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1.
胚胎及生后不同发育时期大鼠睾丸生殖细胞的凋亡   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探索雄性生殖细胞在发育过程中凋亡的特征和规律。方法 利用改进的石蜡切片原位末端标记法(TUNEL法)观察SD大鼠睾丸生殖细胞,对胚胎及生后不同阶段生殖细胞凋亡进行研究。结果 胚胎第13.5天原始生殖细胞即有较高的凋亡率,胚胎第19.5天到出生后第1天,未检测到凋亡生殖细胞,出生后第7天精原细胞分裂增生,伴有较高的凋亡率,与其他各年龄组有显著性差异。出生后第14天精母细胞凋亡率最高,与其他日龄组有显著性差异。结论 SD大鼠雄性生殖细胞发生,发育,成熟过程中都存在凋亡,主要发生在处于细胞增殖过程中的原始生殖细胞,精原细胞和初级精母细胞。  相似文献   

2.
探讨了P16蛋白和生精细胞凋亡在热压和11酸睾酮诱导恒河猴无精子症和少精子症中作用间的关系。3′末端标记分析(TUNEL)结果显示热应激和超生理剂量睾酮能够诱导生精细胞出现凋亡信号,它分别于处理后第5天和第30天达到最强,免疫组化结果显示,热压或TU主要诱导精原细胞和其它生精细胞以及Sertoli细胞P16的表达。P16蛋白的表达在生精细胞凋亡晚期,即隐睾手术第10天或注射TU第60天后迅速升高并维持在热压或11酸睾酮诱导的早期精母细胞和精子细胞的凋亡和在晚期对精原细胞有丝分裂的抑制,二者共同作用导致热压或TU诱导的恒河猴无精子症和少精子症。  相似文献   

3.
目的阐明性成熟前食蟹猴生精细胞的发育进程。方法分别采集性成熟前不同年龄(0岁、0.5岁、1岁、1.5岁、2岁、2.5岁、3岁、3.5岁、4岁)食蟹猴睾丸,制作石蜡切片,进行HE染色和PAS/H染色。根据生精细胞的染色特性,分析性成熟前食蟹猴生精细胞的发育进程,并对食蟹猴精原干细胞进行初步鉴定。结果 HE染色结果显示,1岁及以下食蟹猴生精上皮上生精细胞仅有精原干细胞(包括Ad、At及Ap型精原细胞),1.5岁食蟹猴生精上皮上开始出现B型精原细胞,3岁食蟹猴生精上皮上出现精母细胞,4岁食蟹猴生精上皮上出现从精原干细胞到精子的所有生殖细胞。PAS/H染色结果显示,1~2.5岁食蟹猴Ad型精原细胞胞质呈PAS阳性,At型精原细胞胞质呈PAS弱阳性,Ap型精原细胞胞质呈PAS阴性;其他生精细胞及支持细胞胞质呈阴性;0.5岁及以下,3岁及以上食蟹猴生精细胞的胞质PAS/H染色特性与前者存在差异。结论本文详细阐述了性成熟前食蟹猴生精细胞随年龄增长的渐次性发育模式,并建立了性成熟前食蟹猴精原干细胞原位鉴定的一种新方法,这些研究结果为食蟹猴精原干细胞的其他相关研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

4.
体细胞来源及培养代数对核移植重构胚发育的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为探讨体细胞来源及培养代数对核移植重构胚发育的影响,实验采用电融合法将小鼠2—细胞胚胎卵裂球、胚胎干细胞(ES)、胎儿成纤维细胞、耳成纤维细胞、尾尖成纤维细胞、睾丸支持细胞和精原细胞以及不同培养代次的胎儿成纤维细胞进行了核移植。结果显示:2—细胞胚胎卵裂球供核重构胚发育最好,囊胚率为7.4%;ES细胞重构胚虽然发育率低,但仍有囊胚出现,比例为0.7%;胎儿成纤维细胞重构胚最高发育阶段为桑椹胚,比例为0.2%;精原细胞重构胚只能发育到8-细胞阶段,比例为0.3%;其他几类细胞重构胚则仅能发育至4-细胞阶段。不同培养代数的胎儿成纤维细胞重构胚除第3代外都可发育到8-细胞阶段,且发育率差异不显著,但第一代细胞重构胚2-细胞发育率(40.7%)显著低于2、3和4代细胞重构胚。结果表明:不同分化程度的细胞核移植后,重新编程的难易程度是不一样的,分化程度越高则重新编程越难;未调整细胞周期的ES细胞由于多数处于S期,所以重构胚发育率很低;体外培养传代有利于体细胞核移植后重新编程。  相似文献   

5.
为了探讨HSF2 mRNA在热应激和超生理剂量睾酮诱导恒河猴生精细胞凋亡中的表达变化,我们建立了手术诱导单侧隐睾和注射大剂量11酸睾酮(TU)恒河猴动物模型,应用3′末端标记分析(TUNEL)和原位杂交方法,检测睾丸细胞的凋亡信号和HSF2的表达变化。TUNEL结果显示热应激和超生理剂量睾酮能够诱导生精细胞出现凋亡信号,它分别于处理后第5天和第30天达到最强,表明热应激和睾酮干扰精子发生可能是通过生精细胞凋亡的方式来实现的。HSF2 mRNA水平在生精细胞凋亡早期(凋亡信号达到最强以前)略有降低,而在凋亡高峰期之后其表达急剧下降。Hsf2基因与我们以前研究的Hsp70-2基因的表达具有时间上的相关性,表明HSF2蛋白可能调控Hsp70-2基因的表达,而且HSF2可能通过多种方式影响精子的发生以及抑制生精细胞的凋亡。  相似文献   

6.
W-3Bao是本研究组通过诱变获得、Kit无义突变的白斑小鼠。突变基因杂合子小鼠腹部、四肢肢端及尾尖白化,其部分精曲小管内无精原细胞。突变纯合子小鼠在胚胎后期色泽苍白、个体矮小,于出生前后死亡;血液学检查发现纯合子小鼠血色素极低且红细胞变大;18.5天胚胎的连续切片可见精曲小管轮廓欠清晰,精原细胞分散分布于睾丸间质,未迁入精曲小管;卵巢结构紊乱,无明显的原始卵泡结构;骨髓等器官组织未见显著异常。结论:Kit无义突变不仅导致了W-3Bao杂合子小鼠白斑形成及纯合子小鼠贫血死亡,同时影响生殖腺发育。  相似文献   

7.
王晓云  张健  李健  段相林 《动物学报》2003,49(4):481-487
应用免疫细胞化学及图像分析等方法,对出生到生后25月龄各发育阶段SD大鼠睾丸内雄激素受体(AR)的表达变化进行了系统的研究。发现(1)睾丸间质细胞:从出生到生后3周龄,AR阳性表达强度较弱;到生后1月龄,AR阳性表达强度显著增强,并达到峰值;在生后2月龄,AR阳性表达强度显著减弱,此后AR阳性表达又呈增强趋势。(2)肌样细胞:从出生到生后2周龄,AR阳性表达强度较弱;到生后3周龄,AR阳性表达强度显著增强,并一直维持到生后2月龄;从生后3月龄,AR阳性表达强度呈减弱趋势,到生后25月龄达到最低水平。(3)血管内皮细胞:从生后3周龄到生后2月龄AR阳性表达较强;生后3月龄,AR阳性表达强度明显减弱;生后25月龄,AR阳性表达强度与生后3月龄相比变化不明显。(4)支持细胞:在生后1月龄出现AR阳性表达,到性成熟后,支持细胞AR阳性表达随生精周期变化而变化,在生后25月龄未见AR阳性表达的支持细胞。(5)生精细胞:出生组,前精原细胞内有AR阳性表达;生后2周龄,精子细胞开始出现AR阳性表达;生后1月龄,精原细胞开始出现AR阳性表达;生后2月龄出现阳性表达的精子,生后25月龄未见阳性表达的生精细胞。  相似文献   

8.
胃蛋白酶原是胃蛋白酶的前体,是脊椎动物中普遍存在的非特异性蛋白消化酶,胃蛋白酶的生物学特性及分子特性已得到了充分研究,虽然有许多于胃蛋白酶产生细胞的研究报告,但胃蛋白酶原基因在这些细胞的表达却知之甚少,本研究采用地高辛标记的RNA探针,用原位杂交的方法研究了大鼠胃底腺中胃蛋白酶产生细胞的个体发育,研究发现,大鼠胃腺在胚胎18.5天开始出现,但没有形态分化;胃蛋白酶mRNA在出生后3.5天首次被原位杂交法检出。胃蛋白酶产生细胞在出生后8周发育成熟,胃蛋白酶的mRNA表达在主细胞和颈粘液细胞内,其发育可分为4个阶段:(1)胚胎18.5天至出生后0.5天;(2)出生后3.5天至2周;(3)出生后3周至4周,;(4)出生后8周,在胃底腺发育过程中,胃蛋白酶mRNA的表达只局限于某种特定的细胞,这些细胞的分布具有明确的阶段特异性,因此,我们认为胃蛋白酶C可作为胃上皮细胞分化的分子标志。  相似文献   

9.
目的:研究西酞普兰对慢性应激大鼠额叶皮质神经细胞增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、原癌基因蛋白(C-fos)表达及凋亡的影响。方法:将24只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组(n=8):对照组(不做任何处理)、应激组(应激+生理盐水灌胃)、实验组(应激+西酞普兰灌胃),采用强迫游泳建立慢性应激模型,用免疫组化法检测PCNA、C-fos蛋白表达水平;TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡情况;尼康图像分析软件测量各指标阳性细胞数量。结果:应激组与对照组比较,可见少量PCNA表达阳性细胞、大量c-fos表达阳性细胞,阳性细胞的体积明显缩小。实验组与应激组比较,可见PCNA表达阳性细胞增多、C-fos表达阳性细胞明显减少,TUNEL阳性细胞数量减少,核浓缩现象较应激组明显减轻,染色也明显变淡,上述差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论:慢性应激可影响大鼠额叶皮质神经细胞PCNA、C-fos蛋白表达水平,促进细胞凋亡,西酞普兰可调控额叶皮质神经细胞PCNA、C-fos蛋白表达水平,拮抗细胞凋亡,这可能是西酞普兰预防和治疗慢性应激引起的精神心理疾病的机制之一。  相似文献   

10.
观察了表皮生长因子受体及增殖细胞核抗原在生后1天至生后10月龄昆明种小鼠睾丸内的表达,结果表明:精原细胞及初级精线产细胞从生后第2周至生后4周龄DNA复制旺盛,增殖细胞核抗原免疫反应阳性细胞面密度于生后14天出现峰值。生长因子受体在间质细胞、精母细胞内均有表达。生后4周时,精母细胞表皮生长因子受体表达较强,便于表皮生长因子发挥调节细胞增殖、调亡的作用。  相似文献   

11.
不同月龄大鼠空肠粘膜上皮细胞的形态、增殖及凋亡   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为研究雄性大鼠空肠在发生、发育和衰老过程中上皮细胞增殖与凋亡形态学的变化,本实验采用增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)免疫细胞化学染色、原位末端标记(TUNEL)法检测了不同生长发育阶段SD大鼠空肠绒毛粘膜上皮及小肠腺上皮的细胞增殖、凋亡的变化情况,并统计测量了不同发育阶段大鼠空肠绒毛的高度、肌层厚度及绒毛杯形细胞、肠腺杯形细胞的数量变化。观察到大鼠空肠肠腺隐窝增殖细胞的阳性着色表达从出生后开始增强,到3月龄时达最高峰,12月龄时增殖细胞阳性染色又减弱;凋亡细胞主要分布于固有层,凋亡阳性细胞数在3月龄最多;大鼠空肠绒毛的高度从初生后开始增加,到3月龄达顶峰,而后开始变矮;空肠肌层在3周龄、12月龄较厚;杯形细胞数量于生后3周迅速增长,不同发育阶段的大鼠空肠肠腺隐窝的杯形细胞数量与年龄呈正相关。  相似文献   

12.
The synthesis of one of the main glycoproteins of the basement membrane, the laminin, was demonstrated by ultrastructural immunolocalization during rat foetal (16th day to 20th day of gestation) and postnatal development of the testis. The lamina densa, part of seminiferous tubular basement membrane, is labeled uniformly at all studied stages. The lamina lucida is not well defined before the postnatal stages, at which times discrete immunostaining extends from the lamina densa to the adjacent seminiferous epithelial cells (spermatogonia and Sertoli cells). The extracellular matrix around the peritubular cells is not labeled before birth. Intracellular immunostaining was detected as early as the 16th day of gestation in both Sertoli cells and cells around the seminiferous tubules which will transform later into peritubular cells. It was located in rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) cisternae and secretory vesicles. After 18-20 days of postnatal life, the immunostaining faints progressively. Some positive material is seen in the RER of the gonocytes at all studied stages. Sertoli cells and peritubular cells are the main producing cells of laminin after the 16th of gestation. The laminin secreted by gonocytes may play an important role in adhesion of gonocytes to the lamina densa and adjacent Sertoli cells before their transition from basal compartment to adluminal compartment.  相似文献   

13.
目的:研究功能矫形前伸大鼠下颌后浅层嚼肌细胞凋亡的变化规律,探讨功能矫形的肌肉改建机理。方法:选用50只5周龄Sprague-Dawley(SD)雄性大白鼠,随机分为实验组和对照组各25只。实验组大鼠戴自制上颌功能矫治嚣,引导下颌前伸,并打开咬合。利用RT-PCR方法检测两组大鼠浅层嚼肌Bcl-2和Bax基因表达情况,利用TUNEL方法检测浅层嚼肌细胞凋亡情况。结果:①Bcl-2和Bax基因表达随大鼠戴用矫治器时间的延长而升高,至第3周开始下降但仍高于对照组,但Bax的表达高于Bcl-2。Bax/Bcl-2比值随大鼠戴用矫治器时间的延长而升高,至第4周开始下降。②TUNEL实验结果显示浅层嚼肌细胞在戴用矫治器1天后,开始出现凋亡,随着时间延长而增加,至第3周达到顶峰,第4周开始下降。结论:①Bax/Bcl-2比值升高促进浅层嚼肌细胞凋亡。②功能矫形可引起浅层嚼肌细胞凋亡,导致肌肉的结构和功能发生适应性改建。  相似文献   

14.
Postnatal restoration of the mouse urinary bladder urothelium   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
Mouse urothelium is disrupted just before birth, followed by a postnatal restoration process which includes cell proliferation, death and differentiation. We assessed urothelial proliferation by the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), desquamation by electron microscopy, and apoptosis by TUNEL staining and urothelial differentiation by the expression of uroplakins and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) as well as the apical plasma membrane maturation. Our results indicated that urothelial proliferation was high from birth until about the 14th postnatal day. A majority of basal cells and even occasional superficial cells were PCNA positive during the first 5 postnatal days. Cell death occurred during the first 9 postnatal days. Between birth and day 5, single cells underwent apoptosis, whereas between days 6 and 9 cells mainly desquamated. CK20 and uroplakins were expressed in all superficial cells in postnatal urothelium. Their subcellular distribution characteristically changed in accordance with the progressive differentiation of superficial cells. During the urothelial postnatal development, proliferation activity slowly decreases to the proliferatively quiescent urothelium of the adult animal. Apoptosis is present in the first 9 postnatal days and within a few days of this period it appears simultaneously with desquamation. Superficial urothelial cells gradually differentiate, which is reflected in the changeable morphology of the apical plasma membrane.  相似文献   

