爆杖花的黄酮类成分研究

爆杖花(Rhododendron spinuliferum)茎叶75%丙酮水提取物采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20色谱、高效液相色谱等技术分离纯化,从其乙酸乙酯部分中共分离和鉴定了6个黄酮类化合物,槲皮素-3-O-[3″,4″-O-(异丙叉基)-β-D-木吡喃糖苷] (1),二氢槲皮素(2),二氢槲皮素-3-O-β-D-木吡喃糖苷(3),5,7,4′-三羟基-二氢黄酮醇-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(4),二氢槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(5),花青素A-2(6).其中化合物1为新化合物,爆杖花的化学成分为首次报道.     

地菍的化学成分(英文)

为了研究野牡丹科药用植物地菍(Melastoma dodecandrum)的化学成分,采用柱层析方法分离鉴定了15个化合物,通过波谱分析及对比文献等方法鉴定为4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3,3',4'-三甲氧基鞣花酸(1),槲皮素3-O-刺槐二糖苷(2),8-C-吡喃葡萄糖基-5,7,3',4'-四羟基黄酮(3),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-4',5,7-三羟基黄酮(4),6-C-吡喃葡萄糖基-4',5,7-三羟基黄酮(5),3-hydroxy-22(29)-hopen-23-oic acid(6),2,3-dihydroxy-9(11)-fernen-23-oic acid(7),3β-sitosterol laminaribioside(8),姜糖酯B(9),3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside-glycerol1-alkanoates(10),胡萝卜苷(11),β-谷甾醇(12),二十八烷醇(13),二十四烷酸(14)以及三十四烷(15)化合物结构。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

来江藤的苯丙素类配糖体成分

从云南民间药用植物来江藤(Brandisia hancei Hook．f．)的全草中分离到10个化合物,分别鉴定为3,4-二羟基苯乙醇基-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→3)-β-D-(4-O-咖啡酰基)-半乳吡喃糖苷(1),3,4-二羟基苯乙醇基-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→3)-β-D-(2-O-乙酰基-4-O-咖啡酰基)-半乳吡喃糖苷(2),acteoside(3),2’-acetylacteoside(4),poliumoside(5),2’-acetylpohumoside(6),mussaenoside(7),luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(8),luteolin(9)和mannitol(10)。化合物1-6为苯丙素配糖体成分,其中化合物2为新化合物,化合物1为首次从该属植物中获得。关键词：来江藤;苯丙素类配糖体;3,4-二羟基苯乙醇基-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基(1→3)-β-D-(2-O-乙酰基-4-O-咖啡酰基)-半乳吡喃糖苷。     

传统中药漆姑草（Sagina japonica）中的C-27甾体成分

利用Diaion HP 20及硅胶柱层析进行化合物的分离,从乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到了4个化合物,借助多种光谱技术进行结构鉴定分别鉴定为(25R)-螺甾-5-烯-1β,3β-二醇1-O{O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷-(1→2)-O-[β-D-木糖吡喃糖苷-(1→3)]1β-D-岩藻吡喃糖苷}(ophiopogonin D,1),(25R)-ruscogenin 1-O-[2-O-(乙酰基)-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷-(1→2)][β-D-木糖吡喃糖苷-(1→3)]-β-D-岩藻吡喃糖苷(2),(25R)-rascogenin 1-O-[3-0-(乙酰基)-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷-(1→2)][β-D-木糖吡喃糖苷-(1→3)]-β-D-岩藻吡喃糖苷(3),蜕皮甾酮(4).所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分得.     

重楼排草的化学成分研究

从报春花科植物重楼排草（L.Paridiformis Frach）的全株中分离得到了7个化合物。应用各种理化方法及光谱分析鉴定其化学结构。分别鉴定为：希克拉敏A-3-O-｜β-D-吡喃木糖基．（1→2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→2）]｜}-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（1）、3β-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-（1→2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）]。[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→2）]-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-16α-羟基-13β,28-环氧-齐墩果烷（2）、异鼠李素-3-O-[β-D-吡喃鼠李糖基-（1→）β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷]（3）、槲皮素-3-O-[β-D-吡喃鼠李基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷]（4）、β-香树素（5）、β-香树素乙酸酯（6）、三十二烷醇（7）。其中1、2、3、4均为首次从本植物中分离得到。     

香樟叶化学成分的研究

采用硅胶色谱柱层析、聚酰胺色谱柱层析、制备薄层色谱及其它分离手段从香樟叶(Cinnamomum camphora Leaves)70%乙醇提取中分离得到9个化合物,根据化合物理化性质和波谱数据分别鉴定为:邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(1)、l-细辛脂素(2)、(8R,8'R)-3,3',4,4'-四甲氧基-9-氧代-8-8',9-O-9'-木脂素(3)、槲皮素-3-Ο-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、山奈酚-3-O-β-芸香糖苷(5)、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(6)、槲皮素3-Ο-α-L-鼠李糖苷(7)、芦丁(8)、异鼠李素-3-O-β-芸香糖苷(9)。其中化合物1,2,6和9为首次从该种植物叶中分离得到。     

虎尾草化学成分研究

从虎尾草Lysimachia barystachys地上部分中分得8个已知黄酮苷类化合物,通过波谱解析其结构分别鉴定为槲皮素(1),山奈酚(2),金丝桃苷(3)、芦丁(4)、3,5,7,3',4'-五羟基黄酮-3-O-(2,6-二-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(5),3,5,7,3',4'-五羟基黄酮-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1-2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),3,5,7,4'-四羟基黄酮-3-O-(2,6-二-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(7),3,5,7,4'-四羟基黄酮-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1-2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8).这些化合物除3,4外均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

排风藤中皂苷类化学成分研究

从茄属植物排风藤的全草中分离得到了4个皂苷类化合物,经鉴定分别为:25R-螺甾-3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→3)]-O－β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(1),5α,25R-螺甾-3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→3)]-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O－β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(2),22α,25R-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-22-羟基-呋甾-△5-3β,26-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→3)]-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(3),22α,25R-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-22-羟基-呋甾-△5-3β,26-二醇-3-O－β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4).化合物1-4均为首次从排风藤中分离得到.     

罗汉果果渣的化学成分及抗炎活性研究CSCD

研究罗汉果(Siraitia grosvenorii)水提果渣的化学成分及其体外抗炎活性。采用多种色谱方法对罗汉果果渣化学成分进行系统的分离纯化,得到了26个化合物,并结合MS、NMR等波谱学手段对其进行结构鉴定,分别为齐墩果酸28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、齐墩果酸3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸苷-6′-乙酯(2)、(3α)-3,29-dihydroxy-7-oxomultiflor-8-ene-3,29-diyl dibenzoate(3)、3,29-二苯甲酰基栝楼仁二醇(4)、isomultiflorenol(5)、curcasinlignan B(6)、urolignoside(7)、diospyrosin(8)、楝叶吴萸素B(9)、4′-羟基苯基乙基香草酸酯(10)、橙黄胡椒酰胺乙酸酯(11)、山柰酚-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(12)、山柰苷(13)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(14)、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷-7-O-β-D-木糖苷(1→2)-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(15)、sagittatin A(16)、葫芦烷-5,24-二烯-3β-醇(17)、balsaminol E(18)、大豆脑苷I(19)、β-谷甾醇(20)、β-胡萝卜苷(21)、胆甾-5-烯-3β,7α-二醇(22)、2 E-4-羟基-壬烯酸(23)、香兰素(24)、对羟基苯乙醇(25)、β-hydroxypropiovanillone(26)。化合物2、6~11为首次在葫芦科植物中分离得到,化合物1、3、4、14~16、18、19、22~26为首次从罗汉果属植物中分离得到。初步研究了化合物1~26的体外抗炎活性,化合物4、5、7、13、19和21能抑制TNF-α生成,化合物13和21能同时抑制IL-1β、IL-6的生成,化合物7、19、22能抑制IL-1β的生成,化合物5能抑制IL-6的生成。     

旋花茄新鲜果实中的三个甾体皂苷

从茄科食用植物旋花茄(Solanum spirde)的新鲜果实中分离得到3个化合物,其中一个为新成分,经现代波谱学方法鉴定为26-0-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基-(25R)-呋甾-3β,22ξ,26-三醇-5-烯-3-0-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基-(1-2)-[3-0-(3-O-乙酰基)-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基-(1-4)]-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(1).2个已知化合物分别为26-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基-(25R)-呋甾-22ξ-甲氧基-3β,26-二醇-5-烯-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡哺糖基-(1-2)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(2)和26-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基-(25R)-呋甾-3β,22ξ,26-三醇-5-烯-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基-(1-2)-[α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基-(1-4)]-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(protodioscin)(3),均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.