首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 133 毫秒
1.
分子生物学技术在昆虫系统学研究中的应用   总被引:45,自引:1,他引:44  
分子生物学技术应用于昆虫系统学研究,是80年代末新兴起来的,近几年来发展相当迅速。为了把握这个研究方向,并促进这个研究领域的发展,作者从研究方法、研究内容、研究对象等方面着手,对近10年来分子生物学技术应用于昆虫系统学中的研究进展进行了概括和总结。介绍了DNA序列测定、RFLP,分子杂交技术、RFPL、分子杂交技术、RAPD、SSCP及DSCP等几种主要方法及其应用情况,并从种及种下阶元的分类鉴定  相似文献   

2.
植物分子分类与鉴定综述   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
桂君  谭晓风 《生命科学研究》1998,2(4):253-257,277
以高等植物为对象,首先从nDNA、cpDNA、mtDNA三方面对植物分子分类与鉴定的分子基础进行综述,然后阐述RFLP、RAPD、AFLP及SSR等分子分类方法的特点及应用。  相似文献   

3.
DNA分子系统学在爬行动物中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
爬行动物因其在脊椎动物中具有承上启下的作用,对其进行系统学研究,了解它们的进化关系显得尤为重要。本文DNA杂交、DNA指纹、RFLP、RAPD及测序等五个方面对爬行动物的DNA分子系统学研究工作进行了综述,对其中的一些问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

4.
用PCR—RFLP方法研究藏族HLA0—DQA1和—DQB1基因多态性   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
李霞  张咸宁 《遗传学报》1998,25(5):398-402
应用目前HLA研究领域中成熟的、有效的PCR-RFLP基因分型技术,从DNA水平对藏族健康群体进行了HLA-DQA1(49人)和-DQB1(49人)基因分型,这在国内外属首次。所采用的PCR-RFLP基因分型技术是在HLA-DQA1和-DQB1各等位基因全部序列已知的情况下,对其第2个外显子碱基序列扩增进而进行RFLP分析的方法。这种方法得到的RFLP的所有片段都是已知序列,因而精确度很高,同时为  相似文献   

5.
植物病原真菌中DNA分子鉴定技术   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
就基因组DNA中G+C含量、分子杂交、聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)、随机扩增多态性(RAPD),以及扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)等分子标记技术,在植物病原真菌鉴定工作中的应用情况和发展趋势作了介绍。  相似文献   

6.
植物总DNA样品的快速制备   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
利用Qiagen微量植物DNA提取试剂盒,在1小时内即可从植物组织获得总DNA,提取过程中勿需酚/氯仿和SDS抽提,操作简便、快捷。所得DNA样品的OD260/OD280值在1.7-1.9之间。样品纯度高;该样品不含PCR反应抑制剂及其他酶反应抑制剂,可被各种限制性内酶完全降解,适合于PCR、印迹、RAPD、AFLP和RFLP分析等各种下游应用。  相似文献   

7.
常用实验用近交系小鼠粒体DNA遗传变异的分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
戴纪刚  肖颖彬  魏泓 《遗传学报》2001,28(2):115-119
应用PCR-RFLP和PCR-SSCP技术,研究了分析了国内常用的实验用近交系小鼠线粒体DNA(mtDNA)的品种间遗传变异。PCR-RFLP分析发现,小鼠mtDNA的D-loop、tRNA^Met Glu Ile及ND3基因核酸序列,在46个限制性内切酶酶切位点上均无差异;用PCR-SSCP分析方法对这些小鼠mtDNA的高变异区D-Loop的5′及3′端作进一步分析,亦未发现品种间遗传变异。结合mtDNA具有的母系遗传方式的特点,这一结果提示:常用的实验用近交系小鼠形成中可能只有1种雌性血统起了作用。  相似文献   

8.
扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)——一种新的分子标记技术   总被引:40,自引:0,他引:40  
AFLP(扩增性片段长度多态性)是一种新的DNA分子标记。与RFLP、RAPD相比,AFLP具有在一次试验中可同时观察到大量的限制性片段的优点。本文阐述了AFLP的原理和方法,综述了AFLP目前在植物遗传育种研究中的应用进展,并对AFLP技术在植物遗传育种中的应用前景提出了初步设想。  相似文献   

9.
植物种群研究中的分子标记及其应用   总被引:19,自引:4,他引:15  
综述了植物种群分子生态研究中各种标记法及其应用,包括等位酶、AFLP、RAPD、SSR及RFLP等方法,并根据所涉及的有关研究论述及研究工作总结比较了各种方法应用在植物种群学研究中的利弊,强调应依不同的研究目的采用不同的分子标记方法,各种标记方法对解决不同的问题在质和量上是不同的。  相似文献   

10.
近几年,有关幽门螺杆菌(HP)基因分型方法及其应用的研究取得了很大进展。基因分型方法包括:质粒分型、限制性内切酶分型(REA)、核糖分型、染色体DNA脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型、多聚酶链反应限制性内切酶消化(PCR-RFLP)分型、任意引物PCR(AP-PCR)分型、PCR单链构型多态性(PCR-SSCP)分型和核苷酸序列分析等。基因分型方法广泛用于HP的研究,如基因图的构建、感染复发、耐药机  相似文献   

11.
在植物系统与进化研究中,为了揭示真实本质,必须从分子水平进行研究。植物分子系统学的研究包括两大方面,一是蛋白质与酶,二是核酸。酶电泳是分子水平上研究植物分子遗传学最经济有效的方法,可以有效地揭示自然居群中遗传结构、基因流动、变化系统、选择作用和系统发育等问题。植物核酸系统学的研究倍受青睐,因为核酸分子是最基本的进化单元,几乎不受主观因素影响。相关的核酸分析技术主要有:DNA杂交、DNA限制酶谱分析、RFLP分析、DNA指纹图技术、RAPD分析和核酸序列分析。在植物系统学和进化研究中,结合各方面的生物学证据,才能显示植物分子系统学的独特优势。  相似文献   

12.
DNA分子量标准制备技术:方法与进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
DNA分子量标准是一组分子量大小已知的DNA片段混合物,用于指示核酸电泳中未知样品的分子量大小,从而帮助实验人员判断DNA样品的性质。因而DNA分子量标准成为目前分子生物学和基因工程领域不可或缺的一种电泳耗材。综述了目前各种DNA分子量标准产品的制备方法和技术原理及近年来该领域的一些技术进展情况。  相似文献   

13.
Cellular nucleic acid binding protein (CNBP) is a small single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein made of seven Zn knuckles and an Arg-Gly rich box. CNBP is strikingly conserved among vertebrates and was reported to play broad-spectrum functions in eukaryotic cells biology. Neither its biological function nor its mechanisms of action were elucidated yet. The main goal of this work was to gain further insights into the CNBP biochemical and molecular features. We studied Bufo arenarum CNBP (bCNBP) binding to single-stranded nucleic acid probes representing the main reported CNBP putative targets. We report that, although bCNBP is able to bind RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probes in vitro, it binds RNA as a preformed dimer whereas both monomer and dimer are able to bind to ssDNA. A systematic analysis of variant probes shows that the preferred bCNBP targets contain unpaired guanosine-rich stretches. These data expand the knowledge about CNBP binding stoichiometry and begins to dissect the main features of CNBP nucleic acid targets. Besides, we show that bCNBP presents a highly disordered predicted structure and promotes the annealing and melting of nucleic acids in vitro. These features are typical of proteins that function as nucleic acid chaperones. Based on these data, we propose that CNBP may function as a nucleic acid chaperone through binding, remodeling, and stabilizing nucleic acids secondary structures. This novel CNBP biochemical activity broadens the field of study about its biological function and may be the basis to understand the diverse ways in which CNBP controls gene expression.  相似文献   

14.
Critical to most studies in molecular microbial ecology is the application of DNA/RNA extraction methods which can reveal the true level of population biodiversity present in samples from the community under investigation. Activated sludge communities have been studied extensively using molecular methods, but rarely have the nucleic acid isolation methods applied been assessed for their ability to achieve this. This study compares eight published RNA and DNA extraction protocols and one commercially available DNA isolation kit for their capacity to provide high quality nucleic acids that reflect the community composition. Each method was assessed on the basis of nucleic acid yield, purity and integrity, and the ability to provide PCR amplifiable RNA and DNA from known marker populations that varied in their resistance to nucleic acid extraction. Only three consistently provided DNA from each of the marker populations known to be present in the samples from fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis. The failure of the other methods emphasises the need to validate all DNA/RNA extraction protocols. It is recommended that several validated extraction methods be used and the extracts pooled to further minimise any risk of bias.  相似文献   

15.
分子生物学技术如同工酶电泳、RFLP、RAPD、核酸序列分析、微卫星DNA和探针杂交等,在实蝇科昆虫系统发育研究中具有重要作用。利用这些技术对实蝇种群进行系统发育研究,揭示其亲缘及进化关系,从生命本质上寻找实蝇种群间的内在联系。文章综述上述几种分子生物学技术在实蝇科昆虫核酸结构、种内和种间的亲缘及进化关系等方面的研究进展,分析在应用中存在的问题,展望这些分子生物学技术在实蝇科昆虫系统发育中的应用前景。  相似文献   

16.
17.
Enzymatic labeling of nucleic acids is a fundamental tool in molecular biology with virtually every aspect of nucleic acid hybridization technique involving the use of labeled probes. Different methods for enzymatic labeling of DNA, RNA and oligonucleotide probes are available today. In this review, we will describe both radioactive and nonradioactive labeling methods, yet the choice of system for labeling the probe depends on the application under study.  相似文献   

18.
In moving towards the simulation of larger nucleic acid assemblies over longer timescales that include more accurate representations of the environment, we are nearing the end of an era characterized by single nanosecond molecular dynamics simulation of nucleic acids. We are excited by the promise and predictability of the modeling methods, yet remain prudently cautious of sampling and force field limitations. Highlights include the accurate representation of subtle drug-DNA interactions, the detailed study of modified and unusual nucleic acid structures, insight into the influence of dynamics on the structure of DNA, and exploration of the interaction of solvent and ions with nucleic acids.  相似文献   

19.
20.
We describe here methods and strategies for amplifying and sequencing the genes encoding the small subunits (16/18S) of nuclear and chloroplast ribosomal DNA (rDNA) from total plant DNA. These methods were developed in response to technical difficulties we encountered in our molecular systematic work with members of various plant families. These protocols have proved useful when the amount of tissue available for study is limited and when the tissues have high concentrations of undesirable secondary metabolites which are often co-isolated with nucleic acids.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号