似动蜉属一新种记述(蜉蝣目:扁蚴蜉科)

本文记述在江苏宜兴山区采集的似动蜉属Cinygmina一新种,连同我们于1981年发表过的该属斜纹似动蜉Cinygmina obliquistriata和红斑似动蜉Cinygmina rubromaculata两个种,共计我国已知该属有三种。兹将该新种的形态特征记述如下:     

中国似动蜉属及一新种记述 （蜉蝣目：扁蜉科）

似动蜉属Cinygmina是我国常见扁蜉科类群,分布广泛。本文对该属我国已知4种（湖南似动蜉C. hunanensis,斜纹似动蜉C. obliquistrita,红斑似动蜉C. rubromaculata,宜兴似动蜉C. yixingensis)和一新种（叉似动蜉Cinygmina furcata sp. Nov.）的鉴别特征作了对比和图示,并确认海南似动蜉C. hainanensis是红斑似动蜉C. rubromaculata的同物异名(新异名)。     

中国蜉蝣一新属新种(蜉蝣目:河花蜉科)

河花蜉科(Potamanthidae)目前在全世界已报道了6属31种,其中在我国发现的有似河花蜉属Potamanthodes新似河花蜉属Neopotamanthodes和Rhoenanthopsis属共3属9种。作者从1982—1984年采自秦岭,大别山的标本中发现一新属新种。因为蜉蝣具有独特的变态类型(原变态),目前把成虫、亚成虫和成熟稚虫以及卵的特征用于分类已成为世界蜉蝣分类研究的趋势。而在国内由于此项工作起步很晚,以前的分类大多只限于对成虫或亚成虫的单一描述。本文则对新属新种的各虫态都进行了记述。     

似溪蜉属的分类和两新种(蜉蝣目:溪蜉科)

似溪蜉属(Potamanthodes),世界各地报道不多。在欧洲和北美,溪蜉属(Potamanthus)广泛分布,但未见似溪蜉属的记载。在东南亚该属亦少见报道。该属目前已知有五种,包括本文描述的两种。1892年英国人Eaton首先报道了台湾似溪蜉(P.formosus),分布在我国浙江、台湾、广东、云南等省和日本,印尼等地。1930年作者之一报道了分布在江西上饶、丰城、景钲、饶州和1934年在广西姚山等地的广西似溪蜉(P.kwangsiensis)。1940年日人今西锦司(Imanishi)在日本京都发现加茂川似溪蜉(P.kamonis)。1978年8月     

我国大陆细蜉属Caenis 修订及一新种描述(蜉蝣目:细蜉科)

我国大陆细蜉属Caenis共知5种,其中短铗细蜉Caenis parviforcipis(Zhou et al.)n．comb．由短尾蜉属Brachycercus转移而来;中华细蜉Caenis sinensis Gui et al．稚虫形态在本文中首次描述;另外从标本来看,已知的黑铗细蜉Caenis nigroforceps Zhou et al．实际为近岸细蜉Caenis rivulorum Eaton的新异名;本文描述1新种：花斑细蜉Caenis melanoleuca,sp．nov．;第5种黑点细蜉Caenis nigropunctata Klapalek也根据标本得到了确认。文中还给出了以上5种成虫和4种稚虫的检索表。所有标本都保存在南京师范大学生命科学学院。     

长白山区小蜉科(蜉蝣目)稚虫新记录种、亚种检索

世界上现已知小蟀科有22属190余种,我国目前仅正式报道过该科的6属15种[1]。小蜉科稚虫多生活在石质河床的清冷流水体中,常可用来监测和指示河流的水质状况。作者1984年至1995年在吉林省长白山区共采集到小蜉科的稚虫标本上千头,经鉴定发现中国新记录13种及1亚种,隶属带助蜉属Cincticostella（2种）、弯握蜉属Drunella（5种及1亚种）、小蜉属Ephemerella（4种）、锯形蜉属Serratella（1种）、天角蜉属Uracanthella（1种）[2～4]。兹列出这些稚虫的属和种检索表。小蜉科新记录种及亚种稚虫形态特征检索表la前足腿节的前缘有齿状突起,…     

小蜉属小蜉亚属一新种：蜉蝣目：小蜉科

本文记述小蜉属小蜉亚属 subgenus Ephemerella Walsh 一新种,小蜉亚属种类多,全世界已知有40种左右,广布于北美、苏联、日本等国,但中国尚未发现,因此本文也是小蜉亚属在中国的首次报道。     

中国蜉蝣属两异名及一新种记述(蜉蝣目,蜉蝣科)

我国大陆蜉蝣科蜉蝣属Ephemera中的张家界蜉E．zhangjiajiensis Zhang,Gui et You,1995实际是绢蜉E．serica Eaton。1871的同物异名(新异名),湖南蜉E．hunanensis Zhang,Gui et You,1995是梧州蜉E．wuchowensis Hsu,1938的异名(新异名)。本文还报道1新种——红斑蜉Ephemera rufomaculata sp．nov．的成熟稚虫和成虫。本种成虫腹部为棕红色,腹部背板1～2节具大面积的色块,腹部3～9节背板各具3对黑色纵纹,雄性外生殖器具发达的阳端突以及阳茎端部明显向后突出而十分独特,极易与已知种区分。本种稚虫因具有与成虫相似的腹部背板斑纹以及较小的上颚突起也易识别。     

小蜉属一新种记述(蜉蝣目:小蜉科)

小蜉属 Ephemeterella种类多,分布广,全世界目前已知有13个亚属,近120种,我国迄今共发表过8个种。 本文记述采自云南的小蜉属锯蜉亚属 Serratella一新种:景洪小蜉 Ephemerella(Serratella) jingongensis。该亚属在亚洲过去共报道过5种:Ephemerella (Serratella) nigromacrlata Xu et al., Ephemerella(S.)tianmushanensis Xu et al., Ephemerella(S.) setigera Bojkova,Ephemerella(S.)chinoi Gose, Ephemerella(S.) rufa Imanishi。     

中国香港细蜉属三新种记述(蜉蝣目:细蜉科)

记述了采自中国香港的细蜉科Caenidae,细蜉属Caenis3新种：点刻细蜉Caenis aspera sp.nov.、双突细蜉Caenis bicornis sp.nov.和光滑细蜉Caenis lubrica sp.nov.。模式标本均保存在中国广州华南农业大学昆虫学系昆虫标本室。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Mink Circovirus Can Infect Minks,Foxes and Raccoon Dogs

正Dear Editor,Mink circovirus (MiCV), which is clustered in the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, was first described in minks from farms in Dalian, China in 2013 (Lian et al.2014). The complete single-stranded circular genome of the virus is 1,753 nucleotides long and contains two major open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 (Rep gene)and ORF2 (Cap gene)(Lian et al. 2014; Ge et al. 2018).Sequence analysis has shown that MiCV is most closely     

CypA Regulates AIP4-Mediated M1 Ubiquitination of Influenza A Virus

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that interacts with the matrix protein (M1) of influenza A virus (IAV) and restricts virus replication by regulating the ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. However,the mechanism by which CypA regulates M1 ubiquitination remains unknown. In this study, we reported that E3 ubiquitin ligase AIP4 promoted K48-linked ubiquitination of M1 at K102 and K104, and accelerated ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. The recombinant IAV with mutant M1 (K102 R/K104 R) could not be rescued, suggesting that the ubiquitination of M1 at K102/K104 was essential for IAV replication. Furthermore, CypA inhibited AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination by impairing the interaction between AIP4 and M1. More importantly, both the mutations of M1 (K102 R/K104 R) and CypA inhibited the nuclear export of M1, indicating that CypA regulates the cellular localization of M1 via inhibition of AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination at K102 and K104, which results in the reduced replication of IAV.Collectively, our findings reveal a novel ubiquitination-based mechanism by which CypA regulates the replication of IAV.