生态安全条件下土地利用格局优化——以皇甫川流域为例

在人类活动导致的生态环境问题中,土地利用格局变化对区域生态安全起着决定性作用。选择我国乃至在世界上都罕见的多沙、粗沙、强烈水土流失的黄河皇甫川流域作为研究区域,针对土壤侵蚀和生态用水这两大影响流域生态安全的关键问题,开展土地利用变化模拟、土壤侵蚀3S监测、适宜植被盖度估算、土壤侵蚀情景模拟、土地利用格局优化等方面的综合研究。结果表明:(1)土地利用格局变化是导致土壤侵蚀变化的重要因素。从1987年到2015年,建筑用地、林地和灌丛面积增加,水域、沙地和裸砒砂岩面积减少,导致流域年平均土壤侵蚀模数由16160.72 t km-2a-1降至9710.72 t km-2a-1。(2)土地利用类型与土壤侵蚀模数密切相关并存在一定规律。6种不同土地利用类型多年平均土壤侵蚀模数的大小顺序为:裸砒砂岩沙地耕地草地林地灌丛,表明灌、林措施是流域植被恢复和土壤侵蚀减少的首选。(3)土地利用结构和空间格局优化有助于提升区域生态安全水平。在优化格局下,2007年和2015年土壤侵蚀模数比优化前分别减少5469.57 t km-2a-1和5432.77 t km-2a-1,优化后2015年土壤侵蚀模数仅为4277.95 t km-2a-1,低于流域自然侵蚀临界值或允许土壤侵蚀模数5300 t km-2a-1,优化土地利用格局成为加强流域生态环境建设的重要途径。     

洞庭湖白沙洲4种植被系统与大气中碳素交换

近年来由于气候变化,极端天气现象及其相应的自然灾害的频繁发生,致使人类面临严峻的挑战,全球环境问题已备受瞩目。湿地碳循环在全球气候变化中具有不可忽视的作用,研究湿地系统与大气中碳素的交换,有助于深入了解湿地生态系统对大气环境的影响。在生物量和土壤温室气体排放测定的基础上,对洞庭湖白沙洲湿地4种主要植被系统与大气碳素交换进行研究,结果表明:杨树人工林、芦苇和苔草3种植被系统净生产力吸收大气中碳量分别为9.88、6.83.thm-.2a-1和4.07.thm-.2a-1,土壤排放碳量(包括CH4中的碳素)分别为3.08、2.79.thm-.2a-1和2.80t.hm-.2a-1,3种植被系统每年净吸收大气中的碳6.80、4.07t.hm-.2a-1和1.27t.hm-.2a-1,都是大气CO2的汇;黑藻与竹叶眼子菜混交群落净生产力吸收大气碳1.23.thm-.2a-1,土壤排放的碳1.32t.hm-.2a-1,该系统每年向大气净排放0.09t.hm-.2a-1,是一个弱的CO2排放源;将CH4温室效应是CO2的21倍折算成CO2量,杨树林土壤排放CO2量(包括CH4折算成CO2量)为16.19t.hm-.2a-1,比植被净生产力吸收的少16.64t.hm-.2a-1,对大气温室效应而言,该系统是温室气体的汇;芦苇、苔草以及黑藻与竹叶眼子菜混交群落土壤排放CO2量(包括CH4折算成CO2量)分别是43.68、39.19t.hm-.2a-1和32.22t.hm-.2a-1,比植被净生产力吸收的还多20.60、24.27.thm-.2a-1和27.71.thm-.2a-1,对大气温室效应而言,这3种湿地植被系统都是温室气体排放源。     

保护性耕作对农田生态系统净碳释放量的影响

以华北平原小麦-玉米两熟地区保护性耕作5年田间定位试验为基础,利用West提出的净碳释放方程对翻耕、少耕和免耕3种耕作方式下农田各项投入造成的碳释放和土壤碳累积进行比较。结果表明:在翻耕、少耕、免耕3个处理下,5年间各项农田投入造成的碳释放分别为312.60、295.4和280.52kg.km-2.a-1,表层30cm土壤的碳储量分别为30.59、32.76和31.61Mg.km-2,农田净碳释放量分别为312.60、-138.59和-76.52kg.km-2.a-1;与翻耕地比较,免耕和少耕地的相对净碳释放量为-236.08和-451.19kg.km-2.a-1;免耕地农田投入的碳减排量(32.08kg.km-2.a-1)为土壤碳增汇量(204.00kg.km-2.a-1)的15.73%,少耕地农田投入的碳减排量(17.19kg.km-2.a-1)为土壤碳增汇量(434.00kg.km-2.a-1)的3.96%。少耕地对减少大气CO2的贡献大于免耕地。     

基于RUSLE-SMA的黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤侵蚀评价及景观格局分析——以庆城县蔡家庙流域为例

以甘肃省庆城县蔡家庙小流域为例,运用混合光谱线性分解(SMA)从Landsat遥感影像提取植被覆盖度,获取流域的植被覆盖因子,借助通用土壤侵蚀方程RUSLE计算了2003和2010年土壤侵蚀量,分析了土壤侵蚀与土地利用和地形因子之间的关系,并对流域土壤侵蚀景观格局变化进行了研究.结果表明:7年间,蔡家庙小流域土壤侵蚀量由3.61×106 t·a-1增加到4.48×106 t·a-1,增加了24％;平均侵蚀强度由8590.23 t·km-2增加到10652.01 t·km-2.不同土地利用类型的侵蚀状况差异较大,未利用地、草地、园地的侵蚀状况严重;坡度大于15°、高程低于1395 m以及坡向朝西的区域,土壤侵蚀较严重.研究区整体侵蚀景观高度破碎,斑块总数减少,破碎度变小,景观异质性减小,整体形状趋于规则;除微度侵蚀景观外,其余景观类型趋于简单化.     

基于RUSLE的福建省长汀县河田盆地区土壤侵蚀定量研究

以RS、GIS和RUSLE模型为主要技术,选取典型的土壤侵蚀区福建省长汀县河田盆地区为研究区,通过对模型因子的合理选择,估算了该地区1988年、1998年和2010年的土壤侵蚀量,实现土壤侵蚀状况的定量评价和动态监测.结果表明:在1988年至2010年期间,研究区土壤侵蚀状况得到明显改善,平均土壤侵蚀模数由4259.11 t·km-2·a-1下降为1280.09 t·km-2·a-1,年侵蚀量由252.42万t下降至75.87万t;中度及其以上侵蚀面积由176 km2减少至62.69 km2,微度侵蚀面积由225.85 km2增加至358.9 km2.研究结果说明近22年来针对长汀河田盆地区土壤侵蚀的治理所采取的措施是卓有成效的.长汀河田盆地区水土流失进一步重点治理的区域应集中在盆地中心及其西北部等地区的高程低于400 m、植被覆盖度为20％-50％的地区.     

祁连山不同植被类型土壤碳贮量和碳通量

采用野外调查测定、野外定位观测和室内分析相结合的方法,在植被类型变化较大林区,选择邻近相同海拔、坡向和土壤类型的天然林(青海云杉林、祁连圆柏林、高山灌丛林)、人工林(13年生华北落叶松林)、牧坡草地和农田等植被类型土壤为研究对象,研究了祁连山不同植被类型的土壤碳动态.结果表明:天然林、牧坡草地、农田和人工林的土壤有机碳含量分别为59.45～84.7、78.30、13.51和43.25 g·kg-1,平均土壤有机碳密度分别为15.96～19.95、17.74、10.63和15.97 kg·m-2,土壤有机碳平均周转时间分别为27～36、25、23和33 a;不同植被类型土壤CO2通量依次为青海云杉林584.03 g C·m-2·a-1,祁连圆柏林517.63 g C·m-1·a-1,高山灌丛林601.00 g C·m-2·a-1,牧坡草地796.89 g C·m-2·a-1,农田281.75 g C·m-1·a-1,人工林569.92 g C·m-2·a-1;同一植被类型中,土壤有机碳含量和土壤碳密度随土壤深度增加而降低,而土壤有机碳周转时间则随深度增加而增大.     

三峡库区植被生物量和生产力的估算及分布格局

三峡工程对三峡库区的生态环境将会产生巨大影响,对库区生物量和生产力的本底研究具有重要的科学意义和历史价值.以108块临时样地及森林资源清查数据为基础,对三峡库区植被生物量和生产力进行估算,结果表明:(1)三峡库区植被总生物量和年生产力分别为1.17×108t、1.77×107t,占全国森林植被的0.91%和3.62%,均高于全国平均水平;(2)三峡库区马尾松林生物总量最多,达到4.14×107t,常绿阔叶林单位面积生物量最高,为85.60t hm-2;(3)竹林的NPP最高,为10.10t a-1 hm-2,柏木林最低,仅为4.21t a-1 hm-2;(4)三峡库区植被平均生物量和NPP均呈现"东高西低,北高南低"的分布格局,与经纬度没有明显相关性;(5)森林植被平均生物量随着海拔上升而增加,在海拔为1500～1800m范围内达到最大值59.05t hm-2,随后迅速下降.(6)NPP随海拔变化呈现"先减后增随后又减"的规律,最大值出现在900～1200m区段,为7.07t a-1 hm-2;(7)库区海拔在300～1500m间的森林植被总生物量和总生产力分别为8.15×107t和10.38×106t a-1,占整个库区的83.58%和83.83%.     

基于CASA模型的藏北地区草地植被净第一性生产力及其时空格局

基于1981-2004年遥感监测和气象数据,采用CASA(Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach)模型模拟分析藏北地区草地植被净第一性生产力(NPP)及其时空变化特征.结果表明:受水热条件的制约,藏北地区草地植被NPP空间分布规律呈水平地带性分布,由东南向西北逐渐由230g C.m-2.a-1减少到接近0.藏北地区草地植被NPP整体水平较低,年均草地植被总NPP为21.5×1012g C.a-1,多年平均值仅为48.1g C.m-2.a-1,明显低于青藏高原和其它草原区.藏北地区坡度小于1°平地和平滩地,以及南坡的草地植被年平均NPP相对较低.藏北主要高寒草地7-9月NPP占全年NPP的64.0%~70.0%.1981-2004年间,藏北地区草地植被总NPP的年际变化较大,并有进一步下降趋势.     

广东南江工业园对其生态环境的影响分析

南江工业园地处北江江边,内设有电镀、五金加工企业,为查明工业园所在区域的环境状况,确定本项目对周边生态环境的影响,对南江工业园的陆地生态环境和水生生态环境进行了调查,结果表明工业园对其陆地生态环境造成一定的影响,约333hm2土地受到占用及将受到破坏,其中挖方、填方造成的水土流失量分别为110t·km-2·a-1、225t·km-2·a-1,而采取水土保护措施后,挖方、填方造成的水土流失量分别为58t·km-2·a-1、45t·km-2·a-1。在水生态方面亦对水生生物造成了一定的直接影响。     

森林生物挥发性有机物释放速率研究进展

森林是生态系统中主要的BVOC(生物挥发性有机物)来源.BVOC对于大气环境质量、对流层化学以及全球碳循环平衡都具有十分重要的作用.综述了森林BVOC释放的季节性和日变化特征,并对其影响因子(生境差异、环境变化、树木发育阶段、生理状况和外来干扰等)进行了分析,同时还进一步阐述了森林BVOC释放的生态学意义,并在树种选择和植物配置等方面,为生态保健型森林旅游资源的开发和城市森林建设提出了几点建议.     

城市森林碳汇及其抵消能源碳排放效果——以广州为例

城市森林及其管理相关政策作为减少CO₂排放的有效策略得到了较为广泛的关注。采用材积源生物量方程与净初级生产力方法来定量分析了广州市城市森林碳储量和碳固定量,根据化石能源使用量及其碳排放因子核算了广州城市能源碳排放,最后评估了城市森林碳抵消效果。结果显示广州市城市森林碳储量为654.42×10⁴t,平均碳密度为28.81 t/hm²,而森林碳固定量为658732 t/a,平均固碳率为2.90 t·hm^-2·a^-1。2005-2010年广州市年均能源碳排放则达到2907.41×10⁴t。广州城市森林碳储量约为城市年均能源碳排放的22.51%,其通过碳固定年均能够抵消年均碳排放的2.27%,不过从城市森林综合效益来看其仍是城市低碳发展重要举措之一。分析了林型组成和林龄结构对于广州森林碳储量和碳固定量的影响,并从森林管理角度为城市森林碳汇提升提出建议。这些结果和讨论有助于评估城市森林碳汇在抵消碳排放中所起的效果。     

