刘东生院士逝世

<正>中国科学院资深院士,第三世界科学院院士,欧亚科学院院士,国际第四纪研究联合会原主席,中国第四纪研究委员会名誉主任,中国科学院地球环境研究所名誉所长,中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所一级研究员,国际杰出的第四纪地质环境学家刘东生先生因病医治无效,于2008年3月6日在北京逝世,享年91岁。     

第二届中国灵芝大会第二轮通知

正由浙江省龙泉市人民政府和中国食品土畜进出口商会共同主办的第二届中国灵芝大会,将于2016年9月9-12日在浙江龙泉国际大酒店如期召开。会议同期,将召开由本刊主编李玉院士发起、中国工程院主办的国际经济菌物大会暨中国工程院中国工程科技论坛——经济菌物中国工程科技研究。届时,包括李玉院士在内的中国工程院不同学科的九位院士以及北京大学医学部林志彬教授、英国自然历史博物馆的David     

第二届全国生物化学与分子生物技术学术研讨会举行就人类健康和培育发展生物产业展开讨论（2012年蓬莱阁生命科学与健康高峰论坛同时举行）

2012年6月15-18日,全国第二届生物化学与分子生物技术学术研讨会在山东省烟台市滨海国际酒店举行。研讨会由中国生物化学与分子生物学会、中国生物化学与分子生物学会生物化学与分子生物技术专业委员会组织,山东省干细胞工程技术研究中心、烟台毓璜顶医院、烟台大学生命科学学院和上海科浩会展服务有限公司承办。主任委员张耀州、副主任委员韩金祥、郭亚军、朱莉、李建远、周义发等650多位全国各地的专家、学者和强伯勤院士、饶子和院士、曹雪涛院士、王红阳院士、程京院士等特邀嘉宾出席了开幕式。     

2007全球十大生物科技新闻

由547名中国科学院院士和中国工程院院士,投票评选的2007年中国、国际十大科技进展新闻于20日揭晓。其中国际和国内共有十大生物科技新闻入围。     

植被生态学学术研讨会暨侯学煜院士逝世10周年纪念会纪要

植被生态学是生态学领域的经典学科 ,也是当前各生态学前沿学科赖以发展的基础。国际知名科学家侯学煜院士是中国植被生态学的奠基人之一 ,他在推动中国生态学研究和大农业的发展中做出了不可磨灭的贡献。今年是这位生态学泰斗辞世 10周年 ,为了缅怀侯先生 ,展望生态学的发展 ,     

2002年国际人类基因组大会(HGM2002)第一轮通知

经各方努力 ,2 0 0 2年国际人类基因组大会———这一人类基因组学界的传统盛会 ,将于 2 0 0 2年 4月 1 3— 1 7日在中国上海举行 ,本次大会特请谈家祯院士为名誉主席 ,陈竺院士和强伯勤院士为本地组委会主席。国际人类基因组大会 (ＨｕｍａｎＧｅｎｏｍｅＭｅｅｔｉｎｇ,简称ＨＧＭ)是由国际人类基因组组织(ＨｕｍａｎＧｅｎｏｍｅＯｒｇａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎ ,简称ＨＵＧＯ)主办的一年一度的著名全球性学术大会 ,此次将是第七次。这将是首次在中国 ,也是首次在发展中国家举办这一会议。前六届会议分别在德国、加拿大、意大利、澳大利亚、苏…     

我国科学家在国际人类蛋白质组组织(HUPO)中努力工作

我会根据学科发展的需要和国际研究的进展 ,也为了促进我国蛋白质组学的研究及在国际上占有一席之地 ,积极组织从事蛋白质组学的研究人员参加国际人类蛋白质组的各种会议进行讨论和交流 .同时也有专家进入国际组织的领导层 ,如贺福初院士、钱小红研究员 (军事医学科学院放射医学研究所 )、夏其昌研究员(中国科学院上海生命科学院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所蛋白质组研究分析中心 )被选为国际人类蛋白质组织 (HUPO)委员 ,同时夏其昌研究员被委聘为J .ProteomeResearch (ACS)杂志的编委 ,贺福初院士被委聘为Proteomics杂志的编委 .加入到…     

消息与动态

南非著名古人类学家托比亚斯来访托比亚斯 (ＰｈｉｌｌｉｐＶａｌｌｅｎｔｉｎｅＴｏｂｉａｓ)先生是南非Ｗｉｔｗａｔｅｒｓｒａｎｄ大学终身教授、国际著名古人类学家、南非皇家科学院资深院士、美国科学院外籍院士、英国皇家科学院院士。他曾与利基夫妇进行长期合作 ,研究东非发现的人类化石 ,并建立了人属能人种 ,对南方古猿作为最早人类的认识也做出了重要贡献。在他领导下发现的 330万年前的南方古猿“小脚”(Ｌｉｔ ｔｌｅＦｏｏｔ)的骨架 ,是 2 0世纪末古人类学最重要的发现之一。托比亚斯先生非常关注中国古人类学的发展。 1994就…     

王振义:击破白血病壁垒的人

日前,第七届圣·乔奇癌症研究创新成就奖获奖名单上出现了两位中国科学家的名字:88岁的中国工程院院士王振义和他的弟子、卫生部部长、中国科学院院士陈竺。与此前获得的国际肿瘤学界的最高奖——凯特林奖、瑞士布鲁巴赫肿瘤研究奖、法国台尔杜加世界奖、美国血液学会"海姆瓦塞曼"     

国内信息

快速生长转基因鲤鱼可望在中国实现商品化由中国科学院院士、中国科学院水生生物所朱作言研究员主持的“快速生长转基因鲤鱼的中试研究”已通过成果鉴定。中国科学院李振声院士、中国工程院刘筠院士和林浩然院士等专家鉴定认为 ,该项研究建立了快速生长转基因鲤鱼的高效、安全养殖模式 ;对转“全鱼”生长激素基因鱼食品消费安全进行了严密的科学实验 ,证实了转“全鱼”生长激素基因鱼的食品消费安全性 ,为转“全鱼”生长激素基因鲤鱼的大规模商品化生产提供了科学依据 ,研究成果居国际领先水平。朱作言院士主持的该项研究 ,筛选获得了快速生…     

Role for dopamine in malonate-induced damage in vivo in striatum and in vitro in mesencephalic cultures

Defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the reactive metabolites generated from the metabolism and oxidation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) are thought to contribute to the damage to neurons of the basal ganglia. We have previously demonstrated that infusions of the metabolic inhibitor malonate into the striata of mice or rats produce degeneration of DA nerve terminals. In the present studies, we demonstrate that an intrastriatal infusion of malonate induces a substantial increase in DA efflux in awake, behaving mice as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with tetrabenazine (TBZ) or the TBZ analogue Ro 4-1284 (Ro-4), compounds that reversibly inhibit the vesicular storage of DA, attenuates the malonate-induced DA efflux as well as the damage to DA nerve terminals. Consistent with these findings, the damage to both DA and GABA neurons in mesencephalic cultures by malonate exposure was attenuated by pretreatment with TBZ or Ro-4. Treatment with these compounds did not affect the formation of free radicals or the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation resulting from malonate exposure alone. Our data suggest that DA plays an important role in the neurotoxicity produced by malonate. These findings provide direct evidence that inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase causes an increase in extracellular DA levels and indicate that bioenergetic defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic neurodegenerative diseases through a mechanism involving DA.     

Changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity in chicken tissues in hyperthyreosis in ontogenesis

The lactate dehydrogenase activity in reactions of lactate oxidation and synthesis was studied in subfractions of the chicken brain, heart and liver at the embryonal, early postembryonal and adult stages of development after thyroxine administration. It has been shown that during embryogenesis thyroxine predominantly enhanced the rate of lactate oxidation in the mitochondrial tissues. A marked increase in the lactate synthesis was found in cytoplasm of the adult chicken tissues. Specificity of enzyme activity alterations was detected in the chicken brain during ontogenesis after thyroxine administration.     

Scurvy in capybaras bred in captivity in Argentine

In order to determine if the absence of vitamin C in the diet of capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) causes scurvy, a group of seven young individuals were fed food pellets without ascorbic acid, while another group of eight individuals received the same food with 1 g of ascorbic acid per animal per day. Animals in the first group developed signs of scurvy-like gingivitis, breaking of the incisors and death of one animal. Clinical signs appeared between 25 and 104 days from the beginning of the trial in all individuals. Growth rates of individuals deprived of vitamin C was considerably less than those observed in the control group. Deficiency of ascorbic acid had a severe effect on reproduction of another population of captive capybaras. We found that the decrease in ascorbic acid content in the diet affected pregnancy, especially during the first stages. The results obtained suggest that it is necessary to supply a suitable quantity of vitamin C in the diet of this species in captivity.     

SSTR5 ablation in islet results in alterations in glucose homeostasis in mice

Somatostatin (SST) peptide is a potent inhibitor of insulin secretion and its effect is mediated via somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) in the endocrine pancreas. To investigate the consequences of gene ablation of SSTR5 in the mouse pancreas, we have generated a mouse model in which the SSTR5 gene was specifically knocked down in the pancreatic beta cells (betaSSTR5Kd) using the Cre-lox system. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that SSTR5 gene expression was absent in beta cells at three months of age. At the time of gene ablation, betaSSTR5Kd mice demonstrated glucose intolerance with lack of insulin response and significantly reduced serum insulin levels. Insulin tolerance test demonstrated a significant increase of insulin clearance in vivo at the same age. In vitro studies demonstrated an absence of response to SST-28 stimulation in the betaSSTR5Kd mouse islet, which was associated with a significantly reduced SST expression level in betaSSTR5Kd mice pancreata. In addition, betaSSTR5Kd mice had significantly reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels at 12 months of age. Glucose tolerance test at an older age also indicated a persistently higher insulin level in betaSSTR5Kd mice. Further studies of betaSSTR5Kd mice had revealed elevated serum C-peptide levels at both 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting that these mice are capable of producing and releasing insulin to the periphery. These results support the hypothesis that SSTR5 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas.