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1.
白木香的化学成分与生物活性研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
白木香(Aquilaria sinensis)的化学成分主要包括黄酮、苯甲酮、木脂素、苯丙素、萜类、生物碱、甾体以及其他酚性化合物,一些化学成分具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗炎、镇痛、利泄、降糖等生物活性。对近年来从白木香中分离鉴定出的化学成分,以及部分化学成分的生物活性进行了综述,为白木香资源的合理开发利用提供科学依据。  相似文献   

2.
百合属植物化学成分多样,近年来成为天然产物化学研究的重点。文中着重对百合中重要化学成分百合皂苷的提取方法、化学成分及药理活性进行综述,为百合皂苷的开发利用提供参考。  相似文献   

3.
蜂海绵属(Haliclona)在海洋生态系统中分布较为广泛,从中分离到许多结构新颖的化学成分,包括生物碱、炔类、萜类、甾醇等,其中以生物碱类化合物最为典型,并且大多化学成分有较强生物活性,如细胞毒、抗菌、抗污、抗肿瘤等。本文综述了国内外近10年有关蜂海绵属的化学成分及生物活性的研究,旨在为该属海绵的化学成分和生物活性的进一步研究提供参考。  相似文献   

4.
福建樟树叶油的化学成分及其含量分析   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3  
樟树[Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Pres]叶油中的许多化学成分有广泛而重要的用途。有研究表明,由于长期受个体发育、系统发育、生殖隔离及生态环境的作用,樟树不同种群和个体之间精油的化学成分差异较大,有必要对樟树不同居群和不同个体精油的化学成分及其含量进行系统的研究。作者以分布在福建省内的樟树为调查对象,利用GC—MS法系统测定福建樟树叶油的化学成分及其含量,为樟树叶油化学成分的挖掘、开发利用和樟树的良种选育提供科学依据。  相似文献   

5.
CO2和温度升高及干旱对小麦叶片化学成分的影响   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12       下载免费PDF全文
研究了CO2浓度升高、高温和干旱对干旱区小麦叶片化学成分的影响,结果表明:CO2浓度升高时各化学成分之间的差异只有在40%田间持水量时才表现显著,说明未来CO2浓度升高对干旱区小麦化学成分的影响可能大于在非干旱区的影响;CO2浓度升高可减小因为土壤水分不同而造成的小麦化学成分之间的差异;高温对小麦化学成分的主要影响是引起N含量的显著降低;CO2浓度升高、高温和干旱三因子对干旱区小麦化学成分的复合影  相似文献   

6.
咖啡数百年来一直作为功能饮料因而被称作第一饮品。咖啡的化学成分及其生物活性备受人们关注,本文仅对咖啡化学成分的特点及其一些主要成分的结构类型和生物活性、咖啡化学成分研究的新方法等进行了简要评论。  相似文献   

7.
咖啡化学成分与健康   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
咖啡数百年来一直作为功能饮料因而被称作第一饮品。咖啡的化学成分及其生物活性备受人们关注,本文仅对咖啡化学成分的特点及其一些主要成分的结构类型和生物活性、咖啡化学成分研究的新方法等进行了简要评论。  相似文献   

8.
为探究酒制对女贞子化学成分的影响,采用UPLC-Orbitrap-MS技术结合多元统计分析对生女贞子、酒女贞子差异性化学成分进行研究。基于分子网络技术、主成分分析(PCA)模型和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)模型筛选女贞子酒制前后出现差异的主要化学成分。共鉴定出42种化学成分,结果显示PCA,OPLS-DA可将女贞子与酒女贞子完全区分开来,OPLS-DA筛选出VIP>1的22个酒制前后出现差异的主要化学成分。本研究建立了一种新的数据处理策略,以系统识别生女贞子和酒女贞子的化学成分,筛选女贞子酒制前后的差异性成分,为进一步研究女贞子酒制增效物质基础及原理提供坚实的基础。  相似文献   

9.
猪屎豆属植物化学成分及药理活性研究概况   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
综述近年来猪屎豆属植物化学成分和药理活性研究概况。提出在化学成分、构效关系、药理等方面均需要进一步开展深入研究的建议。  相似文献   

10.
本文报导应用气相色谱/质谱/计算机联用方法,分析了阳春砂仁叶油和广宁绿壳砂仁叶油的化学成分,分别鉴定出19和17个化学成分。两者相同的化学成分有:α-蒎烯、樟脑烯、β-蒎烯,γ-松油烯、3-已烯醇-[1]、异蒎樟脑酮、松油醇-[4)、α-松油醇以及对-α-聚伞花醇和麝香草酚等。这些化学成分占全油的70%以上。  相似文献   

11.
Parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian analyses of nuclear ITS and plastid trnL-F DNA sequence data are presented for the giant genus Croton (Euphorbiaceae s.s.) and related taxa. Sampling comprises 88 taxa, including 78 of the estimated 1223 species and 29 of the 40 sections previously recognized of Croton. It also includes the satellite genus Moacroton and genera formerly placed in tribe Crotoneae. Croton and all sampled segregate genera form a monophyletic group sister to Brasiliocroton, with the exception of Croton sect. Astraea, which is reinstated to the genus Astraea. A small clade including Moacroton, Croton alabamensis, and C. olivaceus is sister to all other Croton species sampled. The remaining Croton species fall into three major clades. One of these is entirely New World, corresponding to sections Cyclostigma, Cascarilla, and Velamea sensu Webster. The second is entirely Old World and is sister to a third, also entirely New World clade, which is composed of at least 13 of Webster's sections of Croton. This study establishes a phylogenetic framework for future studies in the hyper-diverse genus Croton, indicates a New World origin for the genus, and will soon be used to evaluate wood anatomical, cytological, and morphological data in the Crotoneae tribe.  相似文献   

12.
植物提取物对萝卜蚜的室内毒力研究   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
采用浸叶法和Potter喷雾法测定七种植物提取物对萝卜蚜 (Lipaphiserysim)的室内毒力效果。研究结果显示 :巴豆、博落回和醉鱼草提取物对萝卜蚜的致死中浓度LC50 分别为 1 86.94mg/L、2 0 0 .75mg/L和 1 5 7.73mg/L。  相似文献   

13.
《Nordic Journal of Botany》2007,25(3-4):206-216
A palynological analysis of 22 taxa of Croton sect. Lamprocroton (Müll. Arg.) Pax was accomplished in order to obtain evidence for a good interspecific delimitation and phylogenetic characterization of this group. Samples of 22 taxa (from which approximately 90% of the species belonged to this section) were obtained from herbarium specimens; moreover, pollen grains were analyzed with light and scanning electron microscopy. Characters observed from pollen grain diameter and from exine ornamentation were registered and compared. Pollen grains were found to be spherical, apolar, inaperturate and with a diameter ranging from 49.32±0.94 μm in C. ehrenbergii Schltdl. to 86.42±1.33 μm in C. muellerianus L. R. Lima . Pollen morphology of three recently described species of Croton was analyzed for the first time herein. In addition the results of this study confirm the distinctness of these species but do not support a recently proposed new variety of C. pallidulus Baill.  相似文献   

14.
用巴豆粉、提取物进行拌粮,研究对玉米象Sitophilus zeamais(Motschulsky)的防效。试验结果表明:巴豆粉在8000mg/kg稻谷使用剂量下,玉米象成虫的校正死亡率为46.7%,对子代的种群抑制率为65.7%;巴豆4种溶剂提取物对玉米象成虫及子代均具有很明显的控制作用,其中以无水乙醇提取物的效果最明显;1000mg/kg稻谷处理剂量下,玉米象成虫的校正死亡率为88.7%,对子代的种群抑制率为87.5%。  相似文献   

15.
16.
巴豆提取物对玉米象的生物活性   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
研究了巴豆(Croton tigliumL.)4种溶剂提取物对玉米象Sitophilus zeamais(Motschulsky)成虫的驱避作用和触杀作用。结果表明:巴豆的4种溶剂提取物对玉米象Sitophilus zeamais(Mostchulsky)成虫均有很好的触杀作用,7.86 mg/cm2的浓度处理后,4 d后的校正死亡率均达到100%。巴豆的4种溶剂提取物对玉米象成虫没有明显的驱避作用。  相似文献   

17.
In recent years the genus Croton has been of particular interest following the isolation of 11 different 12,13-diesters of the polyfunctional diterpene phorbol (1a), from the seed oil of Croton tiglium; these compounds represent its toxic, irritant and cocarcinogenic principles [1]. In addition, croton oil contains what is called “cryptic” cocarcinogens of the phorbol-12,13,20-triester type [1]. The structurally related but non-irritant diterpene ester 20-acetoxy-9-hydroxy-13,15-seco-4α-tigliatriene-(1,6,14)-dione-(3,13) [2] and crotofolin A have been isolated from C. rhamnifolius [3] and from C. corylifolious L. [4], respectively.  相似文献   

18.
The topical anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol and aqueous extracts from the aerial parts of Lavandula multifida L. (Lamiaceae), used in the Moroccan traditional medicine, was investigated by inhibition of the Croton oil-induced ear edema in mice. The biological assay revealed a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity for the ethanol extract, while the aqueous one was less active. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract led to identify four triterpenic acids of oleanane series, four pimarane and one iso-pimarane diterpenes, as well as the phenolic monoterpene carvacrol and its glucoside. Some of these compounds revealed an anti-inflammatory activity comparable to that of indomethacin.  相似文献   

19.
While conducting a floristic inventory of Croton from the Brazilian Caatinga, three new species were discovered. Croton arenosus, Croton glandulosobracteatus, and Croton harleyi are described and illustrated here. Based on morphological characters, Croton glandulosobracteatus is proposed to belong to section Barhamia, and C. arenosus and C. harleyi to section Geiseleria.  相似文献   

20.
Neo-clerodane diterpenoids from Croton schiedeanus   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Two new neo-clerodane type furano diterpenoids were isolated from the aerial part of Croton schiedeanus, besides the clerodane diterpenes cis- and trans-dehydrocrotonin, previously isolated from other species of Croton. Structural elucidation was achieved on basis of extensive NMR experiments, including X-ray diffraction analysis and molecular mechanics calculations. The previously known flavonoids ayanin and quercetin-3,7-dimethyl ether were also obtained from the extract of this plant.  相似文献   

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