大豆具放氧活性的光系统Ⅱ颗粒的光合特性

用去垢剂Triton X-100从大豆叶绿体制备出具放氧活性的光系统Ⅱ颗粒。放氧活性达208 μmol O_2 mg~(-1) Chl.hr~(-1)以吸氧表示的PSI活性以及低温荧光发射中代表光系统Ⅰ的F_(735)均比叶绿体明显下降。光诱导P_(700)吸收变化很难检测出来,用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳几乎分离不出属光系统Ⅰ的叶绿素蛋白质复合物带来。代表光系统Ⅱ活性的DCIP光还原活性很高。颗粒的Chl a/b值为1.9。以上结果表明这颗粒十分富含光系统Ⅱ和放氧系统,其光系统Ⅰ含量是可以忽略的。 在文中也叙及从菠菜和蓖麻叶绿体得到的相似颗粒的一些光合特性。     

磷脂酰胆碱和Triton X—100对光系统Ⅱ蛋白二级结构及放氧活性？…

采用傅立叶变换红外光谱技术（ＦＴ－ＩＲ）和氧电极研究了磷脂酰胆碱和Ｔｒｉｔｏｎ Ｘ－１００对光系统Ⅱ膜复合物的蛋白二级结构及放氧活性的影响。结果表明,磷脂酰胆碱对光系统Ⅱ膜复合物的蛋白二级结构没有显著的影响,但能引起放氧活性的提高,而且脂酰侧链长度不同,对放氧活性的促进程度也不一样。相比较而言,ＴＸ－１００对膜脂的扰动却引起蛋白二级结构的明显改变,并能抑致放氧活性。结果说明,完整的膜结构对维持光合     

磷脂酰胆碱和Triton X-100对光系统Ⅱ蛋白二级结构及放氧活性影响的比较

采用傅立叶变换红外光谱技术(FT-IR)和氧电极研究了磷脂酰胆碱和Triton X-100对光系统Ⅱ膜复合物的蛋白二级结构及放氧活性的影响.结果表明,磷脂酰胆碱对光系统Ⅱ膜复合物的蛋白二级结构没有显著的影响,但能引起放氧活性的提高,而且脂酰侧链长度不同,对放氧活性的促进程度也不一样.相比较而言,TX-100对膜脂的扰动却引起蛋白二级结构的明显改变,并能抑致放氧活性.结果说明,完整的膜结构对维持光合膜蛋白的稳定是非常重要的.     

磷脂酰胆碱和TritonX-100对光系统Ⅱ蛋白二级结构及放氧活性影响的比较(英文)

采用傅立叶变换红外光谱技术 (FT_IR)和氧电极研究了磷脂酰胆碱和TritonX_10 0对光系统Ⅱ膜复合物的蛋白二级结构及放氧活性的影响。结果表明 ,磷脂酰胆碱对光系统Ⅱ膜复合物的蛋白二级结构没有显著的影响 ,但能引起放氧活性的提高 ,而且脂酰侧链长度不同 ,对放氧活性的促进程度也不一样。相比较而言 ,TX_10 0对膜脂的扰动却引起蛋白二级结构的明显改变 ,并能抑致放氧活性。结果说明 ,完整的膜结构对维持光合膜蛋白的稳定是非常重要的。     

微藻光合作用制氢——能源危机的最终出路?

微藻光合作用制氢是解决能源短缺问题的有效途径.本文介绍了微藻光合作用制氢的机理,包括蓝藻固氮酶和可逆氢酶产氢以及绿藻可逆氢酶产氢的机理.在分析光合制氢限制因素的基础上,指出筛选和构建高效放氢藻株是制氢的有效途径.然后介绍了“直接生物光解”、固氮酶放氢和“间接生物光解”等制氢方式.利用绿藻“间接生物光解”水制氢是一种最有发展潜力的制氢方式.本文最后展望了微藻光合制氢的前景.     

转基因鱼腥藻中hTNF-α基因表达与光合作用间的相关性研究

分析了培养光强对转基因鱼腥藻生长和hTNF-α基因表达的影响,以及转基因鱼腥藻IB02的光合放氧活性、光系统Ⅰ及光系统Ⅱ活性。发现光强对转基因鱼腥藻IB02的生长和hTNF-α基因表达都有促进;hTNF-α基因在鱼腥藻中的表达率与真正光合、光系统Ⅰ和光系统Ⅱ活性存在一定的联系。hTNF-α基因表达同时对宿主的光合放氧特性也产生了显著的影响,与正对照相比转基因藻光呼吸速率增强68%,饱和点降低66%,说明转基因鱼腥藻的代谢负荷增加,并在低光强下生长比野生型快。     

三种不同制剂来源的叶绿素蛋白质复合物CPa的光谱特性及其组分的比较研究

用 SDS-PAGE 方法分离了菠菜叶绿体制剂、放氧光系统Ⅱ制剂和放氧光系统Ⅱ反应中心核心复合物的色素蛋白质复合物,对它们的 CPa 带进行的光谱特性的对比研究表明,在前两种制剂中 CPa 带不仅含有 Chl a 的蛋白质复合物带,它还含有少量 Chl b。且叶绿体制剂的 CPa 带中的 Chl b 含量高于放氧光系统Ⅱ制剂中的含量。此外,根据光系统Ⅱ反应中心核心复合物只有一条叶绿素蛋白质复合物带(CPa)的实验结果,我们认为光系统Ⅱ反应中心叶绿素蛋白质复合物即在 CPa 带中。但在叶绿体制剂和放氧光系统Ⅱ制剂的情况下,CPa 带还含有其它组分。     

巨大螺旋藻PSII颗粒光合放氧与多肽组成关系的研究

由常温下培养的巨大螺旋藻制备的细胞、类囊体膜片层、ＰＳⅡ颗粒均具一定的放氧活性,且随着制备物的纯化,放氧活性逐渐提高。二价阳离子Ｃａ＾２＋对于维持光合膜放氧活性是必需的;ＰＳⅡ颗粒放氧复合物包含１２条多肽,较高等植物多肽组分复杂;类囊体膜多肽分则极为复杂;盐洗和多肽重组实验表明５５,５０,２６ｋＤ多肽与外在放氧蛋白组成及功能有关,特别是５５,２６ｋＤ多肽是放氧不可缺少的组分。     

巨大螺旋藻PSⅡ颗粒光合放氧与多肽组成关系的研究

由常温下培养的巨大螺旋藻（Ｓｐｉｒｕｌｉｎａｍａｘｉｍａ）制备的细胞、类囊体膜片层、ＰＳⅡ颗粒均具一定的放氧活性,且随着制备物的纯化,放氧活性逐步提高。二价阳离子Ｃａ￣２＋对于维持光合膜放氧活性是必需的;ＰＳⅡ颗粒放氧复合物包含有１２条多肽,较高等植物多肽组分复杂;类囊体膜多肽组分则极为复杂;盐洗和多肽重组实验表明５５,５０,２６ｋＤ多肽与外在放氧蛋白组成及功能有关,特别是５５,２６ｋＤ多肽是放氧不可缺少的组分。     

光合放氧系统的结构和放氧过程

对自然界从厌氧细菌的光合作用到放氧植物的光合作用作一简单介绍,并着重阐明光合放氧系统的结构和放氧的过程,以及锰、氯、钙与氧释放的关系。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

Time of detection of recessive genes: effects of system of mating and number of examined individuals

Summary Anthers were cultured from two sets of seven lines of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with different cytoplasms, the euplasmic nucleus donors, Siete Cerros 66 and Penjamo 62, as well as their six alloplasmic lines derived from wild relative species of the genera Triticum and Aegilops. Significant cytoplasmic and nuclear effects but no cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction were found for embryogenic anther response, with the best performance of Penjamo 62 in Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm. Plant regeneration was not affected significantly by the cytoplasmic background of the lines cultured. The possible genetic implications of the observed cytoplasmic and nuclear influences on the in vitro haploid induction of wheat are discussed.