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1.
对林龄为25 a的南酸枣[Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb. ) Burtt et Hill]纯林、南酸枣-马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb. )混交林和南酸枣-杉木[Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb. ) Hook. ]混交林中南酸枣木材的解剖特性进行了比较分析.测定结果表明,在25 a的树龄内,南酸枣-马尾松混交林、南酸枣-杉木混交林和南酸枣纯林中南酸枣木材纤维的长度分别为0.843~1.401、0.858~1.489和0.873~1.347 mm,宽度分别为19.28~23.58、19.34~22.34和19.76~25.26 μm,长宽比分别为39.70~62.04、39.20~63.96和40.60~59.34;随树龄的增加,纯林和混交林中南酸枣木材纤维的长度、宽度及长宽比均逐渐增加,且不同林分间的差异逐渐达到显著水平,并以南酸枣-杉木混交林中南酸枣木材纤维的长度和长宽比最大、宽度最小.3种林分中南酸枣木材的导管组织比量、纤维组织比量和木射线组织比量分别为16.1%~16.7%、64.7%~65.2%和12.9%~13.4%,以南酸枣-杉木混交林中南酸枣木材导管组织比量和纤维组织比量最大,但差异均不显著;仅纯林的木材轴向薄壁组织比量(5.8%)显著高于混交林(5.1%和5.2%).随树龄的增加,3种林分中南酸枣木材微纤丝角均逐渐减小,南酸枣-马尾松混交林、南酸枣-杉木混交林和南酸枣纯林中南酸枣木材微纤丝角分别为23.33°~16.82°、 23.20°~16.36°和23.34°~17.41°, 且仅在树龄16~25 a阶段,混交林中的南酸枣木材微纤丝角显著小于纯林, 其中又以南酸枣-杉木混交林中的南酸枣木材微纤丝角最小.研究结果显示,南酸枣-杉木混交林中南酸枣木材的解剖特性总体上最优,在南酸枣木材品质定向培育过程中宜选择杉木作为伴生树种.  相似文献   

2.
关于野生酸枣的利用情况   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
近年来,在各级党政的正确领导下,为完成83年杭州召开的全国野生植物综合利用工作年会上布置的任务,我们邢台地区为充分发挥当地野生植物资源的优势,对太行山区的野生植物进行了普查。在普查的基础上,重点考察了酸枣的资源情况。我区有四个县地处太行山区,山上的酸枣产量每年约700万斤。历年来,酸枣仁药用,酸枣面供应市场或喂猪(现因酸枣面含杂质多,不符合卫生法,故不许供应市场),利用价值很低。为发挥酸枣面的作用,提高经济价值和满足市场对饮料的需求,我们把酸枣面通过蒸煮、过滤、加糖、消毒等精制成“酸枣露”。在当地政府等有关部门的协助下,建成一座年产1,000万斤酸枣露的加工厂,  相似文献   

3.
酸枣(Zizyphus spinosus Hu.)又名棘、棘子、野枣、山枣、葛针等,是我国原特产野生果树,已有1200万年以上的历史。由于种种原因,酸枣一直未能受到应有重视,而酸枣确全身是宝,很有开发利用价值。本文拟就酸枣的化学成分和用途等加以介绍,并提出其开发利用意见。  相似文献   

4.
黄河三角洲贝壳堤岛3种灌木光合生理特征研究   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
以黄河三角洲贝壳堤岛5年生的酸枣、杠柳及柽柳为材料,采用CIRAS-2型光合测定系统测定它们叶片的光合、蒸腾、水分利用效率等生理参数及其光响应过程,探讨3种灌木在当地自然生境下的光合生理特征.结果表明:柽柳和酸枣的光响应曲线符合非直角双曲线模型(R2>0.98),杠柳光响应曲线符合二次多项式模型(R2=0.95); 3种灌木的净光合速率、表观量子效率、暗呼吸速率、羧化效率、光饱和点、蒸腾速率及水分利用效率在树种间差异显著(P<0.05);酸枣的净光合速率分别是柽柳和杠柳的1.30和1.23倍,柽柳和酸枣弱光下羧化效率要高于杠柳,柽柳暗呼吸速率最大且生理活性最高; 3种灌木的蒸腾耗水能力表现为柽柳>酸枣>杠柳,且在高光强下均具有通过降低蒸腾作用来提高水分利用效率的生理特性,杠柳的水分利用效率分别是酸枣、柽柳的1.26和1.71倍;3种灌木具有较强的向阳喜光特性,但酸枣对弱光的利用能力要好于杠柳和柽柳.研究发现,3种灌木在贝壳堤岛相同自然生境下表现出不同的光合行为, 而酸枣和杠柳具有高光合、低蒸腾及高水分利用效率的生理特性,酸枣具有较宽的光照生态幅,它们适宜于该区域大面积人工栽植.  相似文献   

