不同品种苦荞麦不同器官总黄酮含量的比较分析

Total flavonoids content in stems,leaves and seeds of seven cultivars of Fagopyrum tataricum(L.) Gaertn.and a cultivar of F.esculentum Moench were determined by UV-visible spectrophotometry.The results show that total flavonoids content in leaves is higher.Total flavonoids content among different cultivars of F.tataricum has a great difference.Among seven cultivars of F.tataricum,total flavonoids content is the highest in leaves and seeds of ’Jiande Tartary Buckwheat’ with 106.16 and 24.09 mg·g-1,respectively,and in stems of ’Dingbian Tartary Buckwheat’ with 34.65 mg·g-1.The comprehensive analysis result indicates that ’Jiande Tartary Buckwheat’ is the best germplasm resources of F.tataricum and worth to further extension.     

Variation of Bioactive Compounds in Hypericum perforatum Growing in Turkey During Its Phenological Cycle

The present study was conducted to determine phenologic and morphogeneUc variation of hyperlcln, chlorogenlc acid and flavonoids, as rutin, hyperoside, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, quercitrin, quercetin content of Hypericum perforatum L. growing in Turkey. Wild growing plants were harvested at vegetative, floral budding, full flowering, fresh frulUng and mature fruiting stages and dissected into stem, leaf and reproductive tissues and assayed for bioacUve compounds by the High performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method. Hypericin concentration ranged between 0 and 2.73 mg/g DW, chlorogenic acid 0.00-3.64 mg/g DW, rutin 0.00-3.36 mg/g DW, hyperoside 0.04- 22.42 mg/g DW, quercitrin 0.03-3.46 mg/g DW and quercetin 0.04-1.02 mg/g DW depending on ontogenetic and morphogenetic sampling. Leaves were found to be superior to stems and reproductive parts with regard to phenolic accumulation for all compounds tested while flowers accumulated the highest levels of hypericln. Quercltrln, quercetln and hypericin content in all tissues increased with advancing of developmental stages and reached their highest level during flower ontogenesis. Similarly, chlorogenic acid, hyperoside and apigenin-7-O-glucoside content in different plant parts increased during plant development, however, the highest level was observed at different stages of plant phenology for each tissue. Chlorogenic acid was not detected in stems, leaves and reproductive parts in several stages of plant phenology and its variation during plant growth showed inconsistent manner. In contrast to the other compounds examined, rutin content of stems and leaves decreased with advanc- ing of plant development and the highest level for both tissues was observed at the vegetative stage. However, content of the same compound in reproductive parts was the highest at mature fruiting. The present findings might be useful to obtain increased concentration of these natural compounds.     

Leaves of Field-Grown Mastic Trees Suffer Oxidative Stress at the Two Extremes of their Lifespan

Leaf senescence is a complex phenomenon occurring in all plant species, but it is still poorly understood in plants grown in Mediterranean field conditions and well-adapted to harsh climatic conditions. To better understand the physiological processes underlying leaf senescence in mastic trees (Pistacia lentiscus L.), we evaluated leaf growth, water and N content, photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, lipid peroxidation and levels of photosynthetic pigments, antioxidants, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid and jasmonic acid during the complete leaf lifespan, from early expansion to late senescence in relation to natural climatic conditions in the field. While mature leaves suffered from water and N deficit during late spring and summer, both young (emerging) and old (senescing) leaves were most sensitive to photo-oxidative stress, as indicated by reductions in the F v/F m ratio and enhanced lipid peroxidation during late autumn and winter. Reductions in the F v/F m ratio were associated with low α-tocopherol (vitamin E) levels, while very old, senescing leaves additionally showed severe anthocyanin losses. We have concluded that both young (emerging) and old (senescing) leaves suffer oxidative stress in mastic trees, which may be linked in part to suboptimal temperatures during late autumn and winter as well as to low vitamin E levels.     

衍生化条件的优化及不同产地青蒿中青蒿素含量的柱前衍生化-HPLC法测定

Derivation conditions of pre-column derivation-HPLC method used for determinating artemisinin content were compared and selected,and artemisinin content in above-ground part of Artemisia annua L.from seventeen locations was compared by optimal pre-column derivation-HPLC method.The optimal derivation condition is selected via comparing of 0.2% NaOH solution addition(3,4,5,6 and 7 mL),derivation temperature(30 ℃,35 ℃,40 ℃,45 ℃ and 50 ℃) and derivation time(0,2,5,10,20,40 and 60 min) during derivation process.The optimal derivation condition is adding 5 mL 0.2% NaOH solution,then insulating in 40 ℃ water bath for 10 min.Differences of artemisinin content in A.annua from seventeen locations are obvious,the general trend is that artemisinin content decreases gradually with location from south to north,in which artemisinin content in A.annua from Youyang of Chongqing is the highest with a value of 7.08 mg·g-1.The method is simple and accurate with good reproducibility,and can be used to determinate artemisinin content in medicinal material of A.annua.     

Seasonal changes of thermogenic capacity in Melano-bellied oriental voles (Eothenomys melanogaster)☆

Seasonal changes of thermogenic capacity in Melano-bellied oriental voles (Eothenomysmelanogaster) were studied by measurements of body mass, basal metabolic rate (BMR), non-shivering thermogenesis (NST), thermogenic properties of brown adipose tissue (BAT), relative weight of liver mass, mitochondrial protein (MP) content, and activities of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase (COX) in autumn (October), winter (December), spring (April) and summer (July), respectively.
Results showed that: (1) Body mass of E.melanogaster was the highest in autumn, and the lowest in summer. The seasonal change in body mass was subject not only by environment temperature but also to other factors such as reproduction, feeding habit and climate in the habitat. Reproductive periods of E.melanogaster were in early spring (February–March) and late autumn (September–October), and therefore, the body mass was higher in spring and autumn. In addition, E.melanogaster feeds on leaves and stems of plants in spring and summer, whereas mainly on fruits in autumn and winter as they contain more energy. The difference in the feeding habit could result in higher body mass in the late half of the year, but lower body mass in winter. The lower body mass in winter provides E.melanogaster with an advantage in motility. (2) The BMR and NST of E.melanogaster was higher in winter than in other seasons, which suggests that the regulating thermogenic capacity is an important adaptive strategy for E.melanogaster. However, there was no difference in relative oxygen consumption (NST–BMR/BMR), suggesting that the regulative capacity of BMR is approximately equal to NST in E.melanogaster. This is different from some small mammal species in north China, which have higher regulative capacity in NST than E.melanogaster. Melano-bellied oriental voles live in mountainous area with subtropical zone monsoon climate and abundant food resource, and therefore have lower regulative capacity in NST, which can reduce an absolute request for energy. The low regulative capacity in NST can also help E.melanogaster to maintain energy balance and stable body temperature. (3) The relative mass of BAT in winter was significantly higher than that in summer. Different seasons significantly affected the MP content of BAT. The MP content of BAT was in the following order: winter > fall > spring > summer. The trend as following was observed for the mitochondrial COX activity of BAT: winter > spring > fall > summer. In experimental conditions, the thermogenic rate of many small mammal species increased under cold acclimation. Short photoperiod alone could also induce E.melanogaster to increase NST and mitochondrial COX activity of BAT. Therefore, ambient temperature and photoperiod are important environmental cues to induce seasonal changes in thermogenic capacity in E.melanogaster. (4) The relative mass of liver in summer was higher than that in other seasons, but no seasonal changes were found among other seasons. The MP contents of liver showed highest level in winter and lowest in spring and summer. Significant seasonal changes were also observed in the mitochondrial COX activity of liver. It increased significantly in winter, but not in other seasons. This indicates that liver participate in adjustment of thermogenesis. These data indicate that both increasing whole-animal thermogenesis rate and thermogenic capacity at the cells of BAT and liver play an important role in the adaption of E.melanogaster to seasonal changes, and they are also closely correlated with the habitat condition and their life habit.     

Seasonal changes of thermogenic capacity in Melano-bellied oriental voles (Eothenomys melanogaster)

Seasonal changes of thermogenic capacity in Melano-bellied oriental voles (Eothenomysmelanogaster) were studied by measurements of body mass, basal metabolic rate (BMR), non-shivering thermogenesis (NST), thermogenic properties of brown adipose tissue (BAT), relative weight of liver mass, mitochondrial protein (MP) content, and activities of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase (COX) in autumn (October), winter (December), spring (April) and summer (July), respectively.
Results showed that: (1) Body mass of E.melanogaster was the highest in autumn, and the lowest in summer. The seasonal change in body mass was subject not only by environment temperature but also to other factors such as reproduction, feeding habit and climate in the habitat. Reproductive periods of E.melanogaster were in early spring (February–March) and late autumn (September–October), and therefore, the body mass was higher in spring and autumn. In addition, E.melanogaster feeds on leaves and stems of plants in spring and summer, whereas mainly on fruits in autumn and winter as they contain more energy. The difference in the feeding habit could result in higher body mass in the late half of the year, but lower body mass in winter. The lower body mass in winter provides E.melanogaster with an advantage in motility. (2) The BMR and NST of E.melanogaster was higher in winter than in other seasons, which suggests that the regulating thermogenic capacity is an important adaptive strategy for E.melanogaster. However, there was no difference in relative oxygen consumption (NST–BMR/BMR), suggesting that the regulative capacity of BMR is approximately equal to NST in E.melanogaster. This is different from some small mammal species in north China, which have higher regulative capacity in NST than E.melanogaster. Melano-bellied oriental voles live in mountainous area with subtropical zone monsoon climate and abundant food resource, and therefore have lower regulative capacity in NST, which can reduce an absolute request for energy. The low regulative capacity in NST can also help E.melanogaster to maintain energy balance and stable body temperature. (3) The relative mass of BAT in winter was significantly higher than that in summer. Different seasons significantly affected the MP content of BAT. The MP content of BAT was in the following order: winter > fall > spring > summer. The trend as following was observed for the mitochondrial COX activity of BAT: winter > spring > fall > summer. In experimental conditions, the thermogenic rate of many small mammal species increased under cold acclimation. Short photoperiod alone could also induce E.melanogaster to increase NST and mitochondrial COX activity of BAT. Therefore, ambient temperature and photoperiod are important environmental cues to induce seasonal changes in thermogenic capacity in E.melanogaster. (4) The relative mass of liver in summer was higher than that in other seasons, but no seasonal changes were found among other seasons. The MP contents of liver showed highest level in winter and lowest in spring and summer. Significant seasonal changes were also observed in the mitochondrial COX activity of liver. It increased significantly in winter, but not in other seasons. This indicates that liver participate in adjustment of thermogenesis. These data indicate that both increasing whole-animal thermogenesis rate and thermogenic capacity at the cells of BAT and liver play an important role in the adaption of E.melanogaster to seasonal changes, and they are also closely correlated with the habitat condition and their life habit.     

The anti-photooxidation of anthocyanins-rich leaves of a purple rice cultivar

In the leaf of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar Yunnan purple rice,the anthocyanins with an obvious absorption peak at 530nm were distributed in the cells of upper and lower epidermis,bulliform tissue and bristle. The maximal photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate and chlorophyll content in flag leaves were 28% and 23%,respectively,more than the common green leaf rice cultivar Chijiaoru-anzhan. Higher chlorophyll content is probably one of the physiological adaptations for enhancing light harvesting capacity of the antenna in photosystems in this cyanic leaves species. Upon the photooxidation of leaf segments mediated by methyl viologen in weak light for 3 days,the distinct bleaching of anthocyanins in purple rice was associated with the reduction of scavenging ability to DPPH· free radical ability and the increase in membrane leakage rate. But almost no changes in contents of flavonoids and total phenolics were observed. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fo,qP and φPSⅡ decreased with the increase in NPQ and DES of xanthophylls cycle after photooxidation treatment. Green rice leaves showed more decrease in DPPH· scavenging rate and more increase in cell membrane leakage rate but showed a trace of anthocyanins during photooxidation. It is sug-gested that anthocyanin may be a beneficial and primary antioxidant in sun cyanic rice leaves against oxidative stress induced by environmental adversity. And photooxidation could induce different changing patterns of anthocyanins between the tested purple and green rice leaves.     

‘孔府酥脆’枣试管苗离体叶片不定梢诱导和再生

Using in vitro leaves of Zizyphus jujuba ‘Kongfusucui’ plantlet as explants,effects of culture method,phytohormone proportion and culture time on induction rate of adventitious shoot from leaves and effects of sucrose concentrations in rooting media on rooting of adventitious shoot were studied.The results show that induction rate of adventitious shoot by two-step culture method(firstly cultured on medium Ⅰ for four weeks then cultured on medium Ⅱ for three weeks) is significantly higher than that by one-step culture method(cultured continuously on medium Ⅰ for seven weeks).Phytohormone proportion in medium Ⅰ has an obviously influence on induction rate of adventitious shoot,which gradually increases with increasing of TDZ concentration in medium Ⅰ.And adding 1.0 mg·L-1 TDZ in medium Ⅰ leads to induction rate with above 80%.With culture time prolonging(cultured for 1,2,3 or 4 weeks on medium Ⅰ,respectively),induction rate increases gradually.Sucrose concentration has a significant effect on rooting of adventitious shoot,sucrose with higher concentration(30 g·L-1) is beneficial to rooting.According to induction rate and growth status of adventitious shoot,it is determined that optimal culture method of adventitious shoot induction from Z.jujuba ’Kongfusucui’ leaves is two-step culture method,that is,leaves firstly cultured on WPM medium containing 1.0 mg·L-1 TDZ and 0.5 mg·L-1 IAA for four weeks,and then cultured on WPM medium containing 0.5 mg·L-1 IAA and 1.0 mg·L-1 GA3 till adventitious shoot produced.     

Gradient of photosynthetic pigments in the bark and leaves of lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.)

The concentration of chlorophyll and a carotenoids in the bark of stems of different age and in the leaves of lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.) was determined. The thickness of bark changes with the age of the stems, ranging from 0.73 mm in the current-year stems to 1.22 mm in 3-year-old ones. Chlorophyll and carotenoids were present through the whole thickness of the bark, except the cork. It was found that chlorophyll and carotenoids are located mainly in the outer layer of the bark, immediately under the cork, to a depth of 400 μm. In this layer the chlorophyll a/b ratio is the highest and the content of chlorophyll is four times larger than that of carotenoids. When penetrating deeper into the bark, the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids as well as the chlorophyll a/b ratio diminishes. Investigations of the leaves showed that most of the chlorophyll is found in the palisade parenchyma, the chlorophyll a/b ratio is the highest in the upper layer. The highest concentration of chlorophyll in the bark is 0.44 mg·dm⁻² and in leaves −1.2 mg⁻²·dm⁻². The highest value of the chlorophyll a/b ratio in the bark is 3.8, and the lowest 0.5, while in the leaves it varies from 4.5 to 3.8 Low values of the chlorophyll a/b ratio are due to the shade conditions existing in the bark and they are evidence of very great differentiation of light conditions within it.     

翅果油树及其群落中7种优势木本种类的叶性特征比较

Taking Elaeagnus mollis Diels and seven dominant woody species in its community from Yicheng County of Shanxi Province as research objects, leaf traits including specific leaf area (SLA), nitrogen content in leaf per unit area ( Narea ) , leaf dry matter content ( LDMC ) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency ( PNUE ) were compared, and correlations of SLA value with LDMC and PNUE values were analyzed. The results show that there are different degree variations in four indexes of leaf traits of E. mollis, Vitex negundo var. heterophylla ( Franch.) Rehd., Broussonetia papyrifera ( Linn.) L' Hér. ex Vent., Lespedeza bicolor Turcz., Caragana microphylla Lam., Rosa xanthina Lindl., Amygdalus davidiana ( Carrière) de Vos ex Henry and Periploca sepium Bunge, in which, SLA value with the largest coefficient of variation ( 404%) , and LDMC value with the lowest coefficient of variation ( 103%) . Compared with other tested species, SLA and PNUE values of E. mollis are the lowest ( 103 cm-2 · g-1 and 108 μmol · mol-1 · s-1 , respectively) , while its Narea value is the highest ( 0243 g · m-2 ) , and its LDMC value is also relatively high ( 0380 g·g-1 ) . SLA value of eight tested species show an extremely significant positive correlation ( P<001) with PNUE value, and a significant negative correlation ( P<005 ) with LDMC value, correlation coefficient are 0923 and -0718, respectively, indicating that SLA value is an important parameter of leaf photosynthetic capacity and resource utilization ability. It is suggested that compared with other dominant woody species, E. mollis is more sensitive to environmental change, and has a poor environmental adaptability.     

Degradation and conversion of somatostatin in normal and diabetic rats in vivo and in vitro

Plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in the portal and jugular veins of streptozotocin diabetic rats was compared with that in normal control rats. In the diabetic group, somatostatin levels in the portal (p less than 0.05) and jugular (p less than 0.01) veins were both elevated compared with those in the control group. Moreover, the degree of elevation was greater in the jugular vein than in the portal vein. To further investigate the role of the liver in the clearance of somatostatin-28 in vivo, 2 micrograms of somatostatin-28 was administered as a bolus into the external jugular vein of intact and functionally hepatectomized rats. The mean half-time of somatostatin-28 was significantly longer in intact diabetic rats than in controls (p less than 0.05). The functional hepatectomy did not cause a significant difference in the half-time in diabetic rats but made it longer in control rats. These results suggest that the longer half-time of somatostatin-28 in diabetic rats in vivo is due to its slower hepatic clearance. The hepatic clearance of somatostatin-28 and somatostatin-14 was further studied in vitro using a recirculating liver perfusion method. The hepatic clearance of 1.2 nM of either somatostatin-28 or somatostatin-14 was significantly lower in diabetic rats than in controls (p less than 0.01). This indicates that elevated plasma somatostatin levels in diabetic rats are caused at least in part by decreased hepatic clearance of somatostatin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Production of arsine and methylarsines in soil and in culture

Arsenate, arsenite, monomethylarsonate, and dimethylarsinate were added to different soils, and evolution of gaseous arsenical products was determined over 3 weeks. Arsine was produced in all three soils from all substrates, whereas methylarsine and dimethylarsine were produced only from methylarsonate and dimethylarsinate, respectively. At least three times more arsine than dimethylarsine was produced in soil incubated with dimethylarsinate. Resting cell suspensions of Pseudomonas and Alcaligenes produced arsine as the sole product when incubated anaerobically in the presence of arsenate or arsenite. In all instances, no trimethylarsine was observed, nor could any evidence be shown for the methylation of any arsenical substrate in soil or in culture. It was concluded that reduction to arsine, not methylation to trimethylarsine, was the primary mechanism for gaseous loss of arsenicals from soil.     

Importance of guanine nitration and hydroxylation in DNA in vitro and in vivo

Guanine (Gua) modification by nitrating and hydroxylating systems was investigated in DNA. In isolated calf thymus DNA, 8-NO(2)-Gua and 8-oxo-Gua were dose-dependently formed with peroxynitrite, and 8-NO(2)-Gua was released in substantial amounts. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) with H(2)O(2) and NO(2)(-) reacted with calf thymus DNA to form 8-NO(2)-Gua dose dependently without release of 8-NO(2)-Gua. The frequency of strand breaks was higher than the sum of 8-NO(2)-Gua and 8-oxo-Gua, particularly in the MPO-treated DNA, indicating the importance of other types of damage. The activation of human neutrophils and lymphocytes with phorbol ester did not induce 8-NO(2)-Gua and 8-oxo-Gua in their nuclear DNA. However, 8-NO(2)-Gua was found in calf thymus DNA co-incubated with activated neutrophils in the presence of NO(2)(-). No significant formation of 8-NO(2)-Gua was found in liver DNA from mice treated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. The incubation of peroxynitrite or MPO-H(2)O(2)-NO(2)(-)-treated DNA with formamidopyrimidine glycosylase (Fpg) released 8-oxo-Gua, but not 8-NO(2)-Gua, indicating that 8-NO(2)-Gua is not a substrate for Fpg. Although 8-NO(2)-Gua was generated in isolated DNA by different nitrating systems, other types of damage were formed in abundance, and the lesion could not be found reliably in nuclear DNA, suggesting that the biological importance is limited.     

Development and comparison of in vivo and in vitro models for endometritis in cows and mares

In order to investigate pathogenic mechanisms of acute endometritis in cows and mares, we established an in vivo model in both species. Based on the results of an in vitro transmigration system, human recombinant interleukin-8 (rhIL-8; 1.25 microg per mare and 5 microg per cow in 50 ml phosphate-buffered saline) was used to attract polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes (PMNs) into the uteri. Peak numbers of uterine neutrophils were attracted after 6h, in both cows and mares. On average, mares responded more sensitively than cows, with 15 times higher numbers of rhIL-8-attracted uterine neutrophils (72+/-8 x 10(7)cells). In contrast to in vitro studies, in vivo migrated neutrophils (uterine neutrophils) of both species displayed a significantly reduced MHC class I expression. Expression of the CD11a molecule was significantly enhanced on equine uterine neutrophils but downregulated on bovine cells. Compared with untreated autologous peripheral neutrophils, both uterine and in vitro migrated neutrophils showed no alteration of phagocytic capacity. The ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) was significantly upregulated in bovine and equine uterine neutrophils. This was also observed after in vitro migration of equine neutrophils, whereas ROS generation by bovine neutrophils was significantly depressed. In summary, the concept of inducing endometritis directly by local application of human interleukin-8 has been reliably successful in cows and mares. The model permits the analysis of PMN migration into the uterus under defined and controlled conditions. The observed differences between cows and mares with respect to phenotypical and functional characteristics of in vivo attracted uterine cells point to species-related features of neutrophil migration. In vitro transmigrated bovine and equine cells partially differ in phenotype and function from uterine neutrophils. Therefore, the in vitro transmigration assay cannot completely represent the in vivo endometritis model described here.     

Biosynthesis of beta-glucuronides of retinol and of retinoic acid in vivo and in vitro

After the intraportal injection of retinol-6,7-(14)C to rats, the O-ether derivative of retinol, retinyl -glucosiduronate, appears in the bile. Both retinoyl -glucuronide and retinyl -glucosiduronate are also synthesized in vitro when washed rat liver microsomes are incubated with uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid (UDPGA) and either retinoic acid or retinol, respectively. The synthesis of retinoyl -glucuronide was also demonstrated in microsomes of the kidney and in particulate fractions of the intestinal mucosa. The glucuronides were characterized by their UV absorption spectra, by their quenching of UV light or fluorescence under it, by their thin-layer chromatographic behavior in two solvent systems, and by the identification of products released during their hydrolysis by -glucuronidase. With retinoic acid as the substrate, the UDP glucuronyl transferase of rat liver microsomes had a pH optimum of 7.0, a temperature optimum of 38 degrees C, and a marked dependence on the concentrations of both retinoic acid and UDPGA, but was unaffected by a number of possible inhibitors, protective agents, and competitive substrates. The conversion of retinal to retinoic acid and the synthesis of retinoyl -glucuronide from retinoic acid could not be detected in whole homogenates, cell fractions, or outer segments of the bovine retina.     

Interactions of cadmium and selenium in rat plasma in vivo and in vitro

⁷⁵Se and ¹⁰⁹Cd tracers were used to study the binding of Se and Cd to plasma proteins at various SeO₃^2? doses and times up to 24 h after the simultaneous subcutaneous administration of SeO₃^2? and CdCl₂ to adult male rats. The simultaneous injection of CdCl₂ and SeO₃^2? markedly increased both Se and Cd plasma levels over that in control animals. Gel permeation chromatography of plasma indicated that at all times up to 24 h Cd and Se were bound in an atomic ratio of approx. 1 : 1 in 330 000 and 130 000 dalton fractions. From 4 to 24 h, Cd and Se appeared in the 420 000 dalton fraction, also with an atomic ratio of approx. 1 : 1. The 330 000 dalton molecules appeared to have a maximal binding capacity for the Cd-Se complex at a concentration of approx. 30 μmol/ml of plasma, while the 130 000 and 420 000 dalton molecules show a higher binding capacity. Studies in vitro revealed that SeO₃^2? does not interact directly with Cd and plasma proteins. It is metabolized by erythrocytes to a form that interacts in an atomic ratio of 1 : 1 with Cd to form a protein-bound complex of 130 000 daltons.     

Activity of native and dextran-modified hyaluronidase in in vitro and in vivo systems

Modified hyaluronidase derivatives have been obtained. Covalent coupling of the enzyme with aldehyde dextran results in 65-85% protein binding to the carrier, residual catalytic activity accounting for 90-100% of the baseline. Modified hyaluronidase is more thermostable than the native enzyme. The data on intravenous drug distribution in the mouse organs are promising and ensure effective use of modified hyaluronidase for the treatment of pulmonary diseases.