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1.
利用RAPD标记评价小豆种质遗传多样性 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
本研究利用10个RAPD引物对180份小豆种质的基因组DNA进行扩增,共扩增出44条带,其中35条具有多态性,比例为79.5%,平均每个引物扩增出3.5条多态性带;平均遗传距离为0.274,变异幅度为0.05-0.60,平均遗传多样性指数为0.692;基于RAPD标记,把180份小豆种质聚类划分为4个组群,该组群的划分与小豆的生态地域性似乎不存在明显的相关性。 相似文献
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本研究利用10个RAPD引物对180份小豆种质的基因组DNA进行扩增,共扩增出44条带,其中35条具有多态性,比例为79.5%,平均每个引物扩增出3.5条多态性带;平均遗传距离为0.274,变异幅度为0.05~0.60,平均遗传多样性指数为0.692;基于RAPD标记,把180份小豆种质聚类划分为4个组群,该组群的划分与小豆的生态地域性似乎不存在明显的相关性. 相似文献
3.
利用SSR标记对来自中国不同省市的76份糯大麦种质的遗传多样性进行分析,并以遗传相似系数为基础进行聚类分析。SSR标记分析表明,50对大麦SSR引物在76份糯大麦中共扩增出203个等位基因,属于高度多态性位点范畴。当遗传相似系数为0.70时可将76个糯大麦品种划分为5个类群,在一定程度上反映了与材料的地理来源和皮裸性。糯大麦资源平均Shan-non多样性指数显示,来自云南和西藏的糯大麦品种遗传多样性略高。SSR标记分析表明,中国糯大麦具有丰富的遗传多样性,对揭示糯大麦的起源与传播以及对资源的有效利用具有现实意义。 相似文献
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本实验对云南省的28份芋种质资源材料进行RAPD分析,从DNA水平反映了云南芋种资源丰富的遗传多样性,同时也筛选出了一批对芋属作物进行研究的较为适宜的RAPD随机引物序列及优化的PCR程序。通过对RAPD扩增位点进行聚类分析,发现以部分植物学性状等背景资料能对聚类结果进行初步的分类,并给予一定合理的解释。 相似文献
5.
应用RAPD技术对8份野生种质和12份栽培种质进行遗传多样性分析,筛选到18个具有多态性扩增的引物.共扩增出128条带。据Nei-Li相似系数将20份材料分别聚为野生种质和栽培种质两大类。5个野生种质聚为野生种质类群,12个栽培种质和3个野生种质聚为栽培种质类群。研究结果表明,RAPD技术用于橡胶树种质资源研究,能够为野生种质优良特性导入栽培种质提供分子水平的参考依据。 相似文献
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利用RAPD和ISSR分子标记分析地黄种质遗传多样性 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
用RAPD与ISSR技术对地黄的8个品种和2个脱毒品系进行了种质遗传多样性分析.分别从80条RAPD引物和44条ISSR引物中筛选出适合地黄种质分析的17条RAPD引物和10条ISSR引物用于RAPD和ISSR分析.17条RAPD引物共扩增出177条带, 多态性位点数为109; 多态性位点比率为61.58%;平均多样性指数(I)为0.3135;每个位点的有效等位基因数(Ne)是1.3641; 10条ISSR引物共扩增出110条带. 多态性位点数为79; 多态性位点比率为71.58%;平均多样性指数(I)为0.3577;每个位点的有效等位基因数(Ne)是1.4037. 基于扩增条带数据库建立了各自的Jaccard遗传相关系数矩阵,构建了相似的分子树状图,将10个供试材料分为2类:一类群含组培85.5、大田85.5、组培9302、大田9302、金状元和金白6个材料;另一类群含北京1号、大红袍、地黄9104和野生地黄4个材料.两种分子标记的分析结果呈极显著正相关(r=0.649).结果表明,RAPD与ISSR标记适合于地黄种质遗传多样性分析,ISSR标记技术是一种多态性和重复性优于RAPD技术的实用技术. 相似文献
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我国部分金莲花种质资源遗传多样性的RAPD研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用RAPD标记对来自不同产地的24份金莲花种质从分子水平开展遗传多样性研究,为综舍评价我国金莲花资源现状及植物资源的合理保护提供参考。结果显示,30条RAPD引物共扩增获得194条清晰可辨条带,其中多态性条带108条,多态性位点百分率为55.67%,金莲花总多样性指数为0.1460,居群内遗传多样性为0.0591,Shannon’s多样性指数为0.2248;通过UPGMA进行聚类分析,将24份金莲花种质划分为3个大类,根据总遗传多样性和居群内遗传多样性计算不同居群间遗传分化系数为0.6902,基因流估计平均值为0.2244。研究结果表明,目前我国金莲花种质资源的遗传多样性指教偏低,应该尽快采取相应措施,对不同金莲花资源进行合理保护。 相似文献
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苜蓿种质资源的分子遗传多样性分析对于种质资源保存和育种利用具有重要指导意义。本研究选用群体标记法对来自甘肃省的16个苜蓿品种的DNA进行RAPD扩增;旨在研究其遗传多样性;并在此基础上筛选品种特异性引物用于进一步的品种鉴定。依据16个苜蓿品种间的Roger’s遗传距离进行UPGMA聚类分析结果显示;品种间亲缘关系与其选育背景紧密相关;供试的16个品种被划为4个类群;其中;匍匐型品种Jindera与其他直立型品种差异显著;自成1个类群;引进品种和甘肃省内具有国外种质来源的育成品种被划为同1类群;而甘肃地方品种聚为2个类群。10个RAPD引物中有4个引物OPE4、OPE5、OPE6和OPE7分别检测到5个品种甘农3号、甘杂27、Jindera、陇东和Algonuin的特异性条带;可进一步用于开发设计特异性引物进行品种鉴定工作。以上结果进一步证实;利用RAPD标记研究苜蓿系谱发育关系和选择杂交亲本应采用群体标记法。 相似文献
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利用RAPD标记分析北美鹅掌楸与鹅掌楸种间遗传多样性 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
利用RAPD标记技术对鹅掌楸属(Liriodendron L.)2个现存种鹅掌楸(Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.)Sarg)和北美鹅掌楸(Liriodendron tulipifera linn.)的遗传多样性进行分析,结果表明:2个种都有较高的遗传多样性,但北美鹅掌楸的遗传多样性水平高于鹅掌楸;鹅掌楸的遗传变异主要来自地理种源内,而北美鹅掌楸的遗传变异主要来自地理种源 相似文献
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采用RAPD标记技术对分布于江苏小九华山、小汤山和湖山,安徽金寨和芜湖以及湖北保康和英山的7个南苍术〔Atractylodes lancea(Thunb.)DC.〕野生居群的28个单株基因组总DNA进行PCR扩增,在此基础上分析居群的遗传多样性及遗传分化,并采用聚类分析法对居群的遗传关系进行分析。结果表明:用18条RAPD引物共扩增出193条带,其中多态性条带111条,多态性条带百分率(PPB)为57.51%;平均每条引物扩增出10.72条带,其中多态性条带6.17条。从省级水平看,安徽居群的PPB、有效等位基因数(Ne)、Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)和Shannon信息指数(I)均最低,而湖北居群的Ne、H和I均最高,但江苏居群的PPB最高;从居群水平看,湖北保康居群的PPB、Ne、H和I均最高,而安徽金寨居群均最低。7个居群的基因分化系数和基因流分别为0.206 5和1.921 5,说明7个居群总遗传变异的20.65%存在于居群间、79.35%存在于居群内。7个居群间的遗传距离为0.150 7~0.252 1,其中,安徽金寨和芜湖居群间最小(0.150 7),江苏湖山和安徽芜湖居群间最大(0.252 1)。基于遗传距离的聚类分析结果表明:7个居群可分为2组,湖北保康居群单独成组,其他6个居群聚为另一组;来自同一居群的单株均聚在一起。研究结果提示:南苍术居群间的遗传多样性较低,居群间无明显的遗传分化。 相似文献
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中国啤酒大麦品种RAPD标记的遗传多样性分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用RAPD技术对中国38个啤酒大麦品种的遗传资源进行了聚类分析。结果表明:从筛选出的28个有多态性的随机引物中,共扩增出153条谱带,其中91条谱带具有多态性,占59.4%。每个引物可扩增出1~8条多态性谱带,平均3.3条。聚类分析表明,在遗传距离GD值0.27水平上38个啤酒大麦品种可聚成两大类,下分5个亚类。品种间遗传距离GD变幅为0.00952~0.37846。RAPD标记揭示出这38个啤酒大麦品种遗传变异较小,遗传基础比较狭窄。 相似文献
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应用RAPD技术对黑龙江省10个分布区17个种群的强壮水螅(Hydrarobusta)进行了遗传多样性分析。从80个随机引物中筛选出19个引物,共扩增出320条带,分子量在0.3~3.0kb,其中多态性带数299个,占93.44%,表现出高度的遗传多样性。17个种群的遗传相似系数(GI)平均值为0.7158,相应的遗传距离(GD)平均值0.3425;分布区内种群间的差异(GD平均值0.1695)小于各分布区间种群间的差异(GD平均值0.3425),各种群间的遗传距离与它们的地理间距基本一致;但虎头种群与其他种群间的相似度明显偏低(GI平均值0.5413,GD平均值0.6161),视为较特化种群。 相似文献
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用RAPD分子标记探讨鹅观草属的种间关系 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
通过34个10碱基随机引物对鹅观草属(RoegneriaC.Koch)26个物种进行PCR扩增,28个引物能产生多态带。在NTSYS程序中,对16个引物扩增的186条扩增产物,计算Jaccard遗传相似系数,建立UPGMA聚类图。结果表明:(1)物种间遗传差异明显,具有丰富的遗传多样性;(2)StY和StYH基因组的物种存在着一定的遗传差异,并各有一定程度的分化,这种分化是与地理位置相联系的。相距越远,物种相似程度越低;(3)形态差异较小,基因组同源,地理分布一致的物种聚类在一起,表现出较密切的亲缘关系;(4)无芒类群的R.alashanicaKeng和R.magnicaespes(D.F.Cui)L.B.Cai与其余分析的24个Roegneria物种存在着极大的遗传差异;(5)分布于西亚的R.caucasicaC.Koch.与分布于东亚和中亚的物种存在着较大的RAPD变异,亲缘关系较远;(6)在对R.ciliaris(Trin)Nevski和R.japonensis(Honda)Keng、R.tenuispicaJ.L.YangetY.H.Zhou和R.pendulinaNevski、R.tsukushiensis(Honda)Ohwi和R.kamojiOhwi等的分类处理上,基本上与形态学和细胞学的研究结果一致。对RAPD标记在Roegneria系统分类研究中的应用进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Michel Pélandakis Shiv S Kaundun Johan F De Jonckheere Pierre Pernin 《FEMS microbiology letters》1997,151(1):31-39
Thirty-one Naegleria fowleri strains from different continents were studied by using the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Five primers among the 40 examined generated eight RAPD variants corresponding partially to their geographic origin. Four characteristic variants are detected in Oceania. The four remaining ones are present in Europe, two of which are observed on other continents. One European variant is found to exhibit similarities with strains from Oceania. The genetic diversity found in Europe and Oceania as well as the existence of ubiquitous RAPD variants bring new insights about the dispersion of N. fowleri throughout the world. 相似文献
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To assess the relationships among 26 species in Roegneria C. Koch, 34 random decamer primers were screened for RAPD fragments. 28 primers produced polymorphic RAPD products. Data from 16 primers were used for RAPD assay. By NTSYS-pc program, Jaccard' s genetic similarity coefficients were generated and dendrogram was constructed using UPGMA. It is concluded as follows: (1) Distinct genetic differences and extensive genetic diversity were present among the species. (2) There were some genetic differences between StY and StYH genomes, and StY and StYH had a certain degree of differentiations respectively which were related to geographic regions, the farther the geographic distribution between species, the less the similarity to each other. (3) When different accessions in a species, such as species with similar morphological characters, homologous genomes and similar geographic distribution, were clustered together respectively, it suggusted that they had closer relationships. (4) The awnless species R. alashanica Keng and R. magnicaespes (D. F. Cui) L. B. Cai, in Roegneria, were separated from the other species analysed in this study, indicating that these two species had intensive genetic differences from the others. (5) R. caucasica C. Koch, a species from Western Asia, was quite different from the other species contained StY genomes in Roegneria from Eastern Asia and Central Asia. (6) The results were in consistance with that of the analysis of morphology and chromosome pairing in the taxonomic treatments for R. ciliaris (Trin) Nevski and R. japonensis (Honda) Keng, R. tenuispica J. L. Yang et Y. H. Zhou and R. pendulina Nevski, and R. tsukushiensis (Honda) Ohwi and R. kamoji Ohwi. The present study discussed the usefulness of RAPD markers in the systematic study of Roegneria. 相似文献
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采用RAMP(Random amplified microsatellite polymorphism)对原产于42个国家的84份红花材料进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,被测材料间RAMP标记多态性较高。16个引物组合所产生的122条DNA扩增片段中,有118条具有多态性,PPB为96.7%。PIC的变化范围为0.580~0.978,平均值0.874。每个引物可扩增出4~11个DNA片段,平均获得7.6个DNA片断,其中7.4个具有多态性,遗传相似系数(GS)的变化范围0.338~0.907,平均值为0.665。基于GS的聚类结果可以将所有84份材料完全分开,并划分为6类,聚类结果与材料的地理分布有一定关系,来源于亚洲和美洲的材料多样性相对比较丰富,所有来自中国的材料被聚为一大类。据此认为,红花种质资源在分子水平上确实存在较大遗传差异,RAMP分子标记是评价红花资源遗传多样性的有效方法。 相似文献
18.
Sun G.L. William M. Liu J. Kasha K.J. Pauls K.P. 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2001,7(1):13-24
Random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite markers were used to estimate the genetic relationships among 37 Ontario corn hybrids. Almost all (95%) of the 160 RAPD fragments and all of the 79 microsatellite alleles were polymorphic across the 37 hybrids. Similarity values among the hybrids ranged from 31% to 86% when based on the RAPD data. The similarities based on microsatellite markers ranged from 12% to 77%. The genetic diversity revealed by microsatellite marker analysis was higher than that obtained from RAPD analysis. The similarity matrices for the microsatellite data and the RAPD data were moderately correlated (0.43). Cluster analyses based on either type of marker showed that most of the hybrids from the same company were closely related to each other. Both dendrograms clustered similar pairs or groups of hybrids. A principal component analysis, based on the combined RAPD and microsatellite data, yielded a good separation of the hybrids with Ontario Corn Heat Unit (OCHU) values <2800 from those with OCHU values >2800. Seventeen RAPD markers and 5 microsatellite markers were significantly associated with the OCHU ratings of the hybrids. 相似文献
19.
Cuiju Cui Yan Li Yanling Liu Xiaojie Li Shiju Luo Zhuangzhi Zhang Ruina Wu Guangjin Liang Juan Sun Jie Peng Pingping Tian 《Comptes rendus biologies》2017,340(2):76-86
Various species of genus Saccharina are economically important brown macroalgae cultivated in China. The genetic background of the conserved Saccharina germplasm was not clear. In this report, DNA-based molecular markers such as inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) were used to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among 48 Saccharina germplasms. A total of 50 ISSR and 50 RAPD primers were tested, of which only 33 polymorphic primers (17 ISSR and 16 RAPD) had an amplified clear and reproducible profile, and could be used. Seventeen ISSR primers yielded a total of 262 bands, of which 256 were polymorphic, and 15.06 polymorphic bands per primer were amplified from 48 kelp gametophytes. Sixteen RAPD primers produced 355 bands, of which 352 were polymorphic, and 22 polymorphic bands per primer were observed across 48 individuals. The simple matching coefficient of ISSR, RAPD and pooled ISSR and RAPD dendrograms ranged from 0.568 to 0.885, 0.670 to 0.873, and 0.667 to 0.862, revealing high genetic diversity. Based on the unweighted pair group method with the arithmetic averaging algorithm (UPGMA) cluster analysis and the principal components analysis (PCA) of ISSR data, the 48 gametophytes were divided into three main groups. The Mantel test revealed a similar polymorphism distribution pattern between ISSR and RAPD markers, the correlation coefficient r was 0.62, and the results indicated that both ISSR and RAPD markers were effective to assess the selected gametophytes, while matrix correlation of the ISSR marker system (r = 0.78) was better than that of the RAPD marker system (r = 0.64). Genetic analysis data from this study were helpful in understanding the genetic relationships among the selected 17 kelp varieties (or lines) and provided guidance for molecular-assisted selection for parental gametophytes of hybrid kelp breeding. 相似文献