipelago.  相似文献   

13.
As well as being one of the most densely populated areas on Earth, Hong Kong also has the highest percentage of protected areas (38% of the 1098 km2 land area) of any administrative region in the Asia Pacific. Overlay of field records from a biodiversity survey of eight taxa (amphibians, reptiles, mammals, breeding birds, ants, butterflies, dragonflies and rare vascular plants) in 1 km grid squares with protected areas indicated that over half of the 623 species of conservation concern (globally, regionally, or locally restricted species) were under-represented. Ants, butterflies and reptiles were most poorly represented. The hotspots of different taxa also received differing levels of protection. Hong Kong's protected areas are biased towards high-altitude habitats, so the under-represented species are mostly associated with the lowland habitats (freshwater wetlands, abandoned agriculture and feng shui woods). Since the restricted species are scattered and the hotspots of different taxa do not overlap, a large protected area network will be required to represent all species. This indicates the challenge that will be encountered in the conservation of many other parts of Asia that support burgeoning human populations, and where landscapes are increasingly human-dominated.  相似文献   

14.
The integration of spatial area prioritization algorithms and species distribution modelling has shown great promise in conservation planning in recent years. However, despite the fact that reptiles and amphibians have the highest threat status of all terrestrial vertebrates, these species are often under-represented in conservation planning. The Kingdom of Morocco possesses the richest and most varied herpetofauna in the Maghreb and the western Mediterranean, and is characterized by high species richness, endemism and number of European relict species. Despite the fact that Moroccan reptiles and amphibians have been the subject of numerous studies by a large number of international herpetologists since the beginning of the 20th century, few or none of these concerned their conservation. This study had three main objectives: (1) to identify those areas that harbour the highest species richness; (2) to evaluate the existing and proposed future ‘important biological and ecological sites’ (SIBES) conservation area network (CAN) with respect to their ability to protect the herpetofauna adequately; and (3) to identify priority areas into which the existing protected areas can be augmented. We used maximum-entropy species distribution modelling to run distribution models for 11 amphibian and 86 reptile species (27.6% endemics and 12.4% threatened) for which we had 2,170 single geographic records. A total of 97 models were used to create a richness map of the Moroccan herpetofauna and thereby detect both areas of high species richness and the distribution patterns of individual species. This map was subsequently used as a basis for performance evaluation of the CAN and area prioritization using the ConsNet conservation planning software initialized by “Rarity” first, while using representation targets of 5% and 10%. Additionally, the proposed future Moroccan CAN (SIBES) was evaluated in terms of its overlay and proximity with ConsNet solutions using visual interpretation and distance measurements in a GIS. Our results show that Moroccan herpetofauna is poorly protected under the existing and future CAN. Prioritization of areas shows that a major increase in conservation area is required to guarantee the persistence of individual herpetofauna species even with a global minimum representation target of only 10%. An increase of the existing CAN is especially needed along parts of the Atlantic coast, in the north-western Mediterranean region, on the north-eastern Moroccan coast, as well as in several areas in the Sahara, notably vast proportions of the Vallée du Haut and Bas Draa.  相似文献   

15.
Feral cats have been directly responsible for the extinction of numerous species on islands worldwide, including endemic species of mammals, birds and reptiles. The diet of feral cats in the main habitats of the Canary Islands, as generally occurred on oceanic islands, is mainly composed of introduced mammals, and native species of birds, reptiles and insects. The impact of feral cat upon the endangered species was assessed by evaluating their relative abundance in the cats’ diet and by considering their current conservation status. A total of 68 different preys were identified at species level in all studies carried out in the Canary Islands (5 mammals, 16 birds, 15 reptiles and 32 invertebrates). From all the species preyed by feral cats in the Canary Islands, only four of them are considered threatened by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: one endemic bird Saxicola dacotiae and three endemic giant lizards, Gallotia simonyi, Gallotia intermedia, and Gallotia gomerana. Although some efforts on management control have been carried out, it is necessary to enforce these conservation activities on those areas of Tenerife, La Gomera and El Hierro where giant lizards are still present. Furthermore some local areas where endangered bird species are highly predated should be protected. Nevertheless, it is important to take into account the presence of other introduced species such as rats, mice or rabbits in order to avoid problems derived from the hyperpredation process and mesopredator release effect.  相似文献   

16.
ABSTRACT: The variety of interactions between human cultures and herpetofauna is the subject matter of Ethnoherpetology, a subdivision of Ethnozoology. In the semi-arid region of Brazil, many reptiles interact with human communities because of their utility or because of the risks they represent. These interactions have obvious implications for the conservation of reptiles from this region.In this context, ethnoherpetology studies are crucial because they serve as subsidies for guiding strategies for the handling and conservation of reptiles. This paper presents ethnozoological and taxonomic informations of hunted reptiles in the semiarid region of Brazil and analyse the implications on conservation that are related to the interactions between people and reptiles in this region. Taxonomic keys to identifying recorded reptiles are provided. Records of humans interacting with 38 reptile species that belong to 31 genuses and 16 families have been found. The groups with the largest numbers of recorded species were snakes (18 species), and this group was followed in number by lizards (13), chelonians (4), and crocodilians (3). The reptiles that were recorded may be used for the following purposes: medicinal purposes (24 species), food (13 species), ornamental or decorative purposes (11 species), in magical/religious practices (10 species), and as pets (10 species). Some species (n = 16) may have multiple uses. Furthermore, more than half of the species (n = 19) are commonly killed because they are considered potentially dangerous. Strategies for conserving the reptiles of the Brazilian semi-arid region must reconcile and integrate human and conservation needs.  相似文献   

17.
《PloS one》2014,9(8)

Background

An understanding of the conservation status of Madagascar''s endemic reptile species is needed to underpin conservation planning and priority setting in this global biodiversity hotspot, and to complement existing information on the island''s mammals, birds and amphibians. We report here on the first systematic assessment of the extinction risk of endemic and native non-marine Malagasy snakes, lizards, turtles and tortoises.

Methodology/Principal Findings

Species range maps from The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species were analysed to determine patterns in the distribution of threatened reptile species. These data, in addition to information on threats, were used to identify priority areas and actions for conservation. Thirty-nine percent of the data-sufficient Malagasy reptiles in our analyses are threatened with extinction. Areas in the north, west and south-east were identified as having more threatened species than expected and are therefore conservation priorities. Habitat degradation caused by wood harvesting and non-timber crops was the most pervasive threat. The direct removal of reptiles for international trade and human consumption threatened relatively few species, but were the primary threats for tortoises. Nine threatened reptile species are endemic to recently created protected areas.

Conclusions/Significance

With a few alarming exceptions, the threatened endemic reptiles of Madagascar occur within the national network of protected areas, including some taxa that are only found in new protected areas. Threats to these species, however, operate inside and outside protected area boundaries. This analysis has identified priority sites for reptile conservation and completes the conservation assessment of terrestrial vertebrates in Madagascar which will facilitate conservation planning, monitoring and wise-decision making. In sharp contrast with the amphibians, there is significant reptile diversity and regional endemism in the southern and western regions of Madagascar and this study highlights the importance of these arid regions to conserving the island''s biodiversity.  相似文献   

18.
We studied the non-marine reptile and amphibian species of the volcanic Comoro archipelago in the Western Indian Ocean, a poorly known island herpetofauna comprising numerous microendemic species of potentially high extinction risk and widespread, non-endemic and often invasive taxa. According to our data, the Comoro islands are inhabited by two amphibian species and at least 28 species of reptiles although ongoing genetic studies and unconfirmed historical records suggest an even higher species diversity. 14 of the 28 currently recognized species of terrestrial reptiles (50%) and the two amphibians are endemic to a single island or to the Comoro archipelago. The majority of species are most abundant at low elevation. However, a few endemic species, like the gekkonid lizards Paroedura sanctijohannis and Phelsuma nigristriata, are more common in or even confined to higher altitudes. We created habitat maps from remotely sensed data in combination with detailed species distribution maps produced using comprehensive data from field surveys between 2000 and 2010, literature, and historical locality records based on specimens in zoological collections. Using these data, we assessed the conservation status of the endemic terrestrial reptiles and amphibians according to the IUCN Red List criteria. Our results show that although little area of natural forest remains on the Comoros, many species are abundant in degraded forest or plantations. Competition and predation by invasive species appears to be the most important threat factor for the endemic herpetofauna, together with habitat degradation and destruction, which further favours invasive species. We propose the status Endangered for three species, Vulnerable for one species, Near Threatened for six species, Least Concern for four and Data Deficient for two species. The endemic subspecies Oplurus cuvieri comorensis is proposed for the status Critically Endangered. Based on the results of this study, seven areas of importance for reptile and amphibian conservation on the Comoros are identified. This study shows how remote sensing data can contribute to increasing accuracy and objectiveness of conservation assessments.  相似文献   

19.
We compile a Mexican insular herpetofaunal checklist to estimate endemism, conservation status, island threats, net taxonomic turnover among six biogeographic provinces belonging to the Nearctic and Neotropical regions, and the relationships between island area and mainland distance versus species richness. We compile a checklist of insular herpetofaunal through performing a literature and collection review. We define the conservation status according to conservation Mexican law, the Red List of International Union for Conservation of Nature, and Environmental Vulnerability Scores. We determine threat percentages on islands according to the 11 major classes of threats to biodiversity. We estimate the net taxonomic turnover with beta diversity analysis between the Nearctic and Neotropical provinces. The Mexican insular herpetofauna is composed of 18 amphibian species, 204 species with 101 subspecies of reptiles, and 263 taxa in total. Endemism levels are 11.76% in amphibians, 53.57% in reptiles, and 27.91% being insular endemic taxa. Two conservation status systems classify the species at high extinction risk, while the remaining system suggests less concern. However, all systems indicate species lacking assessment. Human activities and exotic alien species are present on 60% of 131 islands. The taxonomic turnover value is high (0.89), with a clear herpetofaunal differentiation between the two biogeographic regions. The species–area and species–mainland distance relationships are positive. Insular herpetofauna faces a high percentage of threats, with the Neotropical provinces more heavily impacted. It is urgent to explore the remaining islands (3,079 islands) and better incorporate insular populations and species in ecological, evolutionary, and systematic studies. In the face of the biodiversity crisis, islands will play a leading role as a model to apply restoration and conservation strategies.  相似文献   

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