15.
Summary The synthesis of one of the main glycoproteins of the basement membrane, the laminin, was demonstrated by ultrastructural immunolocalization during rat foetal (16th day to 20th day of gestation) and postnatal development of the testis. The lamina densa, part of seminiferous tubular basement membrane, is labeled uniformly at all studied stages. The lamina lucida is not well defined before the postnatal stages, at which times discrete immunostaining extends from the lamina densa to the adjacent seminiferous epithelial cells (spermatogonia and Sertoli cells). The extracellular matrix around the peritubular cells is not labeled before birth. Intracellular immunostaining was detected as early as the 16th day of gestation in both Sertoli cells and cells around the seminiferous tubules which will transform later into peritubular cells. It was located in rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) cisternae and secretory vesicles. After 18–20 days of postnatal life, the immunostaining faints progressively. Some positive material is seen in the RER of the gonocytes at all studied stages.Sertoli cells and peritubular cells are the main producing cells of laminin after the 16th of gestation. The laminin secreted by gonocytes may play an important role in adhesion of gonocytes to the lamina densa and adjacent Sertoli cells before their transition from basal compartment to adluminal compartment.  相似文献   

16.
We were studied the proliferative activity of the thyroid gland's cells of embryo and adult Wistar rats due to using the antiserum against the cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The 100% of cells in thyroid's embryo was a positive on the 16th, 17th, 18th stages of the embryonic development (stages by Kornegy). The percent of PCNA-positive cells considerably increased to 67% on the 19th stage. This fact the 20th and 21th stages of prenatal development relatively the previous stage coordinate with starting of the thyroid hormones in fetal thyroid gland and the first follicles formation. The small increasing of number of PCNA-positive cells detected on the 20th and 21th stages of prenatal development relatively the previous stage. Considerable elevation of the proliferating cells to 75% immediately before the birth (22th stage). An infant rats had have the 39% of proliferating cells. The 51% cells divided on the 5th day of postnatal development. Considerable decreased of the cell's division was occurred until the postnatal day 60. Using of the PCNA antiserum allowed to study cell proliferation in thyroid gland during pre- and postnatal rat development.  相似文献   

17.
Summary The ultrastructure of testis of immature rats from birth to ten postnatal days was studied in order to describe the development of germ cells into definitive spermatogonia. The primordial germ cells showed no structural changes from birth to 4 days after birth. At the 5th postnatal day the gonocytes were transformed into darker cells and began to migrate towards the basement membrane. As they reached the periphery of the seminiferous cords they resumed mitoses and gave rise to smaller gonocytes, which were progressively transformed in definitive spermatogonia. A lighter kind of supporting cell was also detected.We wish to thank Mrs. L. Giaccardo, A. Pozzolini and E. Taccini for skilled technical assistance.From the Department of Medical Pathology, Pisa University, Pisa, Italia.  相似文献   

18.
本实验采用地高辛精标记cRNA探针原位杂交技术和ABC免疫组织化学方法,研究了大鼠生后发育过程中胃肠胰组织生长抑素(SS)基因的表达。结果显示,大鼠生后发育过程中,胃腺SS杂交阳性细胞及SS-IR细胞的密度(细胞数/mm粘膜肌长)均随天龄增长而增大,至第15天前后达高峰,随后开始下降,至成年时,与出生时水平接近;十二指肠则在生后初期细胞密度较高,5天以后开始降低,第20天后降至成年水平。胰腺的SS杂交阳性细胞及SS-IR细胞密度(细胞数/mm2)变化规律与胃腺相似,随天龄增大,至第10天前后达高峰,第20天左右降至成年水平,与出生水平接近。研究结果表明,胃肠胰组织SS基因表达与胃肠胰的生长发育具有一定的相关性。  相似文献   

19.
Cellular proliferation was studied in the intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary gland of developing rats by labelling cells at the S-phase of the cell cycle with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). The number of BrdU-labelled cells in the IL decreased from birth until the 14th postnatal day and was low from that day until the end of the first month after birth. Throughout the postnatal period a large proportion of BrdU-labelled cells was found in the marginal layer (ML) of the IL, suggesting for the ML a role as a germinative layer of the IL during postnatal growth. Double immunostaining with anti-BrdU and anti-MSH showed that MSH cells actively proliferate as from the day of birth. Cells doubly immunostained with anti-BrdU and anti-S100 protein were first seen on the 14th postnatal day. From then onwards, most proliferating cells were labelled with either anti MSH or anti S-100 protein. This, together with the high proportion of proliferating cells found in the ML marks a clear difference with the pattern of cellular proliferation previously reported during a similar period in the anterior lobe of the rat pituitary.  相似文献   

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