锤胁跷蝽触角转录组分析

为了获得锤胁跷蝽(Yemma signatus Hsiao)触角基因信息,本研究使用Illumina HiSeq TM 4 000高通量测序技术对锤胁跷蝽成虫触角进行转录组测序和生物学信息分析。共获得61 080 938条clean reads,包括9.16 G (GenBank登录号:SRR3348966)。拼接115 491条unigenes,平均长度为578 bp,N50为863 bp。在7大数据库中注释到46 224条unigenes,其中在NR数据库中注释的基因最多,为32 842 (28.43%)条,与内华达古白蚁(Zootermopsis nevadensis)相似度最高(9.0%)。转录组数据分析鉴定出125个与嗅觉相关的基因,其中66个嗅觉受体、11个味觉受体、1个离子型受体、3个感觉神经元膜蛋白、30个气味结合蛋白和14个化学感受蛋白基因。本研究首次获得锤胁跷蝽触角转录组数据,并鉴定出嗅觉相关基因,本研究为今后利用嗅觉基因靶标防治害虫提供了分子生物学信息数据。     

Insect Odorant Response Sensitivity Is Tuned by Metabotropically Autoregulated Olfactory Receptors

Insects possess one of the most exquisitely sensitive olfactory systems in the animal kingdom, consisting of three different types of chemosensory receptors: ionotropic glutamate-like receptors (IRs), gustatory receptors (GRs) and odorant receptors (ORs). Both insect ORs and IRs are ligand-gated ion channels, but ORs possess a unique configuration composed of an odorant-specific protein OrX and a ubiquitous coreceptor (Orco). In addition, these two ionotropic receptors confer different tuning properties for the neurons in which they are expressed. Unlike IRs, neurons expressing ORs are more sensitive and can also be sensitized by sub-threshold concentrations of stimuli. What is the mechanistic basis for these differences in tuning? We show that intrinsic regulation of Orco enhances neuronal response to odorants and sensitizes the ORs. We also demonstrate that inhibition of metabotropic regulation prevents receptor sensitization. Our results indicate that Orco-mediated regulation of OR sensitivity provides tunable ionotropic receptors capable of detecting odors over a wider range of concentrations, providing broadened sensitivity over IRs themselves.