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1.
V型ATP酶(Vacuolar-type ATPase)是一种定位于细胞膜和细胞器膜上的氢离子转运酶。它利用ATP水解的能量将氢离子转运到液泡、囊泡或者胞外,从而维持细胞内正常的酸碱环境。V型ATP酶B亚基(V-ATPase B)作为ATP的催化位点,也有着非常重要的作用。为了探讨家蚕V-ATPase B(Bm V-ATPase B)的功能,首先从家蚕五龄幼虫的中肠c DNA中克隆了Bm V-ATPase B基因并构建原核表达载体进行原核表达,获得了重组蛋白,经质谱鉴定正确后,通过镍柱亲和层析的方法纯化了该蛋白并制备了多克隆抗体;最后分析了该蛋白在家蚕丝腺中的表达特征并利用免疫荧光对其在丝腺中的表达位置进行了定位。结果显示Bm V-ATPase B基因序列全长1 473 bp,预测蛋白分子量55 k Da,预测等电点5.3。通过Western blotting对家蚕5龄第3天和上蔟第1天幼虫丝腺的不同区段进行Bm V-ATPase B蛋白的表达特征分析,发现在两个时期该蛋白均在前部丝腺高量表达,而在中部丝腺和后部丝腺表达量相对较低。进一步对两个时期丝腺的不同区段进行免疫荧光定位,发现该蛋白在两个时期的前部丝腺、中部丝腺和后部丝腺均定位于细胞层。利用激光共聚焦显微镜对该蛋白进行进一步的定位,发现该蛋白主要在丝腺的细胞膜表达。研究结果明确了该蛋白在丝腺中的表达模式,为深入研究该蛋白在蚕丝纤维形成中的作用奠定了基础。  相似文献   

2.
家蚕头部是一个神经中枢和感受的器官,其头部含有触角和感觉毛,感受外界的信号,并将外界信号传送到大脑进行反应。保幼激素主要是由咽侧体合成和分泌的,而保幼激素结合蛋白是保幼激素转运和发挥功能的载体,在昆虫体内具有极其重要的功能。文中通过Silk DB和NCBI数据库筛选并鉴定到一个新的具有保幼激素结合蛋白家族保守结构的蛋白Bm TOL,其编码基因编号为BGIBMGA003404(Gen Bank登录号:KY681053)。利用原核表达系统成功表达了该蛋白,通过Ni-NTA亲和层析的方法获得了Bm TOL的重组蛋白并制备了多克隆抗体。组织表达分析发现无论是转录水平还是蛋白水平Bm TOL在头部都是高量表达,且Bmtol基因在起蚕时表达量较高,在5龄和蛹期表达量较低,而在化蛾后表达量又开始上调。免疫组化结果显示Bm TOL蛋白定位在头部的皮层、触角和脑中,推测其可能与头部信息传递有关,为家蚕的生长发育和行为调控提供重要的信息来源。  相似文献   

