915. HIERACIUM TOMENTOSUM

Hieracium tomentosum L. (Compositae: Lactuceae: Hieraciinae) is illustrated and described, the account of the species providing a fairly full synonymy, reference to types and the complication of grexes indicated. Frequently appearing under the name of Hieracium lanatum (L.) Vill., issues with the historical naming of this species are highlighted, together with those of naming many of the European hieracia. The species has been in cultivation in the British Isles for just short of three hundred years, and is apparently only currently available from three suppliers. Cultivation and propagation requirements are discussed. The artist of the plate and the figure, Gustavo Surlo, is the youngest Margaret Mee Fellowship Programme Artist Scholar to have illustrated in Curtis's Botanical Magazine. Having won the Artist Scholarship for 2018, this is his first plate in the Magazine.     

918. HAPLOPAPPUS PAUCIDENTATUS

Haplopappus paucidentatus Phil. (Compositae: Astereae: Machaerantherinae) is described and illustrated in colour and with a black and white text figure. Cultivation and propagation are discussed, most stocks better maintained using cuttings or layering. It is not apparently available commercially, but could be searched for under the ‘catch all’ name of H. glutinosus. Haplopappus Cass. is now recognized as a South American genus, considerably smaller than originally conceived by Hall in his major revision. It consists of 56 species in three subgenera, the largest, subgenus Haplopappus, contains 2 sections, section Haplopappus containing H. paucidentatus and H. glutinosus Cass. within which it has been included in several treatments.     

916. DORONICUM CAUCASICUM

Doronicum caucasicum M. Bieb. (Compositae: Senecioneae) is described and illustrated for the second time in the history of Curtis's Botanical Magazine. Critical examination and reading of the works in which the protologues were published has led to the conclusion that D. caucasicum was published earlier than D. orientale Hoffm., but it is highly likely that the two names were based on the same Adams collection that Adams had annotated as Doronicum orientale. The possibility of Doronicum L. being the sole genus in the recently proposed tribe Doroniceae Panero is discussed. The lack of any present infrageneric classification is commented upon, but this is probably due to insufficient characters in the multivariate analyses used, and where the limits are drawn in molecular analyses. Cultivation and propagation guidelines for the species are provided and currently availability of cultivars is outlined, as are likely pests and diseases.     

946. VERONICA PEDUNCULARIS

Veronica peduncularis M. Bieb. (Plantaginaceae: Veroniceae) is illustrated and described. A short discussion is provided as to the family affiliations of Veronica, with the proposal that, at least in this article, it is considered to belong to the Plantaginaceae. The infrageneric placement of this taxon is also discussed, but with a commentary suggesting dubious results in an earlier molecular study; its placement in Veronica L. subgenus Pentasepalae (Benth.) M.M.Mart. Ort. & Albach & M.A. Fisch. is commented upon. The species belongs in Veronica subsection Petraea Benth. A full synonymy is provided, together with citation of types, and relevant discussion and notes cover the issues with naming this plant and location of type material. Cultivation and propagation guidelines for the species are provided and current availability of cultivars is outlined.     

775. ANEMONE PULSATILLA

Anemone pulsatilla, the pasque flower , is described and illustrated. Details of its distribution, relationships and studies on conservation requirements in England are presented. Cultivation and propagation are discussed.     

920. CONSTANCEA NEVINII

Constancea nevinii (A. Gray) B.G. Baldwin (Compositae: Heliantheae: Baeriinae) is described and illustrated. The distribution of the species in, and a glimpse at the history and endemic flora of, the California Channel Islands (also known as the Santa Barbara Islands), together with the conservation threats posed by feral goats, is outlined. The historically variable Conservation Status is commented on, although the species is no longer considered under threat of extinction. The position of this monotypic genus in the Heliantheae is commented on. Cultivation, propagation, and availability notes are provided. The species is rarely cultivated in the United Kingdom, but clearly widely so in the western States along the Californian coast.     

Taxonomic notes on Calymperes II

Abstract

Calymperes dozyanum Mitt. is recognized as a misapplied name. It is proposed that the taxon described under this name by Fleischer (1904) should be known by its earliest valid combination, Calymperes boulayi Besch., and that C. dozyanum Mitt. should become a synonym of C. moluccense Schwaegr.

The features that distinguish the hitherto confused species C. boulayi [= C. dozyanum sensu Fleischer] and C. graeffeanum are outlined and the nomenclature revised. Calymperes hispidum Ren. & Cardot and a form of this species superficially resembling C. graeffeanum are described.     

Nomenclature of the promising biomass coppice willows,Salix x sericans Tausch ex Kern., Salix dasyclados Wimm. and Salix ‘Aquatica Gigantea’

Summary

Some promising biomass clones traded in Great Britain as Salix x smithiana Willd. (S. viminalis x S. cinerea) are in fact S. x sericans Tausch ex Kern. (S. viminalis x S. caprea) but the major problem discussed is that two distinct willows are masquerading under the same name, S. dasyclados. To avoid confusion it is suggested that S. x dasyclados Wimmer is retained for the hybrid (2n = 57), a female clone and formerly a notable Dutch and English basket willow, whereas for S. dasyclados Skvortsov non Wimmer, a species ranging from the Baltic to Siberia with 2n = 76, the name S. burjatica Nasarov, as suggested by Chmelar, is preferred. The willows distributed and designated Salix aquatica Gigantea by the Danish willows specialist Jensen, which formed the basis of many early biomass trials, are regarded at present as selections of, or very similar to, S. burjatica Nasarov (S. dasyclados sensu Skvortsov non Wimmer). In addition to a higher level of ploidy, they are visually distinguishable from S. x dasyclados Wimm. by their wider and longer leaves, persistent stipules and the existence of male forms.     

On subspecific taxa ofHypericum empetrifolium (Hypericaceae) from Crete

The morphology, altitudinal distribution and phytocoenology ofHypericum empetrifolium Willd., var.oliganthum Rech. fil. and var.tortuosum Rech. fil. are reassessed and as a result, the taxa are treated at subspecific rank. Essential characters proved to be growth form, number of flowers, foliage and epidermal surface characters, shape of seeds and testa sculpturing.The different growth forms can be interpreted as adaptations to the local habitats.Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. subsp.empetrifolium is a low subshrub of various vegetation types known as phrygana whereasHypericum empetrifolium Willd. subsp.oliganthum (Rech. f.)Hagemann grows as a cushion-like dwarf shrub in chasmophyte associations rich in relic species.Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. subsp.tortuosum (Rech. f.)Hagemann is confined in the high mountain regions and grows as a true dwarf espalier shrub with low spreading shoots.Dedicated to Hofrat Univ.-Prof. DrK. H. Rechinger on the occasion of his 80th birthday.     

Un antico relitto atlantico ai piedi delle Alpi Apuane: Trichomanes speciosum Willd., entità nuova per la flora italiana

Abstract

An Atlantic relict on the Apuan Alps: Trichomanes speciosum Willd., new to Italy.—In Versilia, at the foot of the Apuan Alps, has been found the fern Trichomanes speciosum Willd., new genus for the Italian flora and old relict witness, like Hymenophyllum tunbrigense (L.) Smith, of an Atlantic climate which still persists in deep valleys, dug on paleozoic quartz schists, on the tirrenic coast of the Apuan Alps.     

The ecology of lampreys (Petromyzonidae) in the Loch Lomond area

All three lamprey species occurring in western Europe are found in the Loch Lomond area: Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus L., River Lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis (L.) and Brook Lamprey Lampetra planeri (Bloch). There are major differences in ecology among the three species and in each some features seem to be unique to the Lomond populations. Available data on the ecology of the three species in the area are presented and existing threats reviewed. Future research and conservation requirements are outlined.     

A morphometric study of Armeria canescens aggr. (Plumbaginaceae) in the Italian Peninsula

Armeria Willd. is a genus of diploid, self-incompatible plants with weak internal reproductive barriers, in which hybridisation and introgression play a fundamental role and are partly responsible for patterns of variation. One of the most critical groups in Italy comprises Armeria canescens (Host) Ebel and Armeriamajellensis Boiss., species living in grasslands and pastures of central and southern Apennines. The taxonomic status of A. majellensis is not clear: for some authors it must be considered as a species endemic to Italy, but according to others it must be included in A. canescens because of their poor morphological separation. With the aim of clarifying the real status of A. majellensis and its relationship with A. canescens, we performed a morphometric study using materials coming from field collections throughout their Italian distribution area, herbarium specimens and samples coming from the loci classici of the species. The morphometric multivariate analyses showed that there are no significant differences in morphology among the Italian sampled populations referable to A. canescens/A. majellensis and so they should be referred to the same biological entity. The priority name for the A. canescens/A. majellensis complex, at the specific level, is A. canescens.     

Name changes and additions to the southern African freshwater fish fauna

Changes made to the scientific names of southern African freshwater fishes since 2001 are explained and discussed. Adjustments to the phylogeny and classification of the fauna are outlined. Recent systematic studies on cyprinines are discussed and changes to the genera Labeobarbus (expanded concept), Pseudobarbus (expanded concept), and Enteromius are supported. The introduction of the family names Alestidae and Nothobranchiidae is discussed. Adjustments made to the genera Nannocharax, Micropanchax, Tilapia, Coptodon and Mastacembelus are explained. Species name changes for Hepsetus and Zaireichthys are detailed. New species described from the region, or resurrected from synonymy, since 2001 are listed.     