5.
酸枣果肉内中氨基酸分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文对酸枣果肉中氨基酸进行了分析。分析结果证明,酸枣果肉中含有17种氨基酸,其中7种是必需氨基酸,这些氨基酸对人体健康具有重要的生理意义。  相似文献   

6.
表型变异是植物应对环境变化的一种策略。酸枣植物从中国东部沿海到内陆腹地均有分布,其表型性状的变异可能解释其对自然干旱梯度的适应机制。为验证这一假说,以烟台、石家庄、银川、吐鲁番4个自然干旱梯度生境中生长的酸枣三年生植株的12个表型性状为调查研究对象,采用变异系数和巢式方差分析对酸枣的表型变异进行分析。结果表明:(1)从烟台到银川,叶面积、叶长、叶周长和叶柄长总体呈减小的趋势,而比叶面积呈增大的趋势;(2)随着干旱程度的增强,二次枝的长度、二次枝的基部粗、二次枝的枣吊数、茎比密度和茎水分含量均呈减小趋势,并且种子重和种子短轴长也均呈减小的趋势;(3)对沿干旱梯度分布的4个酸枣种群而言,叶性状的平均变异系数(33.70%)枝性状的平均变异系数(32.41%)种子性状的平均变异系数(9.07%),并且酸枣性状间存在很强的协变。结果表明酸枣的地上部分形态性状沿干旱梯度表现出很强的变异,推测在未来的气候变化下,酸枣将通过这种表型变异的有效组合来适应环境变化。  相似文献   

7.
在中国北方山区,农历八、九月份,正是酸枣成熟的季节,一丛丛、一片片的酸枣棵子上,缀满了颗颗似珍珠、粒粒如玛瑙的酸枣,红绿相间,明丽悦目。摘上几颗红彤彤、熟透了的酸枣,吃到嘴里,又酸又甜,津液顿生。特别是孩子们,兜里总是装得满满的,边吃边玩,别有一番乐趣。酸枣又名山枣、野枣,系鼠李科落叶灌木。野生于内蒙古、辽宁、河北、山西、河南、山东、陕西、甘肃、宁夏、新疆及江苏、安徽、湖北、四川等省区,性耐干旱,生命力强,资源丰富,如山东省沂蒙山区每年可收摘酸枣约500万公斤。酸枣虽小营养高酸枣属核果,近球形,圆…  相似文献   

8.
酸枣根系空间分布特征对自然干旱梯度生境的适应   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
朱广龙  邓荣华  魏学智 《生态学报》2016,36(6):1539-1546
以烟台、石家庄、银川和吐鲁番四个地区自然干旱梯度条件下生长的酸枣植株为试验材料,对酸枣根系的次生木质部导管及不同径级根系的分布特征进行研究。结果表明:从烟台到吐鲁番,酸枣根次生木质部中导管数量逐渐增多,管径依次增大。酸枣细根(d≤2 mm)长度远远大于其它径级根系的长度。随着干旱程度的增加,垂直方向上,细根出现在较深的土层,水平方向上,酸枣根幅扩大到560 cm,在末端或者接近末端的地方出现较多的细根分支。随着干旱程度的增加,5 mmd10 mm的根系长度在总根长中所占的比例逐渐增大,其可能为干旱生境中植株根系获取水分和养分的主要部位。不同生境中酸枣根系空间分布特征的变化是其长期生存于梯度干旱环境的适应特征。  相似文献   

9.
梁静  魏学智 《植物研究》2010,30(5):549-555
酸枣(Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa)分布广、适应性强、极耐旱,是研究植物响应干旱气候的优良试验材料。通过覆膜技术控制酸枣根系附近土壤水分含量,研究了不同土壤水分条件对酸枣叶片组织含水量、叶绿素含量、丙二醛、可溶性糖含量等生理生化指标的影响,以期探明酸枣适应干旱的生理机制。结果显示:随着土壤含水量的降低,处理组酸枣叶片的相对含水量与绝对含水量均降低,但都保持在较高水平,与对照相比,差异显著(p<0.05);自然饱和亏呈下降趋势且维持在较低水平,较对照差异均显著(p<0.05);随着土壤水分的减少,处理组酸枣叶片较对照组组织水势和渗透势减小(p<0.05),较对照差异显著(p<0.05),吸水能力提高;处理组酸枣叶片的叶绿体色素含量随土壤干旱程度的加深,均表现为低于对照且逐渐减少(p<0.05);随着处理时间的延长,处理组与对照组相比,电导率随之增大,MDA含量也随之升高,质膜受到损伤;处理组酸枣叶片中渗透调节物质可溶性糖含量和游离脯氨酸含量均有不同程度的增加,平均增幅为1.29、1.5倍。结果表明,酸枣叶片在不同的土壤水分条件下,具有积极的生理响应方式,适应性强,具有较强的抗旱耐旱能力。  相似文献   

10.
酸枣直播建园是利用酸枣种仁当年播种,第二年嫁接的一种新型建园方式。  相似文献   

11.
应用石蜡切片法、荧光显微镜和紫外分光光度法,对不同年生巴戟天根组织结构的变化进行了观察、对蒽醌类化合物在根中的分布场所及其积累动态进行了研究。结果表明:巴戟天根的结构类似一般多年生草本植物,薄壁细胞是巴戟天根中蒽醌类化合物的分布储存场所,蒽醌类化合物含量随着根生长年限的增加而增加。由以上研究总结出巴戟天以四年或四年以上采收为好,并以根皮厚、木心细者为上品。  相似文献   

12.
13.
This paper covers major events of the early history of chlorophyll research in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union from 1771 until 1952, when the modern period of studies on photosynthesis began in full swing. Short biographical sketches of key scientists, reviews of their major research contributions and some selected photographs are included. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

14.
The effects of adding lysine, arginine and ammonia to gluten on the self-selection of protein and energy by the weanling rat simultaneously offered a choice of two diets differing only in gluten concentration (15 and 55%) were tested. Previous studies have shown that while lysine (6 g/100 g) additions to gluten decreased the amount of gluten selected by the rat from 40 to 20 g per 100 g of food eaten, selection was not related to the nutritional quality of the gluten. When graded levels of arginine (1.8, 3.6 or 7.2 g/100 g) were added to the gluten with or without lysine (0 or 6 g/100 g) the dietary protein selection was unaffected. The addition of ammonia (1.4 g/100 g as NH4Cl) to gluten had initially the same effect as lysine (6 g/100 g) but with time protein intake returned to control levels. This effect of ammonia was unaltered by arginine additions. It is concluded that the mechanisms which lead to decreases in gluten selection caused by lysine or ammonia are not similar, and that the effects of lysine on gluten selection are not caused by an increased arginine requirement for urea cycle activity.  相似文献   

15.
ABSTRACT. A unique group of entodiniomorph protozoa was found in forestomach contents from quokka ( Setonix brachyurus ), western grey kangaroo ( Macropus fuliginosus ), red kangaroo ( Macropus rufus ) and euro ( Macropus robustus erubescens ). A new genus, Macropodinium n.g., containing five new species, is described. Three species are described from forestomach contents of the quokka: Macropodinium baldense n. sp., Macropodinium moiri n. sp. and Macropodinium setonixum n. sp. A single species, Macropodinium ennuensis n. sp., is described from the red kangaroo and euro. The last species, Macropodinium yalanbense n. sp., is described in forestomach contents from the western grey kangaroo. At least three distinct features in the new genus are incompatible with any of the described families in the order Entodiniomorphida. On this basis, the new family Macropodiniidae has been created.  相似文献   

16.
Two trials were conducted to study the effects of intrauterine infusions of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) on luteal function in nonpregnant gilts. Cannulae were surgically implanted on day 9 postestrus into the lumen of each horn with a cephalic vein cannula inserted for collection of peripheral blood. Intrauterine infusions of 0, 25, 75 or 200 mug of PGE(2) were initiated at 0900 h on day 12 and administered thereafter every 12 hr until estrus or day 22 in the first trial. The second trial protocol included an increase in the dose of PGE(2) administered as well as the frequency of infusion. Infusion of 0, 200, 300 or 400 mug PGE(2) was begun at 0300 h on day 12 and continued every 6 hr until estrus or day 22. Cephalic plasma samples for progesterone analysis were collected every six hours from 0300 h on day 11 to 2100 h on day 26 in both trials. In Trial 1 mean plasma progesterone concentrations for all treatments were not different (P>0.05) from the controls on any given day of the estrous cycle. Interestrous interval was unaffected by intrauterine infusion of PGE(2). The mean plasma progesterone concentrations for all treatments were not different (P>0.05) from the controls on days 11-18 of the estrous cycle in Trial 2. However, plasma progesterone concentrations for the 200-mug and 300-mug PGE(2) groups appeared to be greater than the controls on days 14 and 15, indicating a possible delay in the decline of progesterone for these groups. The mean plasma progesterone concentrations for the treatment groups were lower (P<0.05) than the controls on days 20-26 of the cycle. treatment cycle length did not differ (P>0.05) from previous cycle length; thus treatment with PGE(2) had no effect on interestrous interval. PGE(2) may have retarded the decline of progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum in some cases, but at these dosages and frequencies of administration PGE(2) was ineffective in prolonging luteal maintenance.  相似文献   

17.
刺叶柄棘豆的一个新变型--白花刺叶柄棘豆   总被引:5,自引:5,他引:0  
描述了棘豆属(豆科)刺叶柄棘豆(Oxytropis acipblla Ledeb.)的一个新变型:白花刺叶柄棘豆O.aciphylla Ledeb.f.albiflora Z.Y.Chang,Z.H.Wu et L.R.Xu。原变型的花冠为红紫色或蓝紫色,而新变型的花冠为白色。  相似文献   

18.
Fibre type X-ray diffraction patterns have been obtained from oriented, semicrystalline films prepared from the sodium salt form of the bacterial capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K9. The molecule has a pentasaccharide repeating sequence, with four neutral residues in the backbone and a glucoronic acid side chain. A novel feature of the molecule is the incorporation of α-l-rhamnose residues, one 1,2 linked and two 1,3 linked in the backbone. Analysis of the X-ray diffraction results indicate an extended three-fold helical conformation with an axially projected chemical repeat of 1.377 nm. Both left and right handed helices have been examined using linked atom least squares techniques to optimize the stereochemistry while simultaneously meeting the observed helical parameters.  相似文献   

19.
The incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA due to unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) induced by N-OH-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-OH-AAF), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and ultra-violet light was quantitated by autoradiography and by scintillation spectrometry on acid precipitable macromolecules or DNA insolated by isopycnic banding in cesium chloride (CsCl). Dose-dependent increases in UDS due to N-OH-AAF and AFB1 treatment were found. Only 2-fold increases at the highest dose levels were found, however, when incorporated [3H]thymidine was quantitated by scintillation spectrometry. Seven, 11, and 25-fold increases in UDS induced by AFB1, N-OH-AAF and ultra-violet light, respectively, were found when incorporated [3H]thymidine was quantitated by autoradiography, indicating a high sensitivity for detecting ‘long patch’ repair by this technique. Scintillation spectrometry was completely ineffective in detecting EMS-induced UDS, whereas autoradiography demonstrated a small, but significant induction in [3H]thymidine incorporation at high dose levels. The non-proliferative nature of the primary hepatocyte prohibits the uniform radioactive prelabeling of DNA, necessary in other techniques, for the detection of ‘short patch’ repair induced by compounds such as EMS. Therefore, the sensitivity of the primary cultured rat hepatocyte in conjunction with UDS for detecting DNA damage caused by mutagens and carcinogens which induce ‘short patch’ repair may be limited to the autoradiographic analysis of the unscheduled incorporation of [3H]thymidine.  相似文献   

20.
Lymph borne immunoblasts were obtained by collecting thoracic duct lymph from inbred rats 3–5 days after either killed C. parvum, B. abortus or B.C.G. organisms had been injected subcutaneously into the hindquarter regions to stimulate the caudal lymph nodes. By incubating the lymph cells with a radioactive precursor of DNA, 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine-125I, the immunoblasts became labelled but the small lymphocytes did not. The labelled cells were washed and injected intravenously into syngeneic recipients which had had intradermal injections of various antigens at various previous times. The entry of labelled cells into these injection sites was monitored by counting the radioactivity that they contained up to 24 hr later.It was found that the accumulation of radioactivity in the skin lesions was maximal 12 hr after the donor cells had been injected, but the immunological specificity of the donor immunoblasts did not affect significantly the extent to which they entered lesions which contained the same or unrelated antigens. It was found also that the sites of intradermal injections of B.C.G. or C. parvum always attracted more immunoblasts than sites containing other antigens; this was a non-specific effect, thought to be related to the adjuvant properties of these organisms.  相似文献   

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