柑桔红蜘蛛发生规律及综合防治

柑桔红蜘蛛(PanonychuscitriMcGregor)又称桔全爪螨,属蛛形纲,蜱螨亚目,叶螨科。自80年代以来,由于生态失衡,抗药性等原因,红蜘蛛成为柑桔主要害虫之一。其成螨、若螨和幼螨均为害柑桔的叶片、绿色枝梢及果实,尤以叶片受害最重,被害叶片失去光泽,严重时大量落叶,影响树势和产量。为了经济、安全、有效地控制红蜘蛛的猖獗为害,从1988年以来,我站承担“柑桔病虫综合防治”项目,对红蜘蛛发生规律及综合防治进行了调查研究,并总结出相应的综合防治措施。1发生规律柑桔红蜘蛛在我县年发生20余代,周年可见,世代重叠,冬季无滞育现象。行两性生殖,…     

梨网蝽的发生及防治

<正> 梨网蝽Stephanitis nashi Esaki et Takeya又名梨花网蝽,属半翅目,网蝽科。由于发生规律不明,防治抓不住关键,近年来苏北黄河故道果区发生为害较重。1986～1988年我们对其发生和防治进行了研究。 一、发生与为害 梨网蝽在本区普遍发生,主要为害苹果、梨、山楂、桃、杏、樱桃、海棠等蔷薇科落叶果树,其中苹果受害尤重。据在淮阴县果林场调查,重害园苹果树干翘皮内平均每平方厘米有越冬成虫5～10头,单株树干根际枯草落叶下虫量可达数千头。生长期间,100叶一般有虫20～30头,多达千头以上。4～11月发生,7～8月为     

枇杷害虫发生与防治技术研究

调查研究结果表明,福建枇杷发生常见害虫约35种。叶部主要害虫有枇杷瘤蛾、苹掌舟蛾,在6-8月份发生为害叶片;果实主要害虫有燕灰蝶、长卷蛾,在3-5月份发生为害果实。研究应用90％万灵WP和10％吡虫灵WP防治低龄瘤蛾幼虫,效果分别为92.61％和90.34％;采用喷5％齐螨素结合套袋（牛皮纸）保果能有效控制果蛀虫的为害,防效为96.5％。     

稻瘿蚊药剂防治试验

近年来我省稻瘿蚊发生为害比较严重,为了找寻较好的药剂,提高药剂防治的效果,1975年以来,我组和从化县农科所,从化县温泉、棋干公社农科站等单位协作,并得到当地有关生产队科技组的大力支持,对稻瘿蚊进行了药效试验。1976年并提供部分新药剂在我院花县三华基点进行防治稻瘿蚊试验。     

再生稻稻瘿蚊发生动态及对产量的影响

再生稻是利用收割后稻桩上存活的腋芽 (又称潜伏芽、再生芽 ) ,经培育萌发生长成的一季稻。稻桩 (又称母茎 )腋芽再生率及成穗率的高低 ,对再生稻的产量有着极显著正相关 [1 ] 。如果母茎节上腋芽受稻瘿蚊 ( Pachydiplosis oryzae Wood- Mason)为害 ,就明显减少再生芽的成穗率。笔者 1 998- 2 0 0 0年在推广稻瘿蚊综合治理技术 (改制技术 )及发生动态监测中 ,对再生稻稻瘿蚊的发生动态及对产量影响作专题探讨。1　材料与方法在稻瘿蚊综合治理技术推广连片改制示范区 ,设早稻——再生稻改制技术与双季连作水稻栽培的比较试验。早稻——再生…     

大青叶蝉在新疆阿勒泰发生为害调查及防治

对新疆阿勒泰地区大青叶蝉Cicadella viridis(L.)的发生为害进行了调查。该害虫在阿勒泰地区1年发生2代,以卵在杨树、柳树等树干和枝条表皮内越冬。成虫5月上旬羽化后一直到9月下旬在林间草地为害,8月下旬或9月上旬雌成虫在产卵过程严重危害树皮,尤其对人工幼林、新造林和苗圃危害非常严重。目前大青叶蝉在当地每年发生面积达1万hm2。为尽快控制其为害,提出了防治建议。     

化州市近十年稻飞虱重发原因浅析及防治对策

稻飞虱是造成水稻大面积减产甚至绝收的一类重要迁飞性害虫。为了改善和提高稻飞虱的监控技术水平,对广东省化州市历年稻飞虱测报资料进行总结分析。所得结果表明,近10年稻飞虱表现出明显的新特点:发生期显著提早;次害代发生重,重发世代增多;暴发频率加快,对水稻为害进一步加剧。剖析其原因,主要是气候有利、种植方式改变、抗药性增强和防治不当等。总结提出了调整防治策略,加强虫情测报和农业防治,选用正确药剂,改进施药方法等防治对策。     

苹果密蛎蚧在枇杷上的发生和防治技术研究

苹果密蛎蚧Mytilaspisconchiformioides（Borchsenius）隶属于同翅目盾蚧科,是枇杷上的主要害虫之一。枇杷树体受到苹果密蛎蚧为害后,引起落叶,甚至抽发不出新梢和枝条而枯死,严重影响树势和产量。为了控制苹果密蛎蚧在枇杷上的发生和为害,1989～1993年作者对苹果密蛎蚧的生物学特性和防治技术进行了观察和研究。1田间发生和为害在太湖洞庭山调查的结果表明,东山枇杷栽培区苹果密蛎蚧发生占62．9％,西山枇杷栽培区苹果密蛎蚧发生占57．6％。苹果密蛎蚧主要寄生于叶梢和一、二年生枝条的缝隙里,部分寄生于当年叶片上。据作者观察,…     

黄色小长椿在美国籽粒苋上的发生及防治

黄色小长蝽除危害苋科外,还危害菊科,禾本科等作物,该虫在嘉兴１年发生４－５代,夏季高温,成虫寿命长,若虫、卵历期短,世代重叠,为害重;秋季转凉,若虫、卵历期长,为害轻。防治上采用农业与药剂防治相结合,效果良好。     

楝科植物油及种核粉抽提物对稻瘿蚊产卵忌避作用及防治试验

稻瘿蚊Orseolia oryzae发生世代亟叠,复杂,为害严重,是我国华南地区及东南亚水稻产区的重要害虫。近几年来,我们应用楝科等杀虫植物进行了防治试验,本文主要报道楝科种子油及其抽提物引起产卵稻瘿蚊忌避反应及防治效果。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.