新疆玛纳斯热气泉免培养土壤细菌多样性分析

【目的】了解新疆玛纳斯热气泉土壤免培养细菌群落组成及多样性。【方法】采用免培养法直接从土壤样品中提取总DNA,利用细菌通用引物对土壤总DNA进行16S rDNA扩增,构建细菌16SrDNA文库。使用HaeⅢ限制性内切酶对阳性克隆进行限制性片段长度多态性分析(restriction fragment length polymorphism,RFLP),挑选具有不同酶切图谱的克隆进行测序、比对并构建16SrDNA系统发育树。【结果】从土壤细菌16S rDNA文库中随机挑选了170个阳性克隆,共得到29个不同的分类单元(operational taxonomic unit,OTU)。系统发育分析归为6个门:酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)。其中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)为绝对优势类群,占整个细菌文库的71%。29个OTUs中有14条序列与GenBank中相关序列的相似性低于97%(序列长度约1.5kb),占序列总数的48%。【结论】热气泉土壤细菌种群多样性较低,但存在大量潜在细菌新种。     

云南洱源牛街热泉原核微生物多样性分析

【目的】通过分析富含高分子有机物的云南洱源牛街热泉原核微生物16SrRNA基因克隆文库,丰富对高温热泉原核微生物多样性的认识,为进一步开发和利用该热泉微生物资源奠定基础。【方法】构建洱源牛街高温热泉原核微生物16SrRNA基因克隆文库,通过测序和序列相似性比对以及聚类分析研究该热泉原核微生物的多样性。【结果】该热泉原核微生物以细菌为主,包括变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)等在内的约10个细菌类群,其中变形菌门中的β-变形菌纲(β-Proteobacteria)为优势菌群,其次为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、绿菌门(Chlorobi);古菌的生物量和丰度较细菌少,分属广古菌(Euryarchaeota)和泉古菌(Crenarchaeota)两个类群,以广古菌为优势类群。     

西藏扎布耶盐湖细菌多样性的免培养技术分析

【目的】利用免培养技术,获得有关西藏高原高盐度、高海拔盐湖的细菌多样性认识。【方法】从西藏扎布耶盐湖沉积样品中提取微生物总DNA,利用细菌引物f530/r1492扩增16S rRNA基因,然后构建16S rRNA基因质粒文库。采用HaeⅢ和HhaⅠ两种内切酶对阳性克隆质粒DNA进行ARDRA分型分析,根据分型结果挑选克隆进行测序。得到它们的16SrRNA基因部分序列,根据获得的序列构建构建系统发育树。【结果】在系统发育树上,部分克隆(占总克隆数的57.14%)与已知细菌属归于同一分支,主要分布在γ-变形菌纲、α-变形菌纲、δ-变形菌纲、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)的23个嗜盐细菌属之中。其余的克隆为未培养序列,与前者差异很大,在进化树上形成了独立的分支。【结论】研究结果显示出扎布耶茶卡湖中的细菌组成具有极其丰富的多样性。     

野生大豆抗感大豆孢囊线虫材料内生细菌多样性分析

【目的】对抗感野生大豆材料根内生细菌的多样性进行比较分析,为研究野生大豆内生细菌与大豆孢囊线虫之间的相互关系奠定基础。【方法】在野生大豆抗大豆孢囊线虫3号生理小种筛选基础上,利用扩增核糖体DNA限制性分析(Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis,ARDRA)和16S rDNA克隆文库测序相结合的方法,对抗感野生大豆根系内生细菌多样性及群落结构进行分析。【结果】野生大豆根内生细菌分属于6大类群,其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)为优势类群,相对丰度分别为46.8%和13.6%,另外有少量的放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、异常球菌-栖热菌门(Deincoccus-Thermus)和古细菌(Archaea),18.8%克隆序列与环境中未培养细菌的16S rDNA序列有较高的相似性。野生大豆高抗材料内生细菌的多样性比高感材料更为丰富,且抗感材料内生细菌优势菌群存在明显差异,中慢生根瘤菌(Mesorhizobium tamadayense)、肠杆菌(Enterobacter ludwigii)和巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)为野生大豆高抗材料特有的可操作分类单元(Operational Taxonomic Units,OTUs)中的优势种群。【结论】研究结果表明抗感野生大豆根内生细菌的优势种群存在明显差异,而内生细菌的优势种群与大豆孢囊线虫的相互关系正在深入分析研究。     

红豆杉免培养内生细菌多样性的初步研究

【目的】了解红豆杉(Taxus chinensis)内生细菌的组成及多样性。【方法】提取红豆杉组织总DNA,选用细菌通用引物799F和1492R对总DNA进行16S rDNA特异性扩增,构建红豆杉内生细菌16S rDNA克隆文库,对阳性克隆进行PCR-RFLP(限制性内切酶片段长度多态性)分析,并对酶切带谱不同的菌液进行测序,构建系统发育树。【结果】根据酶切带谱分析和测序结果的不同,将随机挑取的158个阳性克隆归为26个不同的可操作分类单元(OUTs),系统发育分析表明这些克隆序列分别属于变形菌门(Proteobacteria,包含Alpha、Beta、Gamma、Delta亚群)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)4个门。其中,变形菌门(Proteobacteria,占克隆总数的58.86%)为最优势类群。序列比对结果表明这些克隆序列分别与已报道的20个属具有较高的相似性。此外,还有一个OUTs在系统发育树上形成独立分支且未能确定其分类。【结论】红豆杉内生细菌多样性丰富,并且可能存在新的分类单元。     

海南海口温泉真菌、细菌多样性及其环境影响因素分析

【目的】海南海口含有丰富的温泉资源,对温泉微生物多样性进行研究,有助于进一步开发和利用海南温泉微生物资源。【方法】本文采用Illumina Hi Seq高通量测序技术对海口3个温泉[海甸岛荣域温泉(S1)、火山口开心农场温泉(S2)和西海岸海长流温泉(S3)]水样中微生物ITS序列和16Sr RNA基因V3-V4区进行测序及生物信息学分析,探究海口市3个不同区域的温泉真菌多样性与细菌多样性。【结果】(1)α多样性分析表明,真菌群落中,S3(29)S1(29)S2,而在细菌群落中,S2(29)S1(29)S3。β多样性分析表明,3个温泉真菌群落和细菌群落组成差异皆显著。(2)分类分析表明,温泉真菌群落优势菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota),细菌群落优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、Thermi、硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae)、绿菌门(Chlorobi)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)。(3) CCA (Canonical correspondence analysis)分析表明,3个温泉的真菌群落主要影响因子是温度,细菌群落主要影响因子是总磷。【结论】海南省海口市温泉中含有丰富的微生物资源,其微生物群落组成受多种环境因子影响,且影响真菌和细菌的主要环境因子不同。     

胡杨叶片及韧皮部内生细菌多样性及生物学功能分析

【目的】通过分析胡杨叶片及树干内生细菌群落多样性、结构特征及生物学功能,探究内生细菌与宿主胡杨的互作机制。【方法】利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,对采集自新疆喀什地区胡杨林的3组胡杨树叶和3组树干样本的内生细菌进行Alpha、Beta多样性分析、群落组成分析以及通过比对代谢数据库进行群落功能预测,并对样品中内生细菌进行分离纯化鉴定。【结果】胡杨树叶优势菌群依次为变形菌门Proteobacteria(40.71%)、放线菌门Actinobacteria(21.76%)、拟杆菌门Bacteroidetes (14.24%)和厚壁菌门Firmicutes (13.92%);胡杨树干优势菌群为厚壁菌门Firmicutes(56.91%)、放线菌门Actinobacteria(37.01%)。PCoA分析结果表明,胡杨树叶与树干的内生细菌群落结构存在明显差异,同类型组织样本群落结构相似。功能预测发现,内生细菌丰度较高的代谢通路及酶大多与细胞壁和细胞膜、外排泵、氧化应激、相容性溶质、能量代谢等相关。并分离到可培养内生细菌44株,分属5个属,其中芽孢杆菌属占比最多。【结论】胡杨叶片中...     

基于高通量测序技术研究水貂远端肠道细菌群落组成

【目的】研究水貂远端肠道微生物群落组成及其多样性。【方法】通过高通量测序技术研究水貂远端肠内容物细菌的组成和多样性。【结果】从10只健康水貂远端肠道内容物样品中得到146 287高质量序列代表17个菌门、167个细菌属。水貂肠道细菌以厚壁菌门(59.99%)、拟杆菌门(16.2%)、梭杆菌门(11.5%)、放线菌门(5.9%)和变形菌门(5.3%)为主,其中厚壁菌门最为丰富。厚壁菌门中的梭菌目是最丰富的目,而梭菌目中的链球菌占有50%以上的OTUs,是最大的细菌属。【结论】水貂肠道内存在复杂的微生物区系,这对进一步研究水貂对营养物质吸收利用提供了理论基础。     

五大连池不同火山喷发沉积物的细菌群落多样性研究

【目的】揭示五大连池火山区的细菌多样性。【方法】运用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术解析五大连池不同火山喷发沉积物中细菌的群落组成和分布规律。【结果】五大连池火山区沉积物中的细菌主要包含厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)等23个细菌门类,其中,厚壁菌门、变形菌门丰度较高,芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)为绝对优势菌群。另外,由于火山物质的同源性,导致各沉积物中细菌的代谢通路多与C、N、S、Fe等元素的生化循环相关,群落结构及功能具有一定程度的相似性。但由于各研究区域在沉积组分、环境因素及地质演化进程上的差异,致使芽孢杆菌属、地杆菌属(Geobacter)、酸杆菌属(Acidobacterium)、嘉利翁氏菌属(Gallionella)、Blastocatella等部分种群在不同火山沉积物中呈现差异化分布,具有典型的地域适应特性。【结论】五大连池火山沉积物中含有较为丰富的细菌资源,为今后挖掘功能性种质及进一步探讨微生物群落与火山环境之间的关系提供基础数据。     

基于高通量测序技术研究水貂远端肠道细菌群落组成（英文）

【目的】研究水貂远端肠道微生物群落组成及其多样性。【方法】通过高通量测序技术研究水貂远端肠内容物细菌的组成和多样性。【结果】从10只健康水貂远端肠道内容物样品中得到146 287高质量序列代表17个菌门、167个细菌属。水貂肠道细菌以厚壁菌门(59.99%)、拟杆菌门(16.2%)、梭杆菌门(11.5%)、放线菌门(5.9%)和变形菌门(5.3%)为主,其中厚壁菌门最为丰富。厚壁菌门中的梭菌目是最丰富的目,而梭菌目中的链球菌占有50%以上的OTUs,是最大的细菌属。【结论】水貂肠道内存在复杂的微生物区系,这对进一步研究水貂对营养物质吸收利用提供了理论基础。     

Functional characterization of nine Norway Spruce TPS genes and evolution of gymnosperm terpene synthases of the TPS-d subfamily

Constitutive and induced terpenoids are important defense compounds for many plants against potential herbivores and pathogens. In Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst), treatment with methyl jasmonate induces complex chemical and biochemical terpenoid defense responses associated with traumatic resin duct development in stems and volatile terpenoid emissions in needles. The cloning of (+)-3-carene synthase was the first step in characterizing this system at the molecular genetic level. Here we report the isolation and functional characterization of nine additional terpene synthase (TPS) cDNAs from Norway spruce. These cDNAs encode four monoterpene synthases, myrcene synthase, (-)-limonene synthase, (-)-alpha/beta-pinene synthase, and (-)-linalool synthase; three sesquiterpene synthases, longifolene synthase, E,E-alpha-farnesene synthase, and E-alpha-bisabolene synthase; and two diterpene synthases, isopimara-7,15-diene synthase and levopimaradiene/abietadiene synthase, each with a unique product profile. To our knowledge, genes encoding isopimara-7,15-diene synthase and longifolene synthase have not been previously described, and this linalool synthase is the first described from a gymnosperm. These functionally diverse TPS account for much of the structural diversity of constitutive and methyl jasmonate-induced terpenoids in foliage, xylem, bark, and volatile emissions from needles of Norway spruce. Phylogenetic analyses based on the inclusion of these TPS into the TPS-d subfamily revealed that functional specialization of conifer TPS occurred before speciation of Pinaceae. Furthermore, based on TPS enclaves created by distinct branching patterns, the TPS-d subfamily is divided into three groups according to sequence similarities and functional assessment. Similarities of TPS evolution in angiosperms and modeling of TPS protein structures are discussed.     

Genomic analysis of the terpenoid synthase (<Emphasis Type="Italic">AtTPS</Emphasis>) gene family of<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Arabidopsis thaliana</Emphasis>

A family of 40 terpenoid synthase genes ( AtTPS) was discovered by genome sequence analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana. This is the largest and most diverse group of TPS genes currently known for any species. AtTPS genes cluster into five phylogenetic subfamilies of the plant TPS superfamily. Surprisingly, thirty AtTPS closely resemble, in all aspects of gene architecture, sequence relatedness and phylogenetic placement, the genes for plant monoterpene synthases, sesquiterpene synthases or diterpene synthases of secondary metabolism. Rapid evolution of these AtTPS resulted from repeated gene duplication and sequence divergence with minor changes in gene architecture. In contrast, only two AtTPS genes have known functions in basic (primary) metabolism, namely gibberellin biosynthesis. This striking difference in rates of gene diversification in primary and secondary metabolism is relevant for an understanding of the evolution of terpenoid natural product diversity. Eight AtTPS genes are interrupted and are likely to be inactive pseudogenes. The localization of AtTPS genes on all five chromosomes reflects the dynamics of the Arabidopsis genome; however, several AtTPS genes are clustered and organized in tandem repeats. Furthermore, some AtTPS genes are localized with prenyltransferase genes ( AtGGPPS, geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase) in contiguous genomic clusters encoding consecutive steps in terpenoid biosynthesis. The clustered organization may have implications for TPS gene evolution and the evolution of pathway segments for the synthesis of terpenoid natural products. Phylogenetic analyses highlight events in the divergence of the TPS paralogs and suggest orthologous genes and a model for the evolution of the TPS gene family.     

基于高通量测序的辐射污染区细菌群落特征分析

【目的】为了更加全面地揭示辐射污染区细菌种群多样性,了解辐射污染对辐射区土壤中细菌群落结构的影响。【方法】运用高通量测序方法,分别进行了土样细菌16S r RNA基因的V3可变区测序,进而对无辐射污染对照和不同辐射污染程度的土样中细菌群落组成和多样性进行分析。【结果】研究共获得110 348条有效序列,17 604个OTUs,共涉及细菌域的19个门和6个潜在菌门和其它未分类菌群的726个属。多样性分析表明,辐射污染会引起土壤样品中微生物群落的分布显著差异化,显著提高细菌群落种群多样性和微生物丰度。微生物群落组成分析发现,在辐射污染胁迫下,辐射污染区样品中变形杆菌门分布比例显著下降;随着辐射污染程度的提高,放线菌门所占比例逐步提高,未分类菌门、厚壁菌门和酸杆菌门也有明显的提高。同时,研究发现辐射污染区中存在着大量未分类菌属。【结论】研究揭示了辐射污染区极为丰富的细菌多样性,大量微生物新物种资源有待发掘。     

枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对烟草根际土壤细菌群落的影响

通过构建16S rRNA克隆文库及采用核糖体DNA扩增片段酶切分析(ARDRA)的方法,研究施用生物防治剂枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对烟草根际土壤细菌群落结构以及多样性的影响.采用文库库容值(C)、Shannon多样性指数(H)、Pielou 均匀度指数(E)和Margalef丰富度指数(R)对细菌多样性进行评价.系统发育分析表明: 对照及处理样品均检测到12个细菌类群：酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、变形菌门(α 、β 、δ 、γ-Proteobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes);但各细菌类群的结构组成及所占比例在不同样品间有较大差别.对照土壤中优势菌群为Acidobacteria(27.1%)和Proteobacteria(26.5%);处理土壤中则为Proteobacteria(38.0%)和Acidobacteria(29.6%);菌剂处理后土壤中,γ-Proteobacteria和α Proteobacteria所占比例明显提高,而β Proteobacteria、Planctomycetes和Firmicutes等菌群的数量则相对降低.多样性分析表明,土壤样品均具有丰富的细菌多样性,经枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂处理后,土壤细菌多样性指数和丰富度指数均提高.
     

中粒咖啡萜类合成酶基因家族的生物信息学分析

萜类化合物具有重要的生理、生态作用和药用价值,萜类合成酶(TPS)是合成萜类化合物的关键酶。通过整合中粒咖啡(Coffee canephora)的基因组和转录组数据,利用生物信息学方法,鉴定出43个萜类合成酶全长基因,并对这些基因的分子进化、结构、复制、表达及功能分化的机理进行了探究。结果表明,中粒咖啡萜类合成酶基因可以分为5个亚家族(a、b、c、e/f、g),不同亚家族的基因结构差异很大;串联复制是基因家族扩增的主要原因;表达分析结果表明,萜类合成酶基因在不同组织中的表达差异明显;中粒咖啡萜类合成酶基因启动子区的顺式调控元件可能与基因的功能分化相关;不同亚家族之间的功能差异主要由亚家族特异的氨基酸决定。     

16S rRNA-based bacterial diversity in the organic-rich sediments underlying oxygen-deficient waters of the eastern Arabian Sea

The eastern Arabian Sea has a unique and permanent oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) that extends along the western continental margin of India. The sediment below this region is rich in organic matter. This study describes the bacterial community structure and diversity in OMZ sediments of the eastern Arabian Sea (AS) through 16S rRNA clone library analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences demonstrated that phylum Proteobacteria (52%), followed by Planctomycetes (12.7%), Chloroflexi and an unidentified bacterial group (8.8% each) were represented in the library. Deltaproteobacteria was the dominant class (62.5%) in phylum Proteobacteria with clones falling in orders Syntrophobacterales and Desulfovibrionales. Few minor phylogenetic groups, corresponding to Spirochetes, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia were found. Unidentified candidate groups falling in OP11, OP8 and OP3 were represented by 0.9, 2.9 and 3.9%, respectively and two clusters of the cloned sequences in this study showed very low identity to known sequences. This is the first report that discusses the phylogenetic groups in the OMZ sediments of eastern Arabian Sea individually and compares it with available data from marine hypoxic locales and water mass. LIBSHUFF statistics revealed high richness of the bacterial community of the Arabian Sea OMZ (AS-OMZ) compared to the other regions.     

Acidobacteria form a coherent but highly diverse group within the bacterial domain: evidence from environmental genomics

Acidobacteria have been established as a novel phylum of Bacteria that is consistently detected in many different habitats around the globe by 16S rDNA-based molecular surveys. The phylogenetic diversity, ubiquity and abundance of this group, particularly in soil habitats, suggest an important ecological role and extensive metabolic versatility. However, the genetic and physiological information about Acidobacteria is scarce. In order to gain insight into genome structure, evolution and diversity of these microorganisms we have initiated an environmental genomic approach by constructing large insert libraries directly from DNA of a calcerous grassland soil. Genomic fragments of Acidobacteria were identified with specific 16S rDNA probes and sequence analyses of six independently identified clones were performed, representing in total more than 210,000 bp. The 16S rRNA genes of the genomic fragments differed between 2.3% and 19.9% and were placed into two different subgroups of Acidobacteria (groups III and V). Although partial co-linearity was found between genomic fragments, the gene content around the rRNA operons was generally not conserved. Phylogenetic reconstructions with orthologues that were encoded on two of the six genomic fragments (PurF, PurL, PurB and formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase) confirmed the coherence of the acidobacterial phylum. One genomic fragment harboured a cluster of eight genes which was syntenic and highly homologous to genomic regions in Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Bradyrhizobium japonicum, including a conserved two-component system. Phylogenetic analysis of the putative response regulator confirmed that this similarity between Rhizobiales and Acidobacteria might be due to a horizontal gene transfer. In total, our data give first insight into the genome content and diversity of the ubiquitously distributed but poorly characterized phylum of Acidobacteria. Furthermore they support the phylogenetic inferences made from 16S rRNA gene libraries, suggesting that Acidobacteria form a broad group in the same sense and with a similar diversity as that of many well-studied bacterial phyla.     

Terpenoid secondary metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana: cDNA cloning, characterization, and functional expression of a myrcene/(E)-beta-ocimene synthase

The Arabidopsis genome project has recently reported sequences with similarity to members of the terpene synthase (TPS) gene family of higher plants. Surprisingly, several Arabidopsis terpene synthase-like sequences (AtTPS) share the most identity with TPS genes that participate in secondary metabolism in terpenoid-accumulating plant species. Expression of a putative Arabidopsis terpene synthase gene, designated AtTPS03, was demonstrated by amplification of a 392-bp cDNA fragment using primers designed to conserved regions of plant terpene synthases. Using the AtTPS03 fragment as a hybridization probe, a second AtTPS cDNA, designated AtTPS10, was isolated from a jasmonate-induced cDNA library. The partial AtTPS10 cDNA clone contained an open reading frame of 1665 bp encoding a protein of 555 amino acids. Functional expression of AtTPS10 in Escherichia coli yielded an active monoterpene synthase enzyme, which converted geranyl diphosphate (C(10)) into the acyclic monoterpenes beta-myrcene and (E)-beta-ocimene and small amounts of cyclic monoterpenes. Based on sequence relatedness, AtTPS10 was classified as a member of the TPSb subfamily of angiosperm monoterpene synthases. Sequence comparison of AtTPS10 with previously cloned monoterpene synthases suggests independent events of functional specialization of terpene synthases during the evolution of terpenoid secondary metabolism in gymnosperms and angiosperms. Functional characterization of the AtTPS10 gene was prompted by the availability of Arabidopsis genome sequences. Although Arabidoposis has not been reported to form terpenoid secondary metabolites, the unexpected expression of TPS genes belonging to the TPSb subfamily in this species strongly suggests that terpenoid secondary metabolism is active in the model system Arabidopsis.     

东祁连山退化高寒草地土壤细菌群落与土壤环境因子间的相互关系

为探究东祁连山不同退化高寒草地细菌群落分布特征与土壤环境因子间的相互关系,采用高通量测序技术对轻度、中度和重度退化草地的土壤细菌群落结构变化及其多样性进行分析,运用CANOCO 4.5软件对土壤细菌群落与土壤环境因子间关系进行冗余分析(RDA).结果表明:不同退化高寒草地土壤理化性质间均差异显著,高通量测序共得到257125条有效序列,180826条优质序列,4790个OTUs.细菌群落Chao1指数依次为轻度>中度>重度;Shannon指数依次为轻度>重度>中度.系统发育分析表明,各样地土壤细菌类群分属于33个门,其中放线菌门、变形菌门和厚壁菌门是3种不同退化草地土壤中的优势类群.对不同退化草地土壤细菌各门所占比例分析发现,放线菌门、酸杆菌门和变形菌门随着退化程度加剧先减少后增加,厚壁菌门反之.RDA分析结果显示,细菌优势类群与蔗糖酶、纤维素酶和磷酸酶呈极显著相关,与pH、电导率、速效氮、速效钾呈显著相关.说明东祁连山不同退化高寒草地土壤细菌群落间差异明显,土壤环境因子是影响土壤细菌群落分布的重要因素.