Volatilome of Aleppo Pine litter over decomposition process

Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) are largely accepted to contribute to both atmospheric chemistry and ecosystem functioning. While the forest canopy is recognized as a major source of BVOC, emissions from plant litter have scarcely been explored with just a couple of studies being focused on emission patterns over litter decomposition process. The aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively characterize BVOC emissions (C₁–C₁₅) from Pinus halepensis litter, one of the major Mediterranean conifer species, over a 15‐month litter decomposition experiment. Senescent needles of P. halepensis were collected and placed in 42 litterbags where they underwent in situ decomposition. Litterbags were collected every 3 months and litter BVOC emissions were studied in vitro using both online (PTR‐ToF‐MS) and offline analyses (GC‐MS). Results showed a large diversity of BVOC (58 compounds detected), with a strong variation over time. Maximum total BVOC emissions were observed after 3 months of decomposition with 9.18 µg g_DM ⁻¹ hr⁻¹ mainly composed by terpene emissions (e.g., α‐pinene, terpinolene, β‐caryophyllene). At this stage, methanol, acetone, and acetic acid were the most important nonterpenic volatiles representing, respectively, up to 26%, 10%, and 26% of total emissions. This study gives an overview of the evolution of BVOC emissions from litter along with decomposition process and will thus contribute to better understand the dynamics and sources of BVOC emission in Mediterranean pine forests.     

城市土地利用是否会降低区域碳吸收能力?——台州市案例研究

城市土地利用显著改变了原有生态系统的结构和功能,特别是建成区植被的碳吸收和碳储存能力。该研究通过实地调查和测量,估算城市建成区内乔木、灌木、草坪的生物量和净初级生产力(net primary productivity,NPP),该方法考虑了园林管理(如修剪或割草)对建成区碳吸收和碳储存的影响。结果表明,台州城市树木个体生物量年增量是野外森林中同类树木的近2倍;乔木修剪量占乔木NPP的1/3。目前台州市建成区的植被碳吸收能力为2.1×103kgC.hm–2.a–1(其中乔木的贡献为64%,灌木为9%,草坪为27%),低于本地野外森林同面积的碳吸收能力;通过与野外常绿阔叶林比较发现,增加台州建成区的绿化覆盖率(从23%提高到46%)即可补偿因城市扩张引起的植被碳吸收能力的损失。     

Few long-term effects of simulated climate change on volatile organic compound emissions and leaf chemistry of three subarctic dwarf shrubs

Climate change is exposing arctic ecosystems to higher temperature, increased nutrient availability and shading due to the increasing cloud cover and the expanding forests. In this work, we assessed how these factors affect the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from three subarctic dwarf shrub species in a field experiment after 18 treatment years. Of the studied species the willow Salix phylicifolia L. was the only isoprene-emitter with an emission potential of 16.1 ± 8.4 μg g⁻¹ dw h⁻¹ (at 30 °C and photosynthetic photon flux density of 1000 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹). The dwarf birch Betula nana L. had significant emissions of various reactive BVOCs, including monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The evergreen Cassiope tetragona (L.) D. Don emitted high amounts of mono- and sesquiterpenes. Due to chance, the temperature in the warming treatment (employing open-top plastic tents) and the unwarmed treatments was similar at the time of the measurements, and therefore long-term indirect effects of warming could be assessed without interference of temperature differences at the time of measurement. The long-term warming had not altered foliar N, P or condensed tannin concentrations, but it had led to other chemical changes detected in the near-infrared reflectance spectra of the leaves. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in the BVOC emissions per unit leaf mass measured by the dynamic enclosure method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Annual additions of NPK fertilizer, which mimicked increased nutrient availability, had accumulated P in the leaves of all species. In addition, fertilization marginally increased the leaf N concentration of B. nana. The only significant fertilization effect on BVOC emissions was a stimulation of emission of the sesquiterpene β-selinene from S. phylicifolia. The shading treatment obtained by dome-shaped hessian tents did not cause clear long-term changes in leaf chemistry or BVOC emissions. The only observed change was a marginally significant increase in sesquiterpene emissions from B. nana. When the treatment effects on long-term biomass changes in the different treatments were taken into account by proportioning the BVOC emissions to the biomass of each species in the field treatments, warming led to a significant increase and shading to a decrease in the total BVOC emissions per unit ground area from B. nana. These results highlight the importance of an integrated approach for realistic assessment of responses to climate change.     

Non-methane biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from boreal peatland microcosms under warming and water table drawdown

Boreal peatlands have significant emissions of non-methane biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Climate warming is expected to affect these ecosystems both directly, with increasing temperature, and indirectly, through water table drawdown following increased evapotranspiration. We assessed the combined effect of warming and water table drawdown on the BVOC emissions from boreal peatland microcosms. We also assessed the treatment effects on the BVOC emissions from the peat soil after the 7-week long experiment. Emissions of isoprene, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, other reactive VOCs and other VOCs were sampled using a conventional chamber technique, collected on adsorbent and analyzed by GC–MS. Carbon emitted as BVOCs was less than 1% of the CO₂ uptake and up to 3% of CH₄ emission. Water table drawdown surpassed the direct warming effect and significantly decreased the emissions of all BVOC groups. Only isoprene emission was significantly increased by warming, parallel to the increased leaf number of the dominant sedge Eriophorum vaginatum. BVOC emissions from peat soil were higher under the control and warming treatments than water table drawdown, suggesting an increased activity of anaerobic microbial community. Our results suggest that boreal peatlands could have concomitant negative and positive radiative forcing effects on climate warming following the effect of water table drawdown. The observed decrease in CH₄ emission causes a negative radiative forcing while the increase in CO₂ emission and decrease in reactive BVOC emissions, which could reduce the cooling effect induced by the lower formation rate of secondary organic aerosols, both contribute to increased radiative forcing.     

The shift in plant species composition in a subarctic mountain birch forest floor due to climate change would modify the biogenic volatile organic compound emission profile

Background and aims

Mountain birch forests dominate in the Subarctic but little is known of their non-methane biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions. The dwarf shrubs Empetrum hermaphroditum, Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium uliginosum co-dominate in the forest floors of these forests. The abundance of these three dwarf shrubs relative to each other could be affected by climate warming expected to increase nutrient availability by accelerating litter decomposition and nutrient mineralization. We 1) compared the BVOC emission profiles of vegetation covers dominated by E. hermaphroditum and V. myrtillus plus V. uliginosum in a subarctic mountain birch forest floor, 2) distinguished the BVOCs emitted from plants and soil and 3) measured how the BVOC emissions from the different vegetation covers differed under darkness.

Methods

BVOCs were sampled during two growing seasons using a conventional ecosystem chamber-based method, collected on adsorbent and analyzed with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.

Results

High abundance of E. hermaphroditum increased the sesquiterpene emissions. Soil released fewer different BVOCs than controls (i.e. natural vegetation) but the total emission rates were similar. Darkness did not affect the emissions. Carbon emitted as BVOCs was less than 0.2% of the CO₂ exchange.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that sesquiterpene emissions from subarctic mountain birch forest floors would be reduced following an increased abundance of V. myrtillus and V. uliginosum with climate change because these species respond rapidly to increased nutrient availability.     

小兴安岭十种典型森林群落凋落物生物量及其动态变化

在小兴安岭地区选取10种典型森林群落分别设置样地,研究该地区不同群落类型凋落物的年产量、月动态变化以及组成特征.结果表明:10种群落类型中年均凋落物量大小依次为椴树红松林(4.08t· hm-2·a-1)＞蒙古栎红松林(3.83 t·hm-2·a-1)＞云冷杉红松林(3.55 t·hm-2·a-1)＞云冷杉林(3.44t· hm-2·a-1)＞枫桦红松林(3.43t·hm-2· a-1)＞山杨次生林(3.26 t·hm-2·a-1)＞白桦次生林(3.04 t·hm-2·a-1)＞枫桦次生林(2.96 t·hm-2·a-1)＞杂木林(2.95 t·hm-2·a-1)＞白桦落叶松林(2.91 t·hm-2·a-1).凋落物各组分中均以落叶为主,约占凋落总量的60％以上,枝仅占凋落量的5.7％-9.4％.凋落物月动态模式主要有两种:单峰型的有蒙古栎红松林、椴树红松林、枫桦红松林、枫桦次生林、山杨次生林、白桦次生林、杂木林,高峰期在8-10月份;双峰型的有云冷杉红松林、云冷杉林、白桦落叶松次生林,前两种群落的凋落高峰期在4月和9月,后者高峰期在8月和10月.不同群落类型年凋落量差异显著,原始红松林凋落量高于天然次生林,且凋落高峰出现时问以及各组分所占比例与群落类型有关,同时也与树种生物学特性有关.     

Budget of methane emissions from soils, livestock and the river network at the regional scale of the Seine basin (France)

We used various approaches to establish a comprehensive budget of methane (CH₄) emissions from the Seine basin, including direct emissions from livestock and soils as well as emissions from the drainage network. For the direct emissions from livestock, we used official livestock census numbers and emission factors (CH₄ emitted by each animal species per head per year) available in the literature. For the emissions from soils, we based our estimates on experimental measurements in closed chambers installed on different agricultural plots, forest, and grasslands in 2008 and 2009. The results were extrapolated to the whole Seine basin, including grassland, cropland, and forest soil distributions in the Seine basin. The CH₄ emissions from the Seine drainage network were also based on measurements of sampled waters in various rivers and streams (from headwaters to estuary) during different seasons in 2007, 2008, and 2010. After chemical analysis of CH₄ concentrations in the water samples using a gas chromatographic technique and calculation of the CH₄ supersaturation by stream order in rivers of the Seine basin (from 1 to 8) and by season we could estimate the CH₄ emissions for the whole water surface area of the Seine drainage network. The livestock of the Seine basin produce CH₄ emissions amounting to 166 × 10⁶ kg C year^?1, among which cattle are responsible for 85 %. The total CH₄ emission from the Seine drainage network was estimated at 0.3 × 10⁶ kg C year^?1, large rivers being responsible for the largest proportion. Ebullition could account for an additional 0.2 × 10⁶ kg C year^?1. Soils of the Seine basin are a net sink for CH₄ (9.4 × 10⁶ kg C year^?1). The water and soils fluxes are low with regard to emissions by livestock, but domestic waste, through landfills, could contribute an additional 40 × 10⁶ kg C year^?1.     

人工高效经营雷竹林CO2通量估算及季节变化特征

利用涡度相关技术观测高效经营雷竹林生态系统的1a碳通量变化过程,初步计算分析了碳收支以及影响的环境因子.数据结果表明,雷竹林系统全年碳收支情况为碳汇,固碳能力小于毛竹林和杉木林,同时也小于水稻田和北方农田.全年净生态系统碳交换量(NEE)为-126.303Cg·m-2·a-1,生态系统呼吸(RE)为1108.845 Cg·m-2·a-1,生态系统总交换量(GEE)为-1235.15Cg·m-2·a-1.其中冬季(12月-2月)覆盖时为碳源,其余月份为碳汇.各月碳吸收量以11月最高,6月次之,呈双峰变化,碳排放量以1月为最高.计算全年平均固碳效率为11％,12-2月为负值,11月最高33％.生态系统呼吸呈单峰变化,以夏季最高,冬季覆盖提高地温后生态系统呼吸随之增加,全年RE受温度影响显著成指数关系.人工经营下温度是影响雷竹林CO2通量过程的主要因素,同时大量有机物覆盖增加了碳排放.     

四川人工林生态系统碳储量特征

利用森林资源清查资料和标准地实测数据估算了四川人工林生态系统的碳密度、碳储量及分配特征.结果表明:四川人工林生态系统平均碳密度为161.16 Mg C·hm^-2,各层碳密度从大到小排序为土壤层(141.64 Mg C·hm^-2)＞乔木层(17.95 Mg C·hm^-2)＞枯落物层(1.06 Mg C·hm^-2)＞灌草层(0.52 Mg C·hm^-2).四川人工林生态系统总碳储量为573.57 Tg C,其中乔木层、灌草层、枯落物层和土壤层分别为63.88、1.836、3.764和504.09 Tg C,分别占总碳量的11.14%、0.32%、0.66%和87.88%.不同人工林生态系统的碳储量和碳密度差异较大,分别介于1.21～99.44 Tg C和75.50～251.74 Mg C·hm^-2之间,其空间分配也表现为土壤层最大、灌草层最小.但四川省人工林生态系统乔木层碳密度较低,幼、中龄林分比重大,如果对现有人工林加以更好的管理,碳吸存潜力较大.从生态系统水平监测人工林生态系统的碳储量有助于提高森林碳吸存估算的精度.