中国食蚜蝇属一新种记述(双翅目：食蚜蝇科)

中国食蚜蝇属一新种记述（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）何继龙,储西平（上海农学院园林环境科学系上海２０１１０１）（江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所南京２１００１４）食蚜蝇属Ｓｙｐｈｕｓ是Ｆａｂｒｉｃｉｕｓ建立于１７７５年。此时的食蚜蝇属Ｓｙｒｐｈｕｓ（ｓ．１．）是...     

四川青城山优食蚜蝇属二新种记述（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）

本文记述四川青城山优食蚜蝇属Eupeodes 2新种:青优食蚜蝇Eupeodes (Eupeodes) qingchengshanensis和小优食蚜蝇Eupeodes(Eupeodes)parvus,均属于Eupeodes s.str.,亚属。模式标本保存于上海农学院昆虫标本室。     

中国优食蚜蝇属六新种记述(双翅目:食蚜蝇科)

本文记述我国优食蚜蝇属Eupeodes(syn.Metasyrphus)6新种。属下分类采取Vockeroth(1969,1986)的分亚属概念。文中记述的新种全部属于优食蚜蝇亚属Eupeodes(s.str.),并将本亚属内其他5种食蚜蝇重新组合,同时对有些种的中名也作了相应修改。新种模式标本保存于上海农学院。 新组合种:1.硕翅优食蚜蝇Eupeodes(Eupeodes)macropterus(Thomson),1869     

云南西双版纳热带雨林地区的食蚜蝇（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）

本文共记述了云南西双版纳地区２３属３７种食蚜蝇。其中有１新种和中国１新纪录种,另外有２种在国外报道,我国台湾和海南有分布,但国内无任何记载和描述,本文对这些种类均进行了描述。同时还对该地区的食蚜蝇区系特点及不同生态环境下食蚜蝇多样性进行了初步分析。     

中国毛食蚜蝇属研究及二新种记述(双翅目,食蚜蝇科)

2001～2003年作者对秦巴山区食蚜蝇科昆虫调查,发现中国毛食蚜蝇属Dasysyrphus 2新种,模式标本保存于陕西理工学院生物系陕西省资源生物重点实验室动植物标本馆.文中给出中国已知种的检索表.     

食蚜蝇科的分类系统及其研究进展

综述了食蚜蝇科的分类系统及其研究进展。林奈未能正确地区分出食蚜蝇类昆虫 ,将当时已知的大约 3 7种食蚜蝇归入家蝇属Musca中。Fabricius首次建立的食蚜蝇属Syrphus包括了当时已知的大部分食蚜蝇种类和一些非食蚜蝇种类 ,一些真正的食蚜蝇仍保留在家蝇属Musca及其它属中。MosesHarris是第 1位将食蚜蝇与双翅目其它类群分开的学者。Latreille首次建立食蚜蝇科Syrphiae。Fall啨ｎ以“Syrphici”作为食蚜蝇科的科名 ,现代食蚜蝇科的名称“Syrphidae”由Leach提出。目前 ,多数学者认为食蚜蝇科隶属于双翅目的环裂亚目Cyclorrhapha、无缝组Aschiza ,头蝇科Pipunculidae是其姊妹群 ,二者构成食蚜蝇总科Syrphiodea。在分类系统方面 ,Rondani首次将食蚜蝇科分为 5个亚科。Lioy第 1次依据幼虫摄食习性将食蚜蝇划分为 5个群 (group) ,并对Eristaliti群进行了再划分。Schiner依据径中横脉 (r m)的位置将食蚜蝇科分为 2个类群 ,将食蚜蝇科分为 8个亚科。Williston将食蚜蝇科划分为 3个亚科 ,包括1 4个族。Verrall在Schiner和Williston系统的基础上 ,提出分 7个亚科的分类系统 ,这一系统得到其后学者的认可和引用 ,如Efflatoun、Brunetti、Ferguson等。Bezzi也引用Verrall的系统 ,但以齿腿蚜蝇亚科Merodontinae取代     

毛食蚜蝇属二新种（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）

本文记述毛食蚜蝇属Dasysyrphus 2新种,雄性外生殖器命名采用Vockeroth(1969)系统。模式标本保存于上海农学院昆虫标本室。1.曲毛食蚜蝇Dasysyrphus licinus He,新种(图 1) 雄体长10.5mm。眼毛褐色,长约0.2mm。头顶三角区的高度约等于复眼接合缝的长度,覆淡色粉被及黑毛。单眼黄褐色,排成短的等腰三角形。额黑色,被黄色绵毛     

中国墨管蚜蝇属种类及新种记述：双翅目：食蚜蝇科

本文描这蚜蝇属Ｍｅｓｅｍｂｒｉｕｓ Ｒｏｎｄａｎｉ２新种：钩叶墨管蚜蝇Ｍｅｓｍｂｒｉｕｓ ａｄｕｎｃａｔｕｓ Ｌｉ和海南墨管蚜蝇Ｍ．ｈａｉｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｌｉ,１中国新记录和黑墨管蚜蝇Ｍ．ｎｉｇｅｒ Ｓｈｉｒａｋｉ．并给出该属中国已知各类的检索表及其分布．新种模式标本 保存于华南农业大学昆虫标本室。     

北洛河流域食蚜蝇科区系分析

依据世界动物地理区划及中国动物地理区划,对北洛河流域的食蚜蝇科昆虫进行区系分析。北洛河流域在动物地理区划上隶属于古北界的华北亚区,该区分布有食蚜蝇科昆虫52种,隶属于2亚科11族29属,其中包括2个中国新纪录种和7个陕西新纪录种。其区系组成特点是：古北界有17种,占总数的32.70%,古北界和东洋界共有种有35种,占总数的67.31%。     

长角蚜蝇属一新种记述：双翅目：食蚜蝇科

长角蚜蝇属一新种记述（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）李清西,何继龙新疆八一农学院植物保护系,新疆乌鲁木齐市８３００５２上海农学院园林环境科学系,上海市２０１１０１关键词食蚜蝇科,帽儿山长角蚜蝇,新种作者等在整理中国长角蚜蝇属标本时,发现了采自黑龙江的该属１新种。...     

西藏真蚋一新种(双翅目：蚋科)

西藏真蚋一新种（双翅目：蚋科）邓成玉,张有植,薛群力,陈汉彬（成都军区卫生防疫队成都６１００６１）（贵阳医学院贵阳５５０００４）１９８９年５月,作者在进行西藏亚东烟类调查时,发现烟属真纳亚属一新种,现记述如卜。新纤细真纳Ｓｉｔｈｄｓ（ＥＭｂｏｄｓｎ们...     

NORTH ATLANTIC SPURILLID NUDIBRANCHS, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES, SPURILLA COLUMBINA, FROM THE ANDALUSIAN COAST OF SPAIN

The new species Spurilla columbina differs from its Europeancongeners in coloration and the shape of its cerata. Comparativedata derived from S. norvegica (Odhner, 1939), S. coerulescens(Laurillard, 1830) and S. verrucicornis (Costa, 1864) are tabulated. ^* T. E. Thompson died in a car accident 1 January 1990 (Received 10 January 1989; accepted 4 July 1989)     

SYSTEMATIC REVISION OF THE EPIMENIIDAE (MOLLUSCA: SOLENOGASTRES)

The species of Epimeniidae (Solenogastres: Cavi-belonia) arecompared and revised according to available type material. Structuresof particular interest include the differentiation of the foregut,the pharyngo-buccal nervous system and the blood cells. Sevenspecies are recognized in the family. Of these, six are placedin the genus Epimenia: E. australis (Thiele) (synonym Dinomeniaverrucosa Nierstrasz), E. ohshimai Baba, E. arabica Salvini-Plawen& Benayahu, and the three new species E. babai from offKyushu, Japan (synonym E. verrucosa in Baba 1939–1951),E. allohaemata from off Korea and E.indica from the Maldives. E. vixinsignis Salvini-Plawen is transferred to Epiherpia gen.nov. (Received 2 February 1996; accepted 19 September 1996)     

广东蚋属二新种记述(双翅目：蚋科)

Five speices of Simuliidae, Simulium (Eusimulium) aureohirtum Brunetti,1911, S. (Simulium ) quinquestriatum (Shiraki, 1935) S.(Gomphostilbia ) pingxiangense An & Hao, 1990, S.(S.) shangchuanense sp. Nov. , S.(S.) spoonatum sp. Nov. were collected from Shangchuan Island, Guangdong Province, China. Both adult and pupal stages of the new species are described in this paper. All the specimens are kept in the Medical Entomological Specimen Building, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing.     

Patterns of Root Colonization in Epacridaceous Plants Collected from Different Sites

Root colonization was studied in ten species of the Epacridaceaeat three sites in Victoria by morphological and cross-inoculationexperiments. The sites and genera chosen were Cranbourne [Epacrisimpressa Labill. andLeucopogon ericoides(Smith) R. Br.] andRye [L. parviflorus(Andrews) Lindley] on the Mornington Peninsula,and the Grampians[Astroloma conostephioides(Sond.) Benth.,A.humifusum(Cav.) R. Br.,A pinifolium(R. Br.) Benth,Brachylomadaphnoides(Smith) Benth.,E. impressa, E. impressavar.grandifloraBenth.andStyphelia adscendensR. Br.] in western Victoria. For morphologicalstudies, samples of roots from each species at each site werecleared and stained and examined microscopically. For cross-inoculationstudies, cuttings from each site were struck in potting mediuminoculated with soil from the same and other sites. The ericoidmycorrhizae in the roots of plants found at or grown in Cranbourneand Rye soils were similar. Both were significantly differentfrom the internal hyphae found in the roots of plants foundat or grown in Grampians soils, which were three times largerin diameter and formed dense coils which filled the host celland invaded adjacent epidermal cells. This suggests that morethan one fungus is involved in the relationships, that the MorningtonPeninsula sites had a different fungus from the Grampians siteand that host specificity is low. Vesicular structures werealso found commonly on plants at the Grampians site, in contrastwith other sites. Epacridaceae; root; fungus; mycorrhiza; morphology; inoculation     

Fidelity of Hymenoptera and Diptera pollinators in onion (Allium cepa L.) pollination

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is protandrous in nature and requires cross‐pollination to avoid inbreeding. The pollination potential of native bees (Hymenoptera) and true flies (Diptera) was assessed in the perspective of finding the best pollinators for onion cross‐pollination and seed multiplication. The community of pollinators was composed of four bee species and twelve true fly species. Episyrphus balteatus, Eupeodes sp., Musca domestica and Eristalinus aeneus were the most abundant pollinators. The maximum pollinator activity was observed from 12 to 24 days after opening of the flowers. The pollination effectiveness of tested bees (Apis dorsata and Apis florea) was greater than true flies (E. balteatus, Eupeodes sp., M. domestica, E. aeneus and Callihoridae sp.) in terms of Spears values.     

Nitzschia cylindroformis sp. nov., a common and abundant nanoplankton diatom of the eastern subarctic Pacific

A new species of diatoms, intermediate between Nitzschia cylindrus(Grun.) Hasle and Nitzschia pseudonana Hasle is described. Differencesin morphology of the three species are outlined. The new specieshas been recorded only between 37°N and 53°N in thePacific Ocean while N. cylindrus is bipolar and N. pseudonanais cosmopolitan in distribution.     

Cuticles of Vascular Epiphytes: Efficient Barriers for Water Loss after Stomatal Closure?

Water permeabilities of astomatous, isolated cuticular membranesof 15 vascular epiphyte species (families: Araceae, Orchidaceaeand Piperaceae) from the moist lowland forest of Barro ColoradoNature Monument, Panama, were investigated. Permeances determinedat 30°C ranged from 0.46 x 10^-6 m s^-1(Aspasia principissa(Rchb.f.) R.E. Schult.) to 6.07 x 10^-6 m s^-1(Polystachya foliosa(Hook.)Rchb. f.). Comparison of these data with permeances of plantsfrom other habitats corroborates the notion that cuticular propertiesreflect the climatic demands of the growing sites. The studiedgroup of vascular epiphytes, living in a very drought-pronehabitat, showed the lowest cuticular permeances to water recordedto date. Copyright 2000 Annals of Botany Company Barro Colorado Island, cuticular transpiration, epiphyte, plant water relations, transport barrier     

中国二叉蚜属研究及三新种记述(同翅目：蚜科)

本文记述中国二叉蚜属Schizaphis Borner 6种,其中包括3新种：贴梗海棠二叉蚜Schizaphis(Schizaphis)chaenometicola Zhang,sp.nov.,香草二叉蚜Schizaphis(Schizaphis)hierochlophaga Zhanget Chen,sp.nov.和长管二叉蚜Schizaphis(Schizaphis)longituberclata Zhang et Qiao,sp.nov.,并附亚属、种检索表。模式标本存放中国科学院动物研究所标本馆。     

Dry Weight Production and Partitioning inMedicago minimaandErodium cicutariumUnder Water Stress

Medicago minimaandErodium cicutariumare two naturalized annualspecies in extensive semi-arid, temperate rangelands of centralArgentina. A field study was conducted during 1989 and 1990to evaluate the effects of different levels of soil water availabilityon above- and below-ground dry weight production and partitioningin these species. Dry weight production byM. minimawas moresensitive to water stress than that byE. cicutarium. Althoughthe response was more marked inM. minima, both species allocateda larger proportion of total plant dry weight to fruits underwater stress than under irrigated conditions during early spring.Percentage allocation of total plant dry weight into reproductiveorgans in both species, and stems and peduncles inE. cicutarium,was correlated with total dry weight of these organs; this mightindicate a correlation between sink size and strength. Persistenceof both species in the local flora appears to be associatedwith their capacity to colonize open, degraded areas and growin association with native perennial grasses, as well as totolerate severe drought periods.Copyright 1998 Annals of BotanyCompany Medicago minima(L.) Grufb. var.minima,Erodium cicutarium(L.) L'Herit, water stress, dry matter production and partitioning.