妊娠晚期孕妇血常规检查结果的临床分析

目的:探讨妊娠晚期妇女全血细胞指标的变化及其正常参考区间,并分析其临床意义.方法:采用日本Sysmex XE-2100血细胞分析仪检测314例妊娠晚期妇女和234例健康未孕妇女进行全血细胞参数,包括红细胞、血小板、血红蛋白、白细胞和中性粒细胞百分比,并比较两组之间各参数的差异.结果:正常妊娠晚期妇女中性粒细胞百分比和血红蛋白含量符合正态分布,白细胞、血小板、红细胞计数均不符合正态分布.其白细胞数、中性粒细胞百分比显著高于健康对照组;而血小板数、红细胞数、血红蛋白含量显著低于健康对照组,两组差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:妊娠晚期妇女血常规各项指标与正常人的参考值相比均发生了显著变化,需要临床医生引起重视.     

不同人群阴道乳杆菌分离比较的研究

目的比较细菌性阴道病患者、抗生素治疗后BV患者和健康妇女阴道内乳杆菌的分布差异。方法对124例(包括40例细菌性阴道病患者和23例抗生素治疗后细菌性阴道病患者)年龄为19~65岁的妇女阴道分泌物进行乳杆菌及产H2O2乳杆菌的分离和半定量计数。结果健康妇女阴道内乳杆菌检出率和活菌数量明显高于细菌性阴道病患者和抗生素治疗后细菌性阴道病患者(P<0.01);产H2O2乳杆菌是健康妇女阴道内优势菌,其检出率明显高于细菌性阴道病患者。结论阴道内乳杆菌特别是产H2O2乳杆菌是健康妇女阴道乳杆菌的重要成员,在防治细菌性阴道病发生中起重要作用,且对多种抗生素敏感。     

喀什地区维吾尔族和汉族丙肝实验室检查的对比分析

目的:探讨喀什地区维吾尔族和汉族丙肝患者的实验室检查特征,为临床诊断治疗提供依据.方法:对424例丙肝患者血清采用酶联免疫吸附法检测抗-HCV,荧光定量聚合酶链反应法检测丙肝RNA,采用电化学发光法检测FER、CA125、CA199,采用酶法检测GGT,ALT,AST.结果:维吾尔族丙肝患者HCVRNA的阳性率65.25％明显高于汉族患者54.26％,且维吾尔族丙肝患者血清FER(476.35± 120.50)和GGT(71.22± 21.84)水平均高于汉族患者FER(333.44-105.71)、GGT(55.63± 15.16),差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).但两民族患者间抗-HCV阳性率、CAl25、CA199、ALT、AST水平无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:喀什地区维吾尔族和汉族丙肝患者不同,维吾尔族丙肝患者HCVRNA阳性率、FER、GGT水平均高于汉族患者,本研究提示维吾尔族丙肝患者可能肝细胞损害较重,更易发展为肝癌,临床应加以重视.     

新疆维吾尔族和汉族妇女宫颈脱落细胞中HPV Ll 壳蛋白的表达比较

目的:研究HPV L1壳蛋白在在新疆维吾尔族和汉族妇女宫颈脱落细胞中的表达情况及差异性。方法:收集2012年9月至2014年3月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院妇科门诊就诊或行宫颈癌机会性筛查的新疆维吾尔族和汉族妇女病例1160例,选择其中HPV感染阳性或TCT阳性或两项同时阳性的465例纳入研究队列,通过免疫细胞化学法检测宫颈脱落细胞中HPV L1蛋白的表达情况。结果:新疆维吾尔族与汉族妇女HPV L1壳蛋白的总阳性表达率比较无显著差异(P=0.964);维吾尔族与汉族妇女正常或慢性炎症组、CIN1组、CIN2组、CIN3组和SCC组HPV L1壳蛋白表达的阳性率比较均无显著差异(P=0.988,0.957,0.803,0.892,1.000)。新疆维吾尔族妇女和汉族妇女HPV L1壳蛋白表达的阳性率在C1N1组为最高,高于正常或慢性炎症组及其它高病变组,且HPV L1壳蛋白表达的阳性率随宫颈病变恶性程度的增加而降低,呈负相关(相关系数=-0.687和-0.379,P0.001)。结论:新疆维吾尔族与汉族妇女宫颈脱落细胞中HPV L1壳蛋白的表达不存在民族差异,但其与宫颈病变的恶性程度呈负相关,可能是宫颈病变的保护性因素之一。     

新疆436例不孕症患者阴道分泌物检测

目的探讨生化检测法在阴道感染诊断中的应用价值。方法采用常规检测法和生化检测法对新疆自治区人口和计划生育科研所妇科门诊436例不孕症患者进行阴道分泌物检测。结果在436例患者中,使用常规检测法共筛查出细菌性阴道病患者71例,阳性率为16.28%;使用生化检测法共筛查出细菌性阴道病患者82例,阳性率为18.80%。在诊断细菌性阴道病方面,这两种方法的符合率达到了86.5%,经Kappa一致性检测,二者具有中度一致性(Kappa=0.72,P>0.05)。结论生化检测法与Amsel法的符合率较高,且具有准确、快速,不需使用大型昂贵仪器等特点,适宜在基层医院推广使用。     

五联检检测3988例阴道分泌物结果分析

目的 探讨过氧化氢浓度、唾液酸酶、白细胞酯酶、脯氨酸氨基肽酶和乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶检测对阴道微生态的改变所致妇科疾病的诊断意义.方法 对妇科门诊3 988例阴道分泌物进行五联检检测及Amsel法的检测.结果 五联检法检测3 988例阴道分泌物的结果阳性率:细菌性阴道病(BV)为30.1%,念珠菌为40.1%,滴虫为21....     

CO2气腹对老年急性阑尾炎患者术后炎症反应及免疫应激反应的影响

目的:研究CO_2气腹对老年急性阑尾炎患者术后炎症反应及免疫应激反应的影响,为临床治疗提供依据。方法:选取2015年1月到2016年3月我院收治的老年急性阑尾炎患者130例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组和对照组,每组65例,对照组给予常规开腹阑尾炎切除术,研究组应用CO_2气腹下腹腔镜下阑尾炎切除术,比较两组术前、术后1天、3天和5天白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。结果:术后1天两组白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、IL-10和TNF-α水平均明显升高,比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),研究组术后1天白细胞计数和中性粒细胞计数与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),研究组术后1天TNF-α和IL-10水平显著低于对照组,比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);术后3天、5天与术后1天相比,两组白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、IL-10和TNF-α水平均明显降低,术后3天与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后5天与术前比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),术后3天和5天研究组白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、IL-10和TNF-α均显著低于对照组,比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:CO_2气腹能有效降低急性阑尾炎患者术后炎症反应和免疫应激反应,改善患者预后。     

650例疑似细菌性阴道病BV患者阴道分泌物检测分析

目的探讨生化检测法在细菌性阴道病（BV）诊断中的应用价值。方法对绍兴市人民医院妇科门诊650例阴道分泌物进行常规及生化检测。结果在650例疑似细菌性阴道病患者中,以“唾液酸苷酶阳性＋过氧化氢阳性”为诊断标准,共检出BV患者483例（占总数的74．31％）;使用Amsel法检出细菌性阴道病患者481例（占总数的74％）。使用生化检测法和Amsel法检出细菌性阴道病的阳性率差异无统计学意义（x2=0．53,P〉O．05）,二者的符合率为94．15％（612／650）,具有很高的一致性。结论生化检测准确、快速,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

1316例阴道病患者病原体与pH结果分析

目的了解妇女阴道病患者阴道分泌物中几种病原菌的分布情况,揭示各种阴道病病原菌与pH之间的关系。方法对1 316例阴道病患者阴道分泌物标本直接涂片革兰染色镜检、生理盐水湿片镜检及pH测定。结果 1 316例阴道病患者中检出细菌性阴道病384例,阴道pH 4.4~5.6,占29.18%;UU感染阴道病252例,阴道pH 5.0~6.1,占19.15%;MH感染40例,阴道pH 4.7~6.1,占3.04%;CT感染20例,pH 4.7~5.6,占1.52%;念珠菌感染164例pH 4.4~5.0,占12.46%;阴道毛滴虫感染92例,pH 5.0~5.6,占6.99%。结论本研究检出妇女阴道病主要以细菌性阴道病与支原体及衣原体性阴道病较高,且4种常见病原体引起的感染患者pH两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),说明pH检测快速、简便,具有一定的诊断价值。     

