Meiotic configuration and chromosome number in some Iranian species of Elymus L. and Agropyron Gaertner (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Chromosome numbers and analyses of meiotic metaphase I are reported for the following taxa: Agropyron cristatum subsp. incanum (2n= 42), A. cristatum subsp. pecttnatum (2n=28 – 33), Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus (2n= 69, 70), E. hispidus var. hispidus (2n= 41 43), var. podperae (2n= 42) and var. villosus (2n= 41, 42), E. libanoticus (2n= 14), E. pertenuis (2n= 28, 28+1B), E. repens (2n= 42), E. transhyrcanus (2n= 40–42), E. hispidus var. villosus x E. cf. repens (2n= 42). Chromosome numbers only are reported for the following taxa: E. gentri (2n= 41, 42), E. nodosus subsp. dorudicus (2n= 28), and E. elongatiformis (2n= 56, 57). The haploid genomic constitution SP is reported for Elymus pertenuis. Variable chromosome numbers (2n= 28–32) were observed in the meiotic metaphase I within single anthers of Agropyron cristatum subsp. pectinatum, and the supernumerary chromosomes in this taxon are assumed to have originated from crosses with hexaploids. Partial elimination of these supernumerary chromosomes probably occurs during archesporial mitotic divisions or at an early stage in the meiotic cycle. A hybrid, morphologically intermediate between E. hispidus and E. repens, was obtained from a seed of E. hispidus collected in the field. The meiotic metaphase I configuration in this E. hispidus hybrid suggests that the pollen parent may itself be a hybrid or hybrid derivative of E. repens x E. hispidus.     

Meiotic configuration and chromosome number in some Iranian species of Ely mus L. and Agropyron Gaertner (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Chromosome numbers and analyses of meiotic metaphase I are reported for the following taxa: Agropyron cristatum subsp. incanum (2 n = 42), A. cristatum subsp. pecttnatum (2 n =28 – 33), Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus (2 n = 69, 70), E. hispidus var. hispidus (2 n = 41 43), var. podperae (2 n = 42) and var. villosus (2 n = 41, 42), E. libanoticus (2 n = 14), E. pertenuis (2 n = 28, 28+1B), E. repens (2 n = 42), E. transhyrcanus (2 n = 40–42), E. hispidus var. villosus x E. cf. repens (2 n = 42). Chromosome numbers only are reported for the following taxa: E. gentri (2 n = 41, 42), E. nodosus subsp. dorudicus (2 n = 28), and E. elongatiformis (2 n = 56, 57). The haploid genomic constitution SP is reported for Elymus pertenuis. Variable chromosome numbers (2 n = 28–32) were observed in the meiotic metaphase I within single anthers of Agropyron cristatum subsp. pectinatum , and the supernumerary chromosomes in this taxon are assumed to have originated from crosses with hexaploids. Partial elimination of these supernumerary chromosomes probably occurs during archesporial mitotic divisions or at an early stage in the meiotic cycle. A hybrid, morphologically intermediate between E. hispidus and E. repens , was obtained from a seed of E. hispidus collected in the field. The meiotic metaphase I configuration in this E. hispidus hybrid suggests that the pollen parent may itself be a hybrid or hybrid derivative of E. repens x E. hispidus.     

KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS IN SOME GENERA OF COMPOSITAE. VIII. FURTHER STUDIES ON THE CHROMOSOMES OF ASTER

Huziwara , Y. (Kobe U., Mikage, Kobe, Japan.) Karyotype analysis in some genera of Compositae. VIII. Further studies on the chromosomes of Aster. Amer. Jour. Bot. 49 (2) : 116–119. Illus. 1962.—The karyotypes of 3 Asiatic and 3 American taxa of Aster are reported here for the first time. These are: A. ageratoides subsp. sugimotoi (Kitamura) Kitamura 2n = 36, A. ageratoides subsp. (Taxon AIII) 2n = 72, A. himalaicus C. B. Clarke 2n = 18, A. ericoides L. 2n = 32, A. meritus A. Nels. 2n = 27, A. umbellatus Mill. 2n = 18. Two American taxa, namely, A. meritus and A. umbellatus, are considered to be ancestral taxa which have retained primitive karyotypes similar to those of Asiatic species of Aster.     

Molecular Cytogenetics of an Amphiploid Trigeneric Hybrid between Triticum durum, Thinopyrum distichum and Lophopyrum elongatum

In situ hybridization of total genomic DNA was used to analyselines derived from an amphiploid between tetraploid wheat,Triticumdurum Desf. (2n =4x =28), and the wheatgrassesThinopyrum distichum(Thunb.) A. Löve (2n =4x =28) andLophopyrum elongatum (Host)A. Löve (2n =2x =14). A range of chromosome numbers wasdetected, arising from loss or gain of chromosomes. Total genomicDNA probes fromThinopyrum species,L. elongatum andTriticum monococcumL. were able to discriminate chromosomes from the A and B genomesof tetraploid wheat and those of wheatgrass-origin. The methoddid not discriminate the two wheatgrass genomes, J and E, indicatingtheir close similarity. Chromosomal aberrations—includingtelocentric and ring chromosomes—were frequent. Distalinter-genomic translocations of parts of A and B genome chromosomearms, unusual in wheat itself, were more frequent than translocationsbetweenT. durum and wheatgrass.In situ hybridization of an rDNAprobe most frequently revealed four sites associated with secondaryconstrictions onT. durum chromosomes and four onTh. distichumorL. elongatum chromosomes, although there was variation inthe number of loci between and within plants. Within interphaseand prophase nuclei, the three genomes were not intermixed andoften lay in distinct sectors. Wheat; hybrids; Triticum ; Triticeae; evolution; introgression; nuclear architecture; rDNA; in situ hybridization     

Genetic Diversity inBrassica oleraceaL. (Cruciferae) and Wild Relatives (2n=18) using Isozymes

Genetic diversity in 36 populations of wild taxa of theBrassicaoleraceaL. group (2n=18) and two cultivated forms was studiedusing isozyme variation at 11 loci for five enzyme systems (IDH,6-PGD, PGM, PGI, MDH). Mean values for the percentage of polymorphicloci and expected heterozygosity were 54% and 0.224, respectively.Statistically significant differences among allele frequencieswere found with the 6-PGD isozyme system. Intrapopulationalgenetic diversity was 67% while interpopulational genetic diversitywas only 33%. The dendrogram obtained, using genetic distancesamong taxa, showed three different groups. With the exceptionofB. incana,they agree to the already accepted relationshipsamong the 14 taxa studied: the West Mediterranean group, withB.oleracea, B. alboglabra, B. bourgeauiandB. incana; another groupof species growing in the central Mediterranean area, whichincludesB. villosa, B. villosasubsp.drepanensis, B. rupestris,B. macrocarpa(the four taxa together withB. incanaare consideredtheB. rupestrisgroup) andB. montana; and finally the Aegeangroup, which includes the three subspecies ofB. cretica.Clearlyseparated wereB. insularisandB. hilarionis, showing the maximumgenetic distance. Separate dendrograms were also obtained forB.oleracea, B. montana, B. creticaandB. rupestrisgroup, and geneticdiversity parameters were estimated. Genetic distances amongB.oleraceapopulations are in the same range as populations oftheB. creticasubspecies. Highest genetic distances were foundamong populations of theB. rupestrisgroup.Copyright 1998 Annalsof Botany Company. Brassica oleraceaL., wild relatives, genetic diversity, genetic resources, isozymes.     

SYNTHETIC HYBRIDS OF AGROPYRON ALBICANS X A. DASYSTACHYUM,SITANION HYSTRIX,AND ELYMUS CANADENSIS

Emasculated crosses of Agropyron albicans Scribn. & Smith with A. dasystachyum (Hook.) Scribn., Sitanion hystrix (Nutt.) J. G. Smith, and Elymus canadensis L. yielded 34, 5, and 9 viable hybrid seeds from 66, 45, and 52 florets, respectively. The hybrids were for the most part morphologically intermediate between their respective parents. The parents behaved cytologically as allotetraploids, 2n = 28; but meiosis in A. albicans was somewhat more irregular than in the other three species. Chromosome pairing was good in all hybrids and indicated that the genomes of the parent species were closely homologous, but only the A. albicans × A. dasystachyum hybrids set seed. Although closely related, A. albicans and A. dasystachyum are not fully conspecific. Agropyron albicans was considered to be a subspecies of A. dasystachyum, as were A. riparium Scribn. & Smith and A. griffithsii Scribn. & Smith ex Piper.     

Annotated chromosome counts of Czechoslovak plants (16–30) (Materials for “Flóra ČSSR”—2)

Chromosome counts of the following 15 taxa are given:Eupatorium cannabinum, Gypsophila fastigiata, Helianthemum grandiflorum subsp.obscurum, Helictotrichon desertorum subsp.basalticum, Impatiens parviflora, Inula hirta, Jurinea mollis, Kernera saxatilis, Lembotropis nigricans subsp.nigricans, Malva alcea subsp.excisa, Myosotis nemorosa, Otites pseudotites subsp.cuneifolia, Plantago atrata subsp.carpatica, P. atrata subsp.sudetica, Poa badensis. The chromosome numbers ofHelictotrichon desertorum (as subsp.basalticum) andPlantago atrata subsp.sudetica are given for the first time. Chromosome numbers differing from those previously known were found inJurinea mollis (2n=34 as compared to 2n=30) andKernera saxatilis (2n=14 as compared to 2n=16).Rhodax Spach (=Helianthemum L. p. p.) andOtites Adans. (=Silene L. p. p.) are considered as separate genera. Remarks on taxonomy, nomenclature and chorology are given for most of the taxa.     

Electrophoretic Variation in Esterases, Peroxidases and Acid Phosphatases in Some Native Greek Taxa of the Genera Hordeum and Taeniatherum

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis has been applied to thestudy of esterase, peroxidase and acid phosphatase patternsin seven taxa, namely Hordeum diploids (2n=14) (H. marinum,H. marinum I and H. hystrix), tetraploids (2n=28) (H. bulbosumand H. murinum subsp. leporinum) and Taeniatherum (2n=14) (T.caput-medusae and T. caput-medusae I) in order to elucidatetheir phylogenetic relationships. On the basis of our experimentalresults the seven taxa may be placed in the following threegroups; (1) diploid Hordeum (H. marinum, H. marinum I, H. hystrix);(2) tetraploid Hordeum (H. bulbosum, H. murinum subsp. leporinum);(3) Taeniatherum (T. caput-medusae, T. caput-medusae I). Esterase, peroxidase and acid phosphatase patterns of the twoHordeum diploid taxa (H. marinum and H. marinum I) are verysimilar suggesting their close phylogenetic relationship; thesame is true for both the taxa of the genus Taeniatherum (T.caput-medusae and T. caput-medusae I). The taxa of the Taeniatherumgroup compared with the diploid Hordeum (H. marinum, H. marinumI, H. hystrix) and the tetraploid Hordeum (H. bulbosum, H. murinumsubsp. leporinum) show a lower degree of phylogenetic relationshipand seem to be equally distant from them. The tetraploid Hordeumgroup shows a higher phylogenetic relationship with diploidHordeum group than with the Taeniatherum group. These results confirm that the genus Taeniatherum, previouslyconsidered as part of the genus Hordeum, should be regardedas a separate genus. Gramineae (Poaceae), Hordeum L., Taeniatherum Nevski., esterase, peroxidase and acid phosphatase patterns, phylogenetic relationships     

Cytogenetic Studies in Cochlearia L. The chromosomal homogeneity within both the 2n = 12 diploids and the 2n = 14 diploids and the cytogenetic relationship between the two chromosome levels

A cytogenetic study has been carried out within the diploidCochleariae. This has demonstrated that all the 2n = 12 taxaare chromosomally homogeneous, as are those with 2n = 14. Itis therefore suggested that the 2n = 12 group be recognisedas C pyrenaica DC, with the morphologically distinct specimensfrom France and Spain at present regarded as C. aestuaria (Lloyd)Heywood being given subspecific rank in C. pyrenaica. It isalso suggested that all the 2n = 14 taxa be regarded as C groenlandicaL. Some doubt is expressed on the existence of C. scotica Druceas a species, as all the specimens of this taxon examined provedto be tetraploid with 2n = 24. Genomic analysis has shown thatthe 2n = 14 group is a primary tetrasomic derivative of the2n = 12 group.     

The Central American species of Centaurium (Gentianaceae)

A revision ofCentaurium based on field, herbarium, and greenhouse studies shows that five species are native to Central America: C.guitense (H.B.K.) B. L. Robinson (n = 21, 22),C. pauciflorum (Mart. & Gal.) B. L. Robinson (n =36),C. brachycalyx Standley & L. O. Williams (n = ca. 36),C. setaceum (Benth.) B. L. Robinson (n = 21), andC. martinii Broome (n = 21), a new species. One population of a European species,C. minus Moench subsp.minus has been discovered in Costa Rica.     

Genomic constitutions of four Chinese endemic Elymus species: E. brevipes, E. yangii, E. anthosachnoides, and E. altissimus (Triticeae, Poaceae).

The objectives of this study were to determine the genomic constitution and to explore the genomic variation within four Chinese endemic Elymus species, i.e., E. brevipes (Keng) L?ve (2n = 4x = 28) and E. yangii B.R. Lu (2n = 4x = 28), E. anthosachnoides (Keng) L?ve (2n = 4x = 28), and E. altissimus (Keng) L?ve (2n = 4x = 28). Intraspecific crosses between different populations of the four Elymus species, as well as interspecific hybridizations among the four target species, and with six analyzer species containing well-known genomes, i.e., E. caninus (L.) L. (2n = 4x = 28, SH), E. sibiricus L. (2n = 4x = 28, SH), E. semicostatus (Lees ex Steud.) Melderis (2n = 4x = 28, SY), E. parviglumis (Keng) L?ve (2n = 4x = 28, SY), E. tsukushiensis Honda (2n = 6x = 42, SHY), and E. himalayanus (Nevski) Tzvelev (2n = 6x = 42, SHY), were achieved through the aid of embryo rescue. Chromosome pairing behaviors were studied in the parental species and their hybrids. Numerical analysis on chromosome pairing was made on the interspecific hybrids. With one exception, each meiotic configuration at metaphase I in the hybrids involving the target taxa and the analyzer species containing the "SH" genomes fit a 2:1:1 model with x-values ranging between 0.91 and 1.00; chromosome pairing in the hybrids involving analyzer parents with the "SY" genomes match a 2:2 model, with x-values between 0.97 and 0.99. All pentaploid hybrids with a genomic formula "SSYYH," except for two crosses having unexpected low c-values, had pairing patterns fitting the 2:2:1 model with x-values varying between 0.96 and 1.00. It is concluded based on hybridization, fertility, and chromosome pairing data that (i) the four target Elymus species are strictly allotetraploid taxa, (ii) they are closely related species, all comprised of the "SY" genomes, (iii) minor genomic structural rearrangements have occurred within the four Elymus species, and (iv) meiotic pairing regulator(s) exists in some of the Elymus taxa studied.     

Chromosome numbers and pollen fertility in the Senecio nemorensis group (Compositae) in the Carpathians

New chromosome numbers for two species from the Senecio nemorensis group: S. dacicus (2n = 40) and S. ucranicus (2n = 40) have been ascertained. The counts for S. germanicus Wallr. subsp. germanicus (2n = 40), S. hercynicus Herborg subsp. hercynicus (2n = 40), S. ovatus (P. Gaertn. et al.) Willd. subsp. ovatus (2n = 40) occurring in the Carpathians are also reported. The study confirmed only the known tetraploid chromosome number for the taxa of this group. The pollen fertility ranged from 82.09 to 92.99% in all examined species and subspecies, including their hybrids.     

Microsporogenesis in some Triploid Dactylorchid Hybrids

During meiosis in naturally occurring triploid hybrids betweenthe diploid Orchis fuchsii Druce (2n = 4O) and the two tetraploids,O. purpurella Steph. and O. praetermissa Druce (2n = 8O), thereis a regular formation of 20 bivalents and 20 bivalents. Sincethe two tetraploid species themselves show typical ‘diploid’behaviour in synapsis and fertility, they are considered tobe allopolyploids, and the hybrid pairing to be allosyndetic.The implication is therefore that both tetraploids are amphidiploidsof which O. fuchsii has been one progenitor. It is suggestedthat varieties of the polytypic diploid O. latifolia L. sec.Pugsl. may have been the other progenitors. A feature of interestin the microsporogenesis of both parents and hybrids is theclose synchronization of nuclear events in the pollen massulae,which behave as physiological units throughout meiosis and pollen-mitosis.In the triploids, although numerous dysploid nuclei are produced,none dies prematurely, probably because of mutual compensationwithin what is, in effect, a common cytoplasmic matrix.     

Addenda Clavariacea. III

1. The following noveltiea are described, with notes on otherspecies of their genera : Aphelaria subgen. Tremellodendropsis for the A. tuberosa alliancewith subtremellaceous basidia: A. amboinensis (Lév.)comb. nov. Chaetotyphula gelatinosa sp. nov. and C. tetraspora sp. nov.from Tropical America, whence C. hyalina (Jungh.) Corner isalso recorded. Clavariadelphus junceus (Fr.) Corner is recorded from Brazil. Mucronella flava sp. nov. