百里香芳香油的提取

百里香(Thymus quinquecostatus),唇形科多年生灌木状芳香草本植物,大量分布于我国辽宁、山东、河北、山西、陕西等省的低山丘陵阴坡地带。百里香除供药用外,其茎叶还含有一定量的芳香油,所以,为重要的香料植物。如能将其芳香油进行提取利用,为百里香这种野生香料植物的利用开辟一条新的途径。我们利用生长于河北昌黎山坡地带百里香的茎叶,进行了芳香油提取工艺的探索,并初步确定了其较适宜的提取工艺。利用百里香茎叶提取芳香油的工艺,主     

兴安百里香的扦插繁育试验研究

为寻求兴安百里香人工扦插繁育的适宜条件,研究了三种不同基质（校园土、细砂、珍珠岩）、两种处理（ABT生根粉溶液处理和不经处理）和三个生长期（15d,30d,40d)三因素对兴安百里香插穗的生根情况的影响。结果表明：不经生根液处理直接扦插的最佳基质为校园土;长时间（24h）ABT生根液（0.1g.L^-1)浸泡的插穗生根受到抑制,而经过0.g.L^-1ABT生根液浸渍5min插穗的校园土中在生根情况明显好于未经处理的插穗。扦插后15天的校园土中的生根率就已达到了85％,40天时达到100％。     

部分百里香属植物分子系统学研究

采用ITS序列分析和ISSR分子标记技术,对中国野生百里香(5个种2个变种)及国外百里香(2个种)共计20份材料进行了属内种间及种下水平的系统发育和亲缘关系研究.结果表明:(1)ITS序列的系统发育树能较好地说明百里香属种间亲缘关系,地椒、地椒亚洲变种、百里香和Thymus serpyllum共同聚为一组,Bootstrap支持率为96%,表现为较近的亲缘关系;(2)基于ITS序列的系统发育树和ISSR多态性标记的聚类分析均将地椒怀远居群和地椒展毛变种兴凯居群聚为单独的一组,表现出与其它供试材料间较为明显的遗传差异;(3)ISSR遗传多态性分析将地椒、地椒亚洲变种和百里香很好的聚类;种下居群间的聚类则体现了与地理分布之间一定的相关性.将本实验结果与野外考查及形态学比较相结合,可以得出以下结论:地椒、地椒亚洲变种和百里香三者之间属于近缘种,并与国外的T.serpyllum种间有很近的亲缘关系;支持《黑龙江植物志》将地椒展毛变种兴凯居群列为单独的一个种;地椒怀远居群在遗传背景及分布生境上有很大的特殊性,对其在百里香属植物中的系统地位仍需进一步研究确定.     

百里香提取物抑菌特性的研究

以百里香水和酒精提取物及百里香芳香油作为抑菌剂进行抑菌试验 ,结果表明 ,所用抑菌物对供试菌金黄色葡萄球菌 (Staphalococcusaureus)、枯草芽孢杆菌 (Bacillussubtilis)和大肠杆菌 (Escherichiacoli)均有不同程度的抑制作用 ,可望将其用于食品工业作为防腐和抑菌剂。     

百里香精油提取及化学成份鉴定

百里香精油得率为０．３４％,色－质联用仪分析鉴定出６种主要成份,占总量的８２．１７％,其中百里酚和香芹酚含量分别为６１．７％和２７．９％。     

不同激素对银斑百里香愈伤组织培养的影响

以银斑百里香种子为试材,比较了不同浓度的NAA和2,4-D与6-BA对百里香愈伤组织诱导效果的影响。结果表明:NAA在0.15(mg/L)和2,4-D在0.9(mg/L)是诱导银斑百里香种子产生愈伤组织的最佳浓度;MS+NAA(0.15mg/L)+6-BA(0.6mg/L)和MS+2,4-D(0.9mg/L)+6-BA(0.6mg/L)诱导的效果最佳,建立了百里香愈伤组织培养的实验体系。     

百里香的组织培养

1植物名称百里香(Thymus serpyllum var.mongolicus Ronn.)。2材料类别顶芽和腋芽。3培养条件(1)芽诱导培养基:MS基本培养基;(2)增殖培养基:MS 6-BA 1.5 mg·L~(-1)(单位下同) IBA 0.1 0.6%琼脂 3%蔗糖;(3)生根培养基:1/2MS IBA 0.5 0.7%琼脂 2%蔗糖。以上所有培养基均为pH 5.8～6.0,培养温度(24±2)℃,光     

我国百里香属植物资源研究

目前,我国百里香属植物资源原产17种,除线叶百里香分布西藏外,其它种类主要分布西北、华北、东北等地,引种的国外种和品种主要有Thymus vulgaris、T.serpyllum、T.pulegioides、T.serpyllum'Magic Carpet'、T.ser-pyllum'Minor'、T.serpyllu...     

百里香香精油具有抗细菌活性

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2003年51卷13期3849-3853页报道：百里香(Thymus)是唇形科植物,共约200种。主要分布于东半球的温带和寒带地区以及地中海国家。百里香富含香精油,常用于芳香和药物工业。     

温度对胸腺激素理化性质和生物活性的影响

为探讨胸腺激素耐受的最高温度,将胸腺因子Ｄ、胸腺素和胸腺肽加热至１２１℃、１２５℃、１３０℃,直至１９０℃１５ｍｉｎ。结果：加热１４０℃以下１５ｍｉｎ,其色泽、澄明度、紫外吸收峰、旋光度、ＰＨ值、蛋白质含量、相对比移值和活性玫瑰花形成率,与未加热样品比较,均无明显变化;加热至１５０℃以上,上述指标除紫外吸收峰外,余均显著改变。结果表明,胸腺因子Ｄ、胸腺素和胸腺肽能耐受１４０℃１５ｍｉｎ。     

Antioxidant Activities of Some Extracts of Thymus zygis

The antioxidant activities of methanol and ethyl ether extracts obtained from Thymus zygis, collected during the flowering or non-flowering period, were evaluated and compared. To investigate this potential, extracts were tested on their capacity to react with diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in a homogeneous medium, and to inhibit Fe²⁺/ascorbate-induced membrane lipid peroxidation, as estimated by the formation of thiobar-bituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Although methanol extracts reduce DPPH radicals more efficiently than ethyl ether extracts, suggesting a potent radical scavenger activity, the ethyl ether extracts were found to be most active in inhibiting lipid peroxidation in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes. In addition, both extracts present peroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activities. Peroxyl radicals were generated by the water soluble 2, 2A-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) azoinitiator, and the scavenging activities of the extracts were measured by the inhibition of cis-parinaric acid (PnA) fluorescence decay in SR. Superoxide radicals were generated either by an enzymatic or a non-enzymatic system, and the scavenger ability was evaluated by the inhibition of nitrob-lue tetrazolium reduction. Methanolic extracts are more potent as scavengers of peroxyl and super oxide radicals than the ethyl ether extracts. Apparently, there is a relationship between antioxidant potency and the total phenolic groups content in each extract.     

Antioxidant Activities of Some Extracts of Thymus zygis

The antioxidant activities of methanol and ethyl ether extracts obtained from Thymus zygis, collected during the flowering or non-flowering period, were evaluated and compared. To investigate this potential, extracts were tested on their capacity to react with diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in a homogeneous medium, and to inhibit Fe²⁺/ascorbate-induced membrane lipid peroxidation, as estimated by the formation of thiobar-bituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Although methanol extracts reduce DPPH radicals more efficiently than ethyl ether extracts, suggesting a potent radical scavenger activity, the ethyl ether extracts were found to be most active in inhibiting lipid peroxidation in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes. In addition, both extracts present peroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activities. Peroxyl radicals were generated by the water soluble 2, 2A-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) azoinitiator, and the scavenging activities of the extracts were measured by the inhibition of cis-parinaric acid (PnA) fluorescence decay in SR. Superoxide radicals were generated either by an enzymatic or a non-enzymatic system, and the scavenger ability was evaluated by the inhibition of nitrob-lue tetrazolium reduction. Methanolic extracts are more potent as scavengers of peroxyl and super oxide radicals than the ethyl ether extracts. Apparently, there is a relationship between antioxidant potency and the total phenolic groups content in each extract.     

异株百里香花蜜腺的发育解剖学研究

异株百里香（Thymus marschallianus Willd）花蜜腺分布于子房基部的花托上,结构蜜腺盘状,成熟时膨大,环绕在花托外。蜜腺组织由分泌表皮、产蜜组织和维管束三部分组成;组织化学染色显示淀粉粒的积累是在蜜腺细胞发育的最初和最后,因此将其归为非淀粉型蜜腺。在发育的过程中细胞液泡化动态明显,而淀粉粒和多糖均不具有明显的消长变化;蜜汁是由韧皮部运转到泌蜜组织中的,再由表皮细胞的角质层渗到细胞外。     

Natural selection and gynodioecy in Thymus vulgaris L.

Thymus vulgaris L. is a gynodioecious species with hermaphrodites (mF) and females (mS) widely distributed in southern France and in which reproduction of which is exclusively sexual. Numerous samples have been collected in the French Mediterranean region and the percentage of mS varies from 5 to 95% in different populations. By studying environmental conditions—the area covered at ground level by vegetation, stones and rocks—high percentages of mS are found to be related to a high vegetation cover and an absence or a scarcity of stones. Grasslands and old fields favour mS, while rocky sites favour mF. This relationship, which has been found both on the plains and on a mountain, is related to the most important reproductive characteristics of T. vulgaris —genetic control of male sterility, mode of pollination, percentage of selling and seed production. These relationships agree with the assumption that unstable environmental conditions such as grasslands or old fields in southern France favour maximum seed production and outcrossing. The greater stability of uncultivated areas such as rocky sites allows for the maintenance of autogamy. Consequently, it is natural selection which adjusts the percentage of male sterility in natural populations of Thymus vulgaris.     

蛋白质组学关键技术研究进展

蛋白质组学是后基因组时代的一门新兴科学,是对生物体在蛋白质水平上定量、动态、整体性的研究。简要综述了高通量蛋白质分离和鉴定技术,如双向电泳、生物质谱、蛋白质芯片、酵母双杂交、同位素亲和标签及生物信息学的原理、方法、应用及存在的问题与局限,并对蛋白质组学研究的发展前景进行了展望。     

地椒花蜜腺发育的解剖学观察

通过显微和亚显微观察对地椒花蜜腺的发育进行了研究。地椒花蜜腺位于子房基部的花盘上,属于盘状蜜腺,新鲜时呈绿色。蜜腺由分泌表皮和泌蜜组织组成,分泌表皮为一层细胞,表皮细胞角质膜较厚,表皮上分布着大量的气孔器,气孔器突出于表面;泌蜜组织细胞多层。花盘中央有维管束通向子房,在维管束和泌蜜组织之间有４￣５层大型的薄壁细胞。蜜腺由花盘的表皮及其内侧相邻的细胞发育而来,在发育过程中,其细胞中的液泡和贮藏的淀粉     

百里香杀螨活性成分的分离及鉴定

为了探讨百里香的杀螨活性成分,以山楂叶螨(Tetranychus viennensis)为供试对象,采用生物活性示踪法从百里香(Thymus mongolicus)乙醇提取物中分离纯化出5种活性成分,其化学结构经MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR分析鉴定为百里香酚、香芹酚、松油烯-4醇、豆甾醇和β-谷甾醇.采用玻片浸渍法测试了5种化合物对山楂叶螨的触杀活性,结果表明,百里香酚和香芹酚对山楂叶螨有较强的触杀活性,12 h和24 h的触杀LC50值分别为0.103、0.135 mg·mL-1和0.048、0.096 mg·mL-1;松油烯-4-醇也有一定的杀螨活性,12 h和24 h的触杀LC50值分别为0.320和0.231 mg·mL-1;而两种甾醇类化合物β-谷甾醇和豆甾醇对山楂叶螨没有明显的触杀作用.分析认为百里香酚可能是百里香的主要杀螨活性成分之一.