海南植物新资料(Ⅲ)

报道了海南植物区系新记录4种,分别为兜唇带叶兰[Taeniophyllum pusillum(Willd.)Seidenf.Ormerod]、灰背清风藤(Sabia discolor Dunn)、长脉清风藤(S.nervosa Chun ex Y.F.Wu)及茴香砂仁[Etlingera yunnanensis(T.L.WuS.J.Chen)R.M.Smith]。     

II gruppo Aristolochia pallida nell'Italia nordorientale

Abstract

The Aristolochia pallida group in the north-eastern Italy. The Aristolochia pallida group includes two closely related species: A. pallida Willd. and A. lutea Desf. For each species, a biometrical-morphological analysis on selected characters and critical notes are given. The distribution of both species in the north-eastern Italy is also defined.     

A REAPPRAISAL OF THE SUBGENUS GLYCINE

The genus Glycine Willd. is divided into three subgenera, Glycine Willd., Soja (Moench) F. J. Herm., and Bracteata Verdc. Six species are currently recognized in the subgenus Glycine: G. canescens F. J. Herm., G. clandestina Willd., G. falcata Benth., G. latrobeana (Meissn.) Benth., G. tabacina (Labill.) Benth., and G. tomentella Hayata. Distribution of the subgenus extends from south China to Tasmania and includes several Pacific islands. A collection of these species was examined cytologically and morphologically in an attempt to evaluate existing variability between and within taxa. Chromosome counts confirmed G. canescens, G. clandestina and G. falcata to be diploid with 2n = 40. Both tetraploids (2n = 80) and diploids were found in G. tabacina, the latter restricted to Australia. Glycine tomentella accessions were primarily tetraploid, but several collections from New South Wales, Australia, were found to be aneuploid with 78 chromosomes. One collection was aneuploid at the diploid level with 38 chromosomes. Meiosis appeared normal in the aneuploids with regular bivalent formation. Several accessions previously identified as G. tomentella were diploid. Seed of G. latrobeana was not available for analysis. Numerical techniques in the form of cluster analysis and principal components analysis were applied to morphological data on vegetative and inflorescence characters obtained from each collection. Numerical analysis grouped the accessions essentially according to current species delimitations with some exceptions. Glycine tabacina specimens from Taiwan approached G. clandestina in several characteristics. The diploid G. tomentella specimens formed a separate cluster and appeared morphologically distinct from the remaining taxa.     

Spartina Juncea Willd. nuova specie per la Sardegna

Abstract

SPARTINA JUNCEA WILLD.: A NEW SPECIES FOR SARDINIA. — The Author remarks the presence of a new species for Sardinia: Spartina juncea Willd at the month of Calich pool (Alghero) and on the neighbouring littoral, in a place reflecting its known edaphic necessities « sea dump sands and saltish marshes ».     

A new combination involving Lithyphantes lepidus Cambridge 1897 and a new name for Teutana lepida Cambridge 1903 (Araneae,Theridiidae)

Abstract

O.P. Cambridge described a New Zealand theridiid as Lithyphantes lepidus (1897, Proceedings of the Zoological Society London: 681–703) and a South African theridiid from CapeTown as Teutana lepida (1903, Annals of the South African Museum 3 (5): 143–166). Since then Levi (1957, Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 117: 367–424) has recognised both Lithyphantes Simon 1881 and Teutana Thorell 1869 as junior synonyms of Steatoda Sundevall 1883. Following this the earlier described L. lepidus becomes Steatoda lepida new combination. As the name S. lepida is thus unavailable T. lepida requires a new name. I hereby provide the name Steatoda capensis nomen novum to replace Teutana lepida Cambridge. This name recognises the origin of the spider, that is Cape Town, South Africa.     

Taxonomic, nomenclatural and chorological notes on several taxa of the genus Echinodorus (Alismataceae)

Taxonomic, nomenclatural and chorological notes on several taxa of the genus Echinodorus are given. A new species E. maculatus is described. The name Alisma intermedium (basionym of the name E. intermedius) is lectotypified. Echinodorus major and E. martii should be treated as two distinct taxa. The name E. xinguensis was invalidly published. It is also confirmed that E. africanus, E. veronikae and E. viridis (all belonging to the E. uruguayensis group) do not originate from Africa. The name E. bleherae should be written with a female suffix (-ae); this name is considered here as a synonym of the earlier name E. grisebachii.