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1.
普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)的SSR遗传多样性研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
利用SSR标记对分布在我国7个省的17个居群普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)的种质资源进行研究,结果表明:17个居群普通野生稻的遗传多样性有着显著的差异,从UPGMA聚类结果可以看出普通野生稻的遗传多样性与其生态地理分布有显著的相关性,遗传多样性指数高的地区极有可能是栽培稻的起源中心;用筛选出的7对SSR引物对336份:DNA样品进行扩增,得到60条特异条带,在分子水平上进一步证明普通野生稻的起源为两广地区;本研究也表明SSR是进行遗传资源多样性研究的一种切实有效的研究方法。 相似文献
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RFLP analyses were carried out in the progeny from a cross of two phylogenetically distant rice species, wild rice Oryza alta Swallen (CCDD, 2n = 48) and cultivated rice O. sativa L. (AA, 2n = 24). The sterile plants gave heterozygous RFLP patterns at most of the loci detected. They looked more like their wild rice parent, with 36 chromosomes in their root-tip cells and pollen mother cells. In two partially fertile plants, however, most of the markers that were used showed RFLP patterns similar to the cultivated parent, O. sativa. By cytological study, it was found that nearly one-third of the chromosomes had been eliminated in the partially fertile plants. Their seeds have short awns, which is a characteristic of their wild parent, O. alta. An introgression occurred in one of the partially fertile plants, which led to the discussion about a nonconventional mechanism in wide hybridization for transference of wild rice chromosome segments to cultivated rice chromosomes. 相似文献
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Summary The mechanical properties of the cell wall were measured in coleoptiles of totally etiolated rice seedlings. Coleoptiles were either decapitated or briefly exposed to red (R) and/or far-red (FR) light. The elastic and plastic extensibilities of the cell wall changed with age (length) of the coleoptiles. Decapitation and exposure to R induced changes in these properties, and the time-courses were similar. Following decapitation or R irradiation, the plastic extensibility of the cell wall decreased more conspicuously than elastic extensibility. Exogenous application of auxin immediately following decapitation alleviated the effect of removal of the tip. FR irradiation reduced both kinds of extensibilities, but its effect was much less than that of R, and it reversed the R-induced effect to the level of tissue treated with FR only. In repeated R-FR treatments, the decrease of elastic extensibility by R and its reversal by FR could be repeated, but the effect of a second irradiation with R after FR on plastic extensibility was not as apparent as that of the first. Reduction of cell-wall extensibility of etiolated rice coleoptiles caused by R light appeared, at least partly, to be due to a reduced auxin supply in the elongating region from the tip, similar to that caused by decapitation. 相似文献
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Summary In-vivo phytochrome determinations in totally etiolated rice seedlings with a dual-wavelength spectrophotometer showed that on a fresh weight basis phytochrome concentration was highest in the coleoptile apex (0.175 of mean) ( O.D.) g-1 (fresh weight). The age of the seedlings had little effect on the pattern of phytochrome distribution in the coleoptiles.The extent of growth inhibition observed 2 days after the irradiations was proportional to the logarithm of P
fr amount in the coleoptiles at the time of initial exposure to either red or blue light. Ultraviolet irradiation, however, did not induce either reversible growth inhibition or optically detectable phytochrome changes in vivo.After the conversion of P
r to P
fr bya brief red irradiation, non-photochemical transformation of phytochrome was observed in intact coleoptile tissues. Most of the optically measurable P
fr disappeared within 6 hours at 27°, when the total ( O.D.) decreased to about one fifth of the original level. The optical data did not agree with the fact that 50% of the initial physiological reversibility was still observed 9 hours later. No significant difference in dark transformation rate was seen between intact and excised coleoptile tissues.Abbreviations
P
r
red light absorbing form of phytochrome
-
P
fr
far-red light absorbing form of phytochrome
- ( O.D.)
the change in the optical density difference reading at two wavelengths, following irradiation of the sample with actinic sources of red and far-red light
- UV
ultraviolet light 相似文献
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In Sun Hwang Woo-Ri Kang Duk-Ju Hwang Shin-Chul Bae Sung-Hwan Yun Il-Pyung Ahn 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2013,51(6):858-865
Bakanae disease caused by Fusarium fujikuroi is an important fungal disease in rice. Among the seven strains isolated from symptomatic rice grains in this study, one strain, FfB14, triggered severe root growth inhibition and decay in the crown and root of rice seedlings. The remaining six strains caused typical Bakanae symptoms such as etiolation and abnormal succulent rice growth. To reveal the relationship between mycelial growth in the infected tissues and Bakanae disease progression, we have established a reliable quantification method using real time PCR that employs a primer pair and dual-labeled probe specific to a unigene encoding F. fujikuroi PNG1 (FfPNG1), which is located upstream of the fumonisin biosynthesis gene cluster. Plotting the crossing point (CP) values from the infected tissue DNAs on a standard curve revealed the active fungal growth of FfB14 in the root and crown of rice seedlings, while the growth rate of FfB20 in rice was more than 4 times lower than FfB14. Massive infective mycelial growth of FfB14 was evident in rice stems and crown; however, FfB20 did not exhibit vigorous growth. Our quantitative evaluation system is applicable for the identification of fungal virulence factors other than gibberellin. 相似文献
7.
Genetic engineering of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Pusa basmati 1) using synthetic Cry1Ac gene has been achieved by “particle bombardment”. Scutellar tissues excised after 5 – 6 d from mature seeds cultured on
induction medium were bombarded using gold particles coated with a mixture of Cry1Ac and marker genes on medium with osmoticum. Bombarded tissues were subjected to 30 mg dm−3 hygromycin selection for two cycles. The selected calli after GUS assay were transferred to shoot regeneration medium. Regenerated
shoots were rooted and plantlets (T0) were grown to full maturity. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of T0 plants using Cry1Ac specific primers revealed the presence of Cry1Ac gene in 65 % plants. Phenotypic assay, β-glucuronidase assay and PCR during T1 generation revealed the inheritance of the Cry1Ac and marker genes along with the native plant genes. 相似文献
8.
MITE-AFLP markers were successfully used to study the genetic variation and species relationship in Oryza species. Analysis of 53 accessions of Oryza species with seven MITE-AFLP primer combinations detected a total of 250 polymorphic fragments. High polymorphism was detected within and between Oryza species. Species relationships were analyzed by the pattern of presence or absence of homologous fragments, because nucleotide sequences of the detected MITE-AFLP fragments revealed that the same fragments in different species shared very high sequence homology. The genetic distances (GDs) between species were higher than those within species and the GDs in O. sativa complex were higher than those in O. officinalis complex. The phylogenetic tree recognized two major groups at 62% genetic similarity; group I consists of all AA genome species of the O. sativa complex, and group II consists of BB-, CC-, EE- and BBCC genome species of the O. officinalis complex. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the MITE-AFLP technique provide a tool for studying the genetic variation and species relationship in Oryza species. 相似文献
9.
Protocols were developed for plant regeneration from callus induced in mature embryos of rice. Somaclonal variation was scored
by genome mutation, chromosome mutation and plasmon mutation in R0, R1 and R2 plant progenies. The frequency of haploids and diploids appeared in the ratio of 20:33. Variation in the chromosome number
in callus cells was found to be high and age dependent. Different types of chlorophyll deficient mutants including albinos
appeared in R2 plant progeny where gene mutation frequency was the highest (52.4 %). The results revealed that a high frequency of somaclonal
variation is possible to generate by tissue culture techniques.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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