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黄病毒属病毒是单股正链RNA病毒,病毒基因组编码至少三种结构蛋白(衣壳蛋白C、膜蛋白M和包膜蛋白E)和七种非结构蛋白。其中E蛋白是病毒的重要抗原成分,包含有中和抗原表位和型特异性抗原表位,决定了病毒的细胞嗜性和毒力,与病毒的吸附、穿入、致病等作用密切相关,并且具有血凝活性,能刺激机体产生中和抗体和血凝抑制抗体。研究E蛋白的结构与功能对于深入了解黄病毒致病机制和免疫应答特点,研发疫苗和特异性抗病毒药物均有重要的指导意义。为此,综述了近年来黄病毒E蛋白有关结构与功能的研究进展及其生物学意义。 相似文献
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RNA复制子是一种能自主复制的RNA载体,保留了病毒非结构蛋白(复制/转录酶)基因,而结构蛋白基因缺失或由外源抗原基因替代,复制/转录酶可控制载体RNA在细胞质中高水平复制以及外源基因的高水平表达。在黄病毒属病毒感染性克隆基础上,其复制子载体得到了成功的构建。黄病毒属病毒复制子为病毒基因组结构功能研究、表达载体构建、假病毒包装及新型疫苗制备等提供了新的技术平台。本文综述黄病毒属病毒复制子的构建原理、方法及应用。 相似文献
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先天免疫因子Viperin是一种功能与内质网相关的抗病毒蛋白,可被干扰素、多种病毒、细菌脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharides,LPS)和poly(I:C)等诱导表达。Viperin通过与病毒蛋白和某些细胞内蛋白的相互作用抑制病毒增殖,具有广谱抗病毒活性。在与宿主相互作用的长期进化过程中,某些病毒能够抑制细胞内Viperin的表达,逃逸其抗病毒功能。除抗病毒作用外,Viperin还具有其他一些生物学功能。近年来有关Viperin的研究,特别是在其抗病毒机理方面,进展较快,本文结合自身研究体会,就其基本特性和研究状况做一介绍。 相似文献
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虫媒黄病毒嵌合疫苗研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
黄病毒科黄病毒属包括70多种病毒,分为几种抗原复合组,大多数黄病毒为节肢动物传播的,其中40%以上的病毒对人有致病性,最重要的疾病有登革热/登革出血热(DEN/DHF),日本脑炎(乙型脑炎,JE),黄热(YF),西尼罗热(WNF)和璧虱传播脑炎(森林脑炎,TBE)等.登革热每年约有数千万至1亿病人,数十万人发生严重的登革出血热.乙脑每年约发生4~5万病例,病死率25%,45%的患者发生神经学或生理学上的后遗症.当前对黄热病已有减毒活疫苗,对登革热还没有疫苗,对乙脑已有鼠脑和地鼠肾细胞灭活疫苗和减毒活疫苗,对璧虱脑炎已有灭活疫苗,但各种疫苗都还存在一定的不足,有必要进一步改进和提高. 相似文献
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为了研究干扰素刺激基因Viperin对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的抗病毒作用,本研究构建了猪源Viperin基因(sViperin)pCI-sVIP表达载体,并在MARC-145细胞上观察了其对PRRSV复制的抑制作用。结果为:过表达sViperin蛋白可以抑制PRRSV在MARC-145细胞上的复制,且具有剂量依赖作用。sViperin蛋白抑制了病毒的入胞,但其对病毒的装配和释放没有影响作用。共聚焦实验证明sViperin蛋白主要定位于内质网等细胞器。sViperin蛋白和PRRSV GP5、N蛋白在细胞内存在共定位现象。CO-IP实验证明sViperin蛋白可以和PRRSV N蛋白存在相互作用。该研究为该病毒新型抗病毒药物研究奠定了重要基础。 相似文献
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蚊虫传播的黄病毒造成的传染病是人类健康的重要威胁,有效的早期精确诊断对预防与控制黄病毒感染并及时有效开展病患救治至关重要。然而由于黄病毒在血液中核酸可检测窗口短,核酸检测手段难以发挥优势,必须要通过血清学的诊断与病毒分离予以佐证,而血清学检测也要面对黄病毒之间存在的交叉反应问题。本文介绍了基于黄病毒非结构蛋白1(NS1)建立的检测手段。NS1蛋白在病人血清中含量很高是良好早期诊断靶标,基于NS1蛋白的黄病毒血清学诊断的检测窗口较长、灵敏度高、特异性强,具有独特的优势。尤其是2016年寨卡病毒暴发以来基于NS1的检测技术在灵敏度与特异性上得到快速与多元的发展,为黄病毒的精确检测带开启了新的局面。 相似文献
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为了探讨CODEHOP RT-PCR技术在黄病毒属病毒筛查中的应用效果,根据GenBank发表的不同黄病毒多聚蛋白氨基酸序列,利用CODEHOP方法设计合成一对简并引物,用一步RT-PCR对乙型脑炎病毒株JEV1201、登革热病毒株JKD001和黄热疫苗YV6161进行检测,扩增产物测序后进行BLAST同源性比对和系统分生分析。结果显示该方法可以特异的对黄病毒进行扩增,目的片段的大小和序列与预期结果相符,JEV1201与乙脑病毒株YL2009-4/YC2009-3同源性最为接近,位于乙脑病毒株进化树分支。JKD001与登革热病毒株DENV-2/ID/1022DN/1975同源性最为接近,位于登革热病毒株进化树分支。YV6161与黄热病病毒株17D同源性最为接近,位于黄热病病毒株进化树分支。由此可知CODEHOP RT-PCR技术可以被有效的用于对黄病毒属病毒的筛查、种类鉴定和分子溯源。 相似文献
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目前, 对丙型肝炎病毒( HCV) 感染的患者主要采用以Ⅰ型干扰素为主的治疗方案, 但干扰素抑制病毒的具体机制仍然不详。本研究通过实时聚合酶链反应( PCR) 检测HCV的RNA 水平, 蛋白免疫印迹法检测HCV 非结构蛋白的表达, 以及膜飘浮实验检测非结构蛋白与脂筏的关联性, 探讨干扰素诱导蛋白Viperin 抑制HCV 复制的机制。结果显示, 在体外HCV 亚基因复制子( replicon) 及感染细胞模型中过量表达Viperin 可显著降低细胞内HCV 非结构蛋白的表达及RNA 的水平。膜漂浮实验发现, 过量表达的Viperin 可通过干扰HCV 非结构蛋白NS3、NS5A 与细胞内脂筏膜的关联, 使其对非离子去污剂敏感。进一步研究发现, 与脂筏膜结构组成相关的法尼基合成酶( FPPS) 可通过与Viperin 相互作用, 部分反转Viperin 的抗HCV 复制效应。以上结果提出了一种新的干扰素抗HCV 机制, 即干扰素诱导蛋白Viperin 可通过影响非结构蛋白与脂筏的关联, 干扰HCV 复制复合体的稳定性, 从而抑制HCV 的复制。 相似文献
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Adriana M Airo Daniel Limonta Valeria Mancinelli William Branton Christopher Power Tom C Hobman 《EMBO reports》2016,17(12):1766-1775
Zika virus is an emerging mosquito‐borne pathogen that is associated with Guillain–Barré syndrome in adults and microcephaly and other neurological defects in newborns. Despite being declared an international emergency by the World Health Organization, comparatively little is known about its biology. Here, we investigate the strategies employed by the virus to suppress the host antiviral response. We observe that once established, Zika virus infection is impervious to interferon treatment suggesting that the virus deploys effective countermeasures to host cell defences. This is confirmed by experiments showing that Zika virus infection impairs the induction of type‐I interferon as well as downstream interferon‐stimulated genes. Multiple viral proteins affect these processes. Virus‐mediated degradation of STAT2 acts to reduce type‐I and type‐III interferon‐mediated signaling. Further, the NS5 of Zika virus binds to STAT2, and its expression is correlated with STAT2 degradation by the proteasome. Together, our findings provide key insights into how Zika virus blocks cellular defense systems. This in turn is important for understanding pathogenesis and may aid in designing antiviral therapies. 相似文献
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Laureano E. Carpio 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2020,38(17):5136-5147
AbstractThe Flavivirus genus comprise several important human pathogens, including dengue, West Nile, Yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, Zika, and tick-borne encephalitis viruses. These enveloped viruses affect more than 2 billion people in the world, mainly in less developed countries. Although some vaccines exist for some flaviviruses, these vaccines are not universally available due to many factors and since their infections are a world-wide public health issue, the development of antiviral molecules is fundamental. Flavivirus membranes, through the help of the envelope E glycoprotein, fuse with endosomal compartments in a pH-dependent way to release their genome into the cytoplasm and require specific lipids, such as bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP), for efficient fusion. The fundamental role the envelope E protein has on viral entry and membrane fusion suggest that it is an essential antiviral target. In this work, we have used atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to study the binding of the head-group of BMP to the tip of the envelope E proteins of ZIKV, DENV, TBEV and JEV viruses whose three-dimensional structures are known. Our results indicate that, apart from the fusion loop, there are different amino acid residues in different regions of the envelope E proteins of flaviviruses capable of binding the head-group of BMP. These regions should work together to accomplish the binding and fusion of the envelope and endosomal membranes and represent a new target to develop and design potent and effective antiviral agents capable of blocking flavivirus-endosome membrane fusion. 相似文献
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《Molecular cell》2020,77(4):734-747.e7
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Carlos Alessandro Fuzo Léo Degrève 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2013,31(10):1563-1574
The flavivirus membrane fusion is triggered by the acid pH of the endosomes after virus endocytosis. The proposed mechanism involves changes in the protonation state of conserved histidine residues of the E protein present in the viral surface that undergoes a series of structural rearrangements that result in the fusion between the endosome and viral bilayers. We studied the pH dependence of E protein rearrangements of dengue virus type 2, used as a model, in the pH range experimented by the virus along the fusion process. We employed a low computational cost scheme to explore the behavior of the E protein by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of complete systems that include the protein, the solvent, and ions. The procedure alternates cyclically the update of the ionization states of the protein residues with common MD steps applied to the new ionization configuration. Important pH-dependent protein structure rearrangements consistent with the changes of the protonation states of conserved histidine residues were observed. The involvement of other conserved residues in the flavivirus in the rearrangements was also identified. The results show interesting correlations with a proposed model for the fusion mechanism, as well as the experimentally identified key residues, contributing to a better understanding of the structural changes in protein E that lead to the fusion process. 相似文献
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Vaccinia virus and the EGF receptor: A portal for infectivity? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We previously demonstrated that occupancy of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor reduced the ability of vaccinia virus to infect L cells [Eppstein et al: Nature 318:663, 1985]. This result suggested that vaccinia virus was utilizing the EGF receptor as one pathway to infect cells. We have studied this system further, and now find that antibodies to the EGF receptor also reduce the ability of vaccinia virus to infect cells productively. Inclusion of both EGF and antibodies to the EGF receptor did not cause inhibition over that obtained by EGF alone, providing another line of evidence that the antiviral effects on vaccinia virus were at the level of the EGF receptor. The antiviral effects of EGF or synthetic peptides corresponding to the third disulfide loop of TGF-alpha or the vaccinia virus growth factor were specific to vaccinia virus and did not inhibit replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 or vesicular stomatitis virus. The inhibitory effects on replication of vaccinia virus were obtained when EGF (but not insulin or growth hormone) was present prior to, but not after, productive viral adsorption. These results provided further evidence that the antivaccinia viral effects of EGF were at the level of initial receptor occupancy. As interferon (IFN) treatment has been shown to interfere with the action of some growth factors, including EGF, we examined the effects of IFN treatment of cells on the antivaccinia viral activity of EGF. Our results show that the antivaccinia effect of IFN-beta either interfered with or partially coalesced with the inhibitory effects of EGF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献