3.
【目的】研究双重氧化酶(dual oxidase,DUOX)在家蚕Bombyx mori中的表达模式,探析其在家蚕肠道免疫机制中的作用。【方法】通过氨基酸多重序列比对和系统进化分析对Bm DUOX蛋白氨基酸序列特征进行研究,并采用RT-PCR方法扩增获得家蚕Bm DUOX膜外部分Bm DUOX_OM基因序列。在大肠杆菌Eescherichia coli(DE3)中诱导表达并通过亲和层析法纯化获得重组表达蛋白,以其为抗原免疫昆明鼠,获得对应的多克隆抗体;利用所得的抗体检测Bm DUOX的表达和细胞定位。通过半定量RT-PCR方法分析Bm DUOX在家蚕不同发育时期和组织中的表达模式及病原诱导表达谱。另外,利用活性氧检测试剂盒分析家蚕微孢子虫Nosema bombycis诱导后家蚕Bm E细胞的活性氧(ROS)的含量。【结果】生物信息学分析表明,Bm DUOX内有保守的Peroxidase,Ferric_reduct,EF-hand,FAD-binding和NAD-binding结构域,且具有6个跨膜区,跨膜形式与人类Homo sapiens、果蝇Drosophila melanogaster等的DUOX蛋白的跨膜形式一致。多重序列比对分析表明,Bm DUOX的过氧化酶区域内具有过氧化物酶的保守活性位点。克隆获得家蚕Bm DUOX_OM基因,并纯化获得重组表达蛋白,制备的鼠多抗具有较好的特异性。间接免疫荧光实验(IFA)表明,Bm DUOX位于家蚕Bm E细胞的细胞膜上。表达模式分析表明,Bm DUOX在家蚕5龄第3日幼虫和成虫中表达量较高;且在幼虫表皮、精巢、卵巢和头内高量表达,在成虫的卵巢、精巢、表皮和脂肪体内也有较高的表达量。病原诱导分析表明,通过肠道起始感染的家蚕微孢子虫能够诱导家蚕幼虫中肠Bm DUOX基因持续上调表达,且其诱导后的Bm E细胞内活性氧含量也明显增加,提示Bm DUOX调控的肠上皮ROS应答参与抵抗家蚕微孢子虫的侵染。【结论】Bm DUOX含有典型的结构域及保守的活性位点,表明其在家蚕中具有保守的生物学功能。Bm DUOX在家蚕不同发育时期、不同组织及病原诱导下的表达谱提示其可能参与宿主肠上皮对家蚕微孢子虫的免疫反应。  相似文献   

4.
通过家蚕组织芯片数据筛选得到家蚕血细胞特异表达基因Bm04862,并首次对该基因进行了克隆与鉴定。应用RACE技术获得该基因全长,并对其进行生物信息学分析。Bm4862基因开放阅读框819 bp,共编码273个氨基酸残基,预测其为跨膜蛋白;通过q RT-PCR技术对其时空表达情况进行分析;结果显示Bm04862基因在家蚕血细胞中特异高表达,并在4龄眠期和预蛹2 d时达到表达高峰;构建Bm04862真核表达载体,转染Sf9细胞分析其蛋白的亚细胞定位情况,结果表明其定位于细胞核膜和部分细胞质中。此外,用大肠杆菌刺激蚕体24 h后,Bm04862基因表达水平显著上调,表明大肠杆菌可以诱导该基因的表达,由此推测该基因可能参与家蚕的免疫应答。这为深入研究该基因在家蚕免疫反应中的功能提供了参考。  相似文献   

5.
【目的】原核表达家蚕Bombyx mori丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂20(Serine proteinase inhibitor 20,Bm Serpin-20),分析Bm Serpin-20基因和蛋白组织表达分布特点,以及不同外源病原物刺激家蚕后Bm Serpin-20基因的表达模式。【方法】利用p ET-28a表达载体在大肠杆菌Transetta(DE3)中融合表达Bm Serpin-20蛋白,利用纯化的重组蛋白作为抗原免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体,利用实时定量PCR技术及Western blot方法分别分析Bm Serpin-20基因和蛋白的组织表达水平,以及病原物免疫刺激后的表达模式。【结果】在大肠杆菌中正确表达和纯化了融合Bm Serpin-20蛋白,并制备了多克隆抗体;Bm Serpin-20基因和蛋白在脂肪体、中肠、血细胞、马氏管、表皮、睾丸、卵巢中均有表达,且在表皮中表达量最高;家蚕5龄幼虫经核型多角体病毒(Nuclear polyhedrosis viruses)、藤黄微球菌Micrococcus luteus、大肠杆菌Escherichia coli、白僵菌Beauveria bassiana处理后,Bm Serpin-20基因表达量先下调而后上调,但不同病原物在不同时间的影响不尽相同。【结论】研究了Bm Serpin-20基因和蛋白的表达模式,为下一步研究其在家蚕免疫系统中的作用奠定了基础。  相似文献   

6.
【目的】NEDD8是一种重要的蛋白质翻译后修饰蛋白,对底物蛋白的功能具有重要的调节作用。本研究旨在探索家蚕Bombyx mori中NEDD8的功能。【方法】利用RT-PCR技术,从家蚕Bm N细胞中克隆了家蚕NEDD8完整的开放阅读框。通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测家蚕NEDD8在不同发育阶段、5龄第3天幼虫不同组织中以及Bm NPV感染Bm N细胞后的相对表达量。通过构建GFP融合表达的重组Bm NPV(B.mori nucleopolyherovirus)感染家蚕Bm N细胞,在共聚焦显微镜下观察NEDD8在细胞中分布情况,用GFP抗体进行Western blot验证。【结果】克隆获得了NEDD8基因。序列分析表明,家蚕NEDD8高度保守,与家蚕泛素蛋白氨基酸序列一致性最高。qRT-PCR分析结果表明,NEDD8在家蚕的不同组织中均有表达,其中头部中表达量最高,其次是丝腺中,而在精巢和卵巢中表达量最低;在家蚕5龄第3天幼虫始到化蛹后第3天NEDD8的表达量开始逐渐增加,化蛾后降至低水平;在家蚕杆状病毒感染Bm N细胞的早期和极晚期NEDD8的表达量都有明显增加。GFP-NEDD8融合表达定位显示NEDD8在Bm N细胞内普遍存在,分布于整个细胞中,并且在感染48 h后存在细胞质内的聚集现象。【结论】NEDD8编码序列在物种间高度保守;NEDD8在家蚕幼虫头部中表达量最高,在化蛹阶段表达量逐渐增加;NEDD8在Bm N细胞内普遍存在并且可能与参与Bm NPV复制。本研究所得结果为进一步研究NEDD8在家蚕中的生物学功能及修饰底物蛋白的作用机制奠定了基础。  相似文献   

7.
王叶菁  付秋杰  殷子晴  何华伟 《昆虫学报》2022,65(12):1592-1597
【目的】克隆家蚕Bombyx mori Wnt信号通路下游关键基因Pangolin isoforms A/H/I/S转录剪接体X3 (Pangolin X3),分析其序列和表达特征。【方法】从NCBI数据库检索家蚕Pangolin X3,根据其编码序列(coding sequence, CDS)设计引物,利用PCR从家蚕幼虫中肠和血淋巴中进行克隆并测序验证。利用SilkDB 3.0, SMART, 多序列比对和系统发育树分析Pangolin X3的序列特征。利用qRT-PCR分析Pangolin X3在家蚕5龄第3 天幼虫不同组织(头、血淋巴、体壁、性腺、中肠、前部丝腺、中部丝腺、后部丝腺、脂肪体和马氏管)中的相对表达水平。【结果】从家蚕幼虫中肠和血淋巴克隆了Pangolin X3(GenBank登录号: XM_038020921)的CDS,其开放阅读框长1 560 bp,编码519个氨基酸残基,预测分子量为55.86 kD,预测等电点为7.53。Pangolin X3蛋白含有保守的β catenin结合位点和HMG结构域,其氨基酸序列在不同的昆虫中比较保守,特别是与DNA结合的HMG结构域,而与β-catenin结合的N末端CTNNB1结构域部分氨基酸残基发生变异。组织表达谱显示,Pangolin X3在家蚕5龄第3 天幼虫中肠、血淋巴和性腺中的相对表达水平较高,在头、体壁、前部丝腺、中部丝腺、后部丝腺、脂肪体和马氏管中的相对表达水平较低。【结论】本研究克隆了家蚕Pangolin X3,分析了其序列和表达特征,为深入研究家蚕Pangolin的生物学功能提供了基础。  相似文献   

8.
范洋洋  钱平  沈兴家  王欣  蒋涛  唐顺明 《昆虫学报》2016,(10):1043-1049
【目的】探究家蚕Bombyx mori miRNAs对丝素蛋白轻链基因(fibroin light chain gene,Bm FibL)和P25蛋白基因Bm P25表达的调控作用。【方法】分别以Bm Fib-L和Bm P25 mRNA 3'UTR为靶序列,应用在线预测软件RNAhybrid从前期家蚕4和5龄幼虫后部丝腺(posterior silk gland)sRNA高通量测序获得的29个差异表达bmo-miRNAs中,筛选对Bm Fib-L和Bm P25具有调控作用的候选bmo-miRNAs;采用半定量RT-PCR方法在mRNA水平分析候选bmo-miRNAs及其靶基因Bm Fib-L和Bm P25在4和5龄幼虫期以及5龄第3天幼虫不同组织的表达水平;利用双荧光报告基因检测系统在家蚕细胞Bm N中验证候选bmo-miRNAs对Bm Fib-L和Bm P25表达的调控作用。【结果】筛选到一个在Bm Fib-L和Bm P25 mRNA 3'UTR上都有靶位点的bmo-miR-375-3p(曾称bmo-miR-375*)。在后部丝腺中bmo-miR-375-3p和其预测靶基因Bm Fib-L和Bm P25都有较高的表达水平,提示bmo-miR-375-3p具备调控Bm Fib-L和Bm P25表达的时空条件。miR-375-3p重组表达载体与融合了Bm Fib-L 3'UTR的萤火虫荧光素酶(luciferase)报告基因(luc)表达载体共转染Bm N细胞,报告基因luc的表达水平显著下降;而在miR-375-3p重组表达载体与融合了Bm P25 3'UTR的luc表达载体共转染Bm N细胞中报告基因luc的表达水平下降不显著。【结论】miR-375-3p显著下调Bm Fib-L基因的表达,而对Bm P25基因的表达无明显调控作用。  相似文献   

9.
胡楠  董战旗  陈婷婷  潘敏慧 《昆虫学报》2015,58(11):1222-1228
【目的】家蚕Bombyx mori核型多角体病毒(Bm NPV)核衣壳蛋白VP39为病毒装配所必需。本研究旨在初探VP39在病毒侵染家蚕细胞过程中的功能及特征,以期为家蚕抗病毒研究提供研究基础。【方法】本研究通过构建原核表达载体,诱导原核表达得到多克隆抗体,以Western blot验证VP39表达时相;构建真核表达载体,转染细胞后以免疫荧光手段观测VP39表达定位及影响病毒增殖现象。【结果】制备了VP39多克隆抗体。VP39在病毒感染后大量定位于家蚕细胞核,部分定位于胞质,而过表达的VP39定位于家蚕细胞胞质;过表达VP39后抑制Bm NPV感染家蚕细胞。【结论】在Bm N-SWU1细胞中过表达VP39会影响Bm NPV的扩散,导致Bm NPV感染细胞数目大量减少。该结果为VP39调控宿主与病毒的相互作用提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

10.
蒲尚昆  王磊  谭安江  魏国清 《昆虫学报》2022,65(12):1598-1605
【目的】 本研究旨在以家蚕Bombyx mori为研究模型探索pax3基因在鳞翅目昆虫中的生物学功能。【方法】利用PCR扩增验证家蚕Bmpax3外显子序列;利用qRT-PCR检测Bmpax3在5龄第3天家蚕幼虫头、表皮、脂肪体、中肠、马氏管、前部丝腺、中部丝腺、后部丝腺和生殖腺(包括精巢和卵巢)中的表达谱;利用双元转基因CRISPR/Cas9系统构建Bmpax3敲除突变体,分析Bmpax3突变对家蚕幼虫存活、体节分化及性别差异的影响。【结果】Bmpax3在家蚕5龄第3天幼虫头、中肠和丝腺中均有表达,其中在前部丝腺表达量最高。Bmpax3突变体的卵孵化率约为90%,但约有80%的突变体在1龄幼虫期死亡,有将近10%的突变个体能幸存并发育到成虫阶段,并且存活成虫数存在性别差异,雄性显著多于雌性。在幸存的成虫中,约有将近1/2的个体腹部末端体节分节异常,表皮条纹混乱,腹节腹板部分缺失,生殖器官及其周围的其他辅助器官出现发育缺陷。【结论】Bmpax3发生突变后会对家蚕的生存及形态发育产生较大的影响,提示Bmpax3可能参与了家蚕的生长发育过程。  相似文献   

11.
The Bombyx mori anterior silk gland (ASG) is a natural fiber manipulator for the material provided by the middle and posterior silk glands. In view of the significant role of the ASG in the liquid–crystal spinning process, a shotgun proteomics approach was taken to study the relationship between the function of proteins in the silkworm ASG and the spinning mechanism. A total of 1132 proteins with 7647 unique peptides were identified in the ASG dataset including some involved in the cuticle, ion transportation, energy metabolism, and apoptosis. Two putative cuticle‐specific proteins were highly and specifically expressed in the ASG; therefore, the ASG dataset could provide clues for comprehensive understanding of the natural silk spinning mechanism in the silkworm. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD000090.  相似文献   

12.
The silk gland of silkworm produces silk proteins during larval development. Many studies have long focused on the silk gland of the fifth instar larvae, but few have investigated this gland at other larval stages. In the present study, the silk gland proteomes of the fourth instar and fourth molt are analyzed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. In total, 2654 proteins are identified from the silk gland. A high abundance of ribosomal proteins and RR‐motif chitin‐binding proteins is identified during day 2 of the fourth instar (IV‐2) larval developmental stage, and the expression of cuticular proteins analogous to peritrophin (CPAP)‐motif chitin‐binding proteins is higher during the fourth molt (IV‐M). In all, nine enzymes are found to be involved in the chitin regeneration pathway in the silk gland. Among them, two chitinase and two chitin deacetylases are identified as CPAP‐motif proteins. Furthermore, the expression of CPAP3‐G, the most abundant CPAP‐motif cuticular protein in the silk gland during the IV‐M stage, is investigated using western blot and immunofluorescence analyses; CPAP3‐G shows a reverse changing trend with chitin in the silk gland. The findings of this study suggest that CPAP‐motif chitin‐binding proteins are involved in the degradation of the chitin layer in the silk gland. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD008677.  相似文献   

13.
The silkworm spinneret is an important tissue for silk fibrillogenesis and spinning. All biochemical processes during silk fibrillogenesis are correlated with silk properties. Understanding the role of spinneret in silk fibrillogenesis may help to reveal the mechanism of silk fibrillogenesis as well as improve silk quality for commercial purposes. Thus, we profiled the proteome of silkworm spinneret. A total of 1572 proteins and 232 differential abundance proteins were identified. Silk fibrillogenesis‐related proteins, such as cuticle proteins, ion‐transporting proteins, muscular proteins, and energy metabolic proteins, were abundant in spinneret. Metabolic pathway and GO enrichment analyses revealed that the identified proteins were involved in energy metabolism, chitin binding, and cuticle construction. Active energy metabolism may provide abundant energy for the muscle contraction as well as ion and water exchange. The chitin binding and cuticle construction process may provide sufficient shear forces for silk formation. Our data suggest that silkworm spinneret provides a suitable physiological and biochemical environment for silk fibrillogenesis. These proteins are potential targets for improving silk quality in the silk industry. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD004455.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Small non-protein coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play important roles in development, stress response and other cellular processes. Silkworm is an important model for studies on insect genetics and control of Lepidopterous pests. We have previously identified 189 novel intermediate-size ncRNAs in silkworm Bombyx mori, including 40 ncRNAs that showed altered expression in different developmental stages. Here we characterized the functions of these 40 ncRNAs by measuring their expressions in six tissues of the fifth instar larvae using Northern blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. We identified nine ncRNAs (four small nucleolar RNAs and five unclassified ncRNAs) that were enriched in silk gland, including four ncRNAs that showed silk gland-specific expression. We further showed that three of nine silk gland-enriched ncRNAs were predominantly expressed in the anterior silk gland, whereas another three ncRNAs were highly accumulated in the posterior silk gland, suggesting that they may play different roles in fibroin synthesis. Furthermore, an unclassified ncRNA, Bm- 152, exhibited converse expression pattem with its antisense host gene gartenzwerg in diverse tissues, and might regulate the expression of gartenzwerg through RNA-protein complex. In addition, two silk gland-enriched ncRNAs Bm-102 and Bm-159 can be found in histone modification complex, which indicated that they might play roles through epigenetic modifications. Taken together, we provided the first expression and preliminary functional analysis of silk gland-enriched ncRNAs, which will help understand the molecular mechanism of silk gland-development and fibroin synthesis.  相似文献   

16.
Kong L  Lv Z  Chen J  Nie Z  Wang D  Shen H  Wang X  Wu X  Zhang Y 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2007,1770(12):1598-1604
14-3-3 proteins, which have been identified in a wide variety of eukaryotes, are highly conserved acidic proteins. In this study, we identified two genes in silkworm that encode 14-3-3 proteins (Bm14-3-3zeta and Bm14-3-3epsilon). Category of two 14-3-3 proteins was identified according to phylogenetic analysis. Bm14-3-3zeta shared 90% identity with that in Drosophila, while Bm14-3-3epsilon shared 86% identity with that in Drosophila. According to Western blot and real time PCR analysis, the Bm14-3-3zeta expression levels are higher than Bm14-3-3epsilon in seven tissues and in four silkworm developmental stages examined. Bm14-3-3zeta was expressed during every stage of silkworm and in every tissue of the fifth instar larvae that was examined, but Bm14-3-3epsilon expression was not detected in eggs or heads of the fifth instar larvae. Both 14-3-3 proteins were highly expressed in silk glands. These results suggest that Bm14-3-3zeta expression is universal and continuous, while Bm14-3-3epsilon expression is tissue and stage-specific. Based on tissue expression patterns and the known functions of 14-3-3 proteins, it may be that both 14-3-3 proteins are involved in the regulation of gene expression in silkworm silk glands.  相似文献   

17.
14-3-3 proteins, which have been identified in a wide variety of eukaryotes, are highly conserved acidic proteins. In this study, we identified two genes in silkworm that encode 14-3-3 proteins (Bm14-3-3ζ and Bm14-3-3ε). Category of two 14-3-3 proteins was identified according to phylogenetic analysis. Bm14-3-3ζ shared 90% identity with that in Drosophila, while Bm14-3-3ε shared 86% identity with that in Drosophila. According to Western blot and real time PCR analysis, the Bm14-3-3ζ expression levels are higher than Bm14-3-3ε in seven tissues and in four silkworm developmental stages examined. Bm14-3-3ζ was expressed during every stage of silkworm and in every tissue of the fifth instar larvae that was examined, but Bm14-3-3ε expression was not detected in eggs or heads of the fifth instar larvae. Both 14-3-3 proteins were highly expressed in silk glands. These results suggest that Bm14-3-3ζ expression is universal and continuous, while Bm14-3-3ε expression is tissue and stage-specific. Based on tissue expression patterns and the known functions of 14-3-3 proteins, it may be that both 14-3-3 proteins are involved in the regulation of gene expression in silkworm silk glands.  相似文献   

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The insect cuticle plays important roles in numerous physiological functions to protect the body from invasion of pathogens, physical injury and dehydration. In this report, we conducted a comprehensive genome‐wide search for genes encoding proteins with peritrophin A‐type (ChtBD2) chitin‐binding domain (CBD) in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. One of these genes, which encodes the cuticle protein BmCBP1, was additionally cloned, and its expression and location during the process of development and molting in B. mori were investigated. In total, 46 protein‐coding genes were identified in the silkworm genome, including those encoding 15 cuticle proteins analogous to peritrophins with one CBD (CPAP1s), nine cuticle proteins analogous to peritrophins with three CBD (CPAP3s), 15 peritrophic membrane proteins (PMPs), four chitinases, and three chitin deacetylases, which contained at least one ChtBD2 domain. Microarray analysis indicated that CPAP‐encoding genes were widely expressed in various tissues, whereas PMP genes were highly expressed in the midgut. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting showed that the cuticle protein BmCBP1 was highly expressed in the epidermis and head, particularly during molting and metamorphosis. An immunofluorescence study revealed that chitin co‐localized with BmCBP1 at the epidermal surface during molting. Additionally, BmCBP1 was notably up‐regulated by 20‐hydroxyecdysone treatment. These results provide a genome‐level view of the chitin‐binding protein in silkworm and suggest that BmCBP1 participates in the formation of the new cuticle during molting.  相似文献   

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