血清降钙素原与传统感染检测指标对细菌性血流感染的临床诊断价值比较

目的比较血清降钙素原(PCT)和传统感染检测指标在细菌性血流感染中的诊断价值。方法选取我院2018年1月至11月59例血培养显示细菌感染阳性患者为血培养阳性组,选取同期63例血培养阴性患者为血培养阴性组,分析两组患者白细胞(WBC)、中性粒细胞(NEU)计数和血清PCT水平,比较PCT、WBC和NEU对细菌性血流感染的诊断阳性率和ROC曲线下面积。结果两组患者WBC、NEU计数和血清PCT水平差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),PCT对细菌性血流感染的诊断阳性率和ROC曲线下面积显著大于WBC和NEU(均P<0.05)。PCT诊断细菌性血流感染的灵敏度为96.6%,特异度为95.2%。结论血清PCT对细菌性血流感染具有较高的诊断价值。     

Role for dopamine in malonate-induced damage in vivo in striatum and in vitro in mesencephalic cultures

Defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the reactive metabolites generated from the metabolism and oxidation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) are thought to contribute to the damage to neurons of the basal ganglia. We have previously demonstrated that infusions of the metabolic inhibitor malonate into the striata of mice or rats produce degeneration of DA nerve terminals. In the present studies, we demonstrate that an intrastriatal infusion of malonate induces a substantial increase in DA efflux in awake, behaving mice as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with tetrabenazine (TBZ) or the TBZ analogue Ro 4-1284 (Ro-4), compounds that reversibly inhibit the vesicular storage of DA, attenuates the malonate-induced DA efflux as well as the damage to DA nerve terminals. Consistent with these findings, the damage to both DA and GABA neurons in mesencephalic cultures by malonate exposure was attenuated by pretreatment with TBZ or Ro-4. Treatment with these compounds did not affect the formation of free radicals or the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation resulting from malonate exposure alone. Our data suggest that DA plays an important role in the neurotoxicity produced by malonate. These findings provide direct evidence that inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase causes an increase in extracellular DA levels and indicate that bioenergetic defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic neurodegenerative diseases through a mechanism involving DA.     

Changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity in chicken tissues in hyperthyreosis in ontogenesis

The lactate dehydrogenase activity in reactions of lactate oxidation and synthesis was studied in subfractions of the chicken brain, heart and liver at the embryonal, early postembryonal and adult stages of development after thyroxine administration. It has been shown that during embryogenesis thyroxine predominantly enhanced the rate of lactate oxidation in the mitochondrial tissues. A marked increase in the lactate synthesis was found in cytoplasm of the adult chicken tissues. Specificity of enzyme activity alterations was detected in the chicken brain during ontogenesis after thyroxine administration.     

Scurvy in capybaras bred in captivity in Argentine

In order to determine if the absence of vitamin C in the diet of capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) causes scurvy, a group of seven young individuals were fed food pellets without ascorbic acid, while another group of eight individuals received the same food with 1 g of ascorbic acid per animal per day. Animals in the first group developed signs of scurvy-like gingivitis, breaking of the incisors and death of one animal. Clinical signs appeared between 25 and 104 days from the beginning of the trial in all individuals. Growth rates of individuals deprived of vitamin C was considerably less than those observed in the control group. Deficiency of ascorbic acid had a severe effect on reproduction of another population of captive capybaras. We found that the decrease in ascorbic acid content in the diet affected pregnancy, especially during the first stages. The results obtained suggest that it is necessary to supply a suitable quantity of vitamin C in the diet of this species in captivity.     

SSTR5 ablation in islet results in alterations in glucose homeostasis in mice

Somatostatin (SST) peptide is a potent inhibitor of insulin secretion and its effect is mediated via somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) in the endocrine pancreas. To investigate the consequences of gene ablation of SSTR5 in the mouse pancreas, we have generated a mouse model in which the SSTR5 gene was specifically knocked down in the pancreatic beta cells (betaSSTR5Kd) using the Cre-lox system. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that SSTR5 gene expression was absent in beta cells at three months of age. At the time of gene ablation, betaSSTR5Kd mice demonstrated glucose intolerance with lack of insulin response and significantly reduced serum insulin levels. Insulin tolerance test demonstrated a significant increase of insulin clearance in vivo at the same age. In vitro studies demonstrated an absence of response to SST-28 stimulation in the betaSSTR5Kd mouse islet, which was associated with a significantly reduced SST expression level in betaSSTR5Kd mice pancreata. In addition, betaSSTR5Kd mice had significantly reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels at 12 months of age. Glucose tolerance test at an older age also indicated a persistently higher insulin level in betaSSTR5Kd mice. Further studies of betaSSTR5Kd mice had revealed elevated serum C-peptide levels at both 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting that these mice are capable of producing and releasing insulin to the periphery. These results support the hypothesis that SSTR5 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas.