东亚茎蜂科二新属(膜翅目)

描述了东亚膜翅目茎蜂科两新属:大跗茎蜂属Magnitarsijanus gen.nov.和短痣茎蜂属Stigmatijanus gen.nov.,前者分布于中国和日本,后者分布于中国东部,其模式种分别为Janus kashivorus Yano et Sato,1928和Janus stigmaticus Maa,1949.建立了2个新组合:红盾大跗茎蜂Magnitarsijanus kashivorus(Yano et Sato,1928)comb.nov.和黄鳞短痣茎蜂Stigmatijanus stigmaticus(Maa,1949)comb.nov.,其中红盾大跗茎蜂是中国新纪录种.     

脊颜茎蜂属评述暨一新种(膜翅目:茎蜂科)

基于模式标本和新材料研究了茎蜂科脊颜茎蜂属,修订了该属属征和主要鉴别特征.该属唇基上区具锐利中脊,下唇须第4节短,明显宽于下颚须第4节,左上额粗短,中部显著弯折,雄虫多数鞭分节腹侧钝齿状突出,雌虫部分锯刃具多列亚基齿等特征,与茎蜂科其余各属均不相同.描述了脊颜茎蜂属1新种,采集自江西和湖南南部山区.编制了种检索表.     

哈茎蜂族二新属三新种（膜翅目：茎蜂科）

本文是中国茎蜂科昆虫系统分类研究之七,报道中国茎蜂科哈茎蜂族昆虫２新属３新种;兰胸柄腹茎蜂,长鞘大茎蜂,无目无刺茎蜂,无刺茎蜂属系一罕见属,是中国新纪录属。     

中国茎蜂科分类研究IV.简脉茎蜂属四新种附中国茎蜂科种属名录(膜翅目: 茎蜂科)

本文报道茎蜂科简脉茎蜂属中国４新种：申氏简脉茎蜂Ｊａｎｕｓｓｈｅｎｉｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,黄丽简脉茎蜂Ｊａｎｕｓｂｅｌｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,红胸简脉茎蜂Ｊａｎｕｓｒｕｆｉｔｈｏｒａｘｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,刻盾简脉茎蜂Ｊａｎｕｓｐｕｎｃｔａｔｅｎｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。文中还提供了中国茎蜂科已知属和种的名录及分布     

香梨茎蜂的生物学特性

香梨茎蜂ＪａｎｕｓｐｉｒｉｏｄｏｒｕｓＹａｎｇ属膜翅目茎蜂科Ｃｅｐｈｉｄａｅ ,是危害库尔勒香梨的一种主要害虫[1] 。该虫由中国农业大学杨集昆教授于1 995年鉴定命名 ,是第 4种危害梨梢的梨茎蜂[2 ] 。为了对该虫进行综合防治 ,1 997～ 1 999年作者对其行为学进行了研究     

中国哈茎蜂族一新纪录属种和一新种(膜翅目,茎蜂科)

记述中国茎蜂科哈茎蜂族1新纪录属种:黑基外齿茎蜂Stenoephus oncogaster Shinohara,1999和1新种:黄斑外齿茎蜂Stenocephus flavomaculus sp.nov..新种各足基节外侧亮黄色,中胸前侧片中部具黄条斑;OOL:POL=1.5,OCL:POL=4.0;下唇须第4节明显粗于基部3节;下颚须第1节等长于第5节,仅为第2节1/2长,第2节长2倍于宽,第6节2倍长于第5节;腹部第3节高明显大于长,后足胫节具1对亚端距,锯鞘基1.8倍长于锯鞘端,锯腹片中部三齿型锯刃较短的第3齿紧贴于较长的第1、2齿等,容易与本属模式种单刺外齿茎蜂鉴别.外齿茎蜂属目前已知仅此2种,分布于中国和日本,其主要鉴别特征为:体型狭长,腹部基部细长,第2节长明显大于高,雌虫腹部亚端部明显膨大,左上颚双齿式,内齿无肩,外齿显著长于内齿,爪无基片,内外齿均较小,互相分离,触角第3节长于第4节,前翅cu-a脉与1M脉顶接.新种模式标本保存于中南林业科技大学昆虫标本馆.     

香梨茎蜂引诱作用的初步观察

利用昆虫性信息素作为监测和防治技术的研究,主要以鳞翅目、鞘翅目的昆虫居多[1,2].我国已鉴定和合成了一批主要农林害虫性信息素,有些已在害虫的测报和防治上大面积推广应用[3].有关膜翅目昆虫性信息素的研究甚少,梨茎蜂性信息素的研究还未见报道.为了探索香梨茎蜂监测和防治新途径,作者于1999年4月中旬,在巴州种蜂场香梨园进行了性诱观察,并对处女雌蜂及其性信息素粗提物的不同处理进行了试验,以探讨其对香梨茎蜂的引诱效应,为其性信息素的有效提取、鉴定和应用提供依据.现将结果初报于下.     

一种寄生梨茎蜂的重要天敌-梨茎蜂啮小蜂(膜翅目,姬小蜂科)新种记述

描述了寄生梨茎蜂Janus piri Okamoto et Muramatsu的一种重要天敌新种--梨茎蜂啮小蜂Tetrastichus janusi sp.nov.,该种属小蜂总科姬小蜂科啮小蜂属.新种群集外寄生于梨茎蜂幼虫,一般1头寄主上寄生4～14头个体,雌雄性比为2.6∶1.0.一年发生两代.在越冬代梨茎蜂幼虫中的寄生率达44.7%.新种在梨茎蜂的生物防治中具有良好的应用前景.这是啮小蜂亚科在国内外首次发现寄生于茎蜂科害虫.新种模式标本保存于中国林业科学研究院昆虫标本馆.     

灰翅麦茎蜂的生物学及其防治对策

针对近年来在青海省和甘肃省春小麦生产中灰翅麦茎蜂CephusfumpennisEversmann的危害造成春小麦千粒重下降 8～ 1 0g,严重减产 ,籽粒品质变差 ,麦秆失去使用价值等问题 ,介绍了麦茎蜂的分布、主要生物学特征 (形态特征和生活习性等 )和目前的主要防治对策 ,包括耕作措施 (深翻、轮作倒茬 )、药剂、生物防治及选育抗虫小麦新品种     

中国小腹茧蜂属二新种记述(膜翅目,茧蜂科,小腹茧蜂亚科)

记述了采自黑龙江、吉林、辽宁和湖北省小腹茧蜂属M.icrogaster Latreille,18042新种,短管小腹茧蜂M.breviterebrae sp．nov．和长距小腹茧蜂M．longicalcar sp．nov．。短管小腹茧蜂M.breviterebrae sp．nov．(♀)与M．grandis相似,但以下特征可以区别：1)翅痣下方具暗斑(后者无);2)触角端前节长为宽的1．2倍(后者为2倍);3)头顶光滑(后者具皱纹);4)腹部第3背板光滑(后者具皱状刻点);5)后足胫节黑色(后者红黄色)。采自黑龙江镜泊湖、吉林长春、辽宁(阜新、大连、沈阳)。长距小腹茧蜂M．longicalcar sp．nov．(♀)与短管小腹茧蜂M.breviterebrae sp．nov．相似,但以下特征可以区别：1)1—RS脉长为1—M脉1／2(后者为1／3);2)r脉与翅痣宽等长(后者明显短于翅痣宽);3)后足胫节内距长为基跗节6／7(后者为1／2);4)产卵管鞘长为后足胫节1／2(后者为1／3);5)前后单眼间距与单眼直径等长(后者短于单眼直径)。采自湖北房县。本文附中国小腹茧蜂属分种检索表。模式标本均保存在浙江大学植保系寄生蜂标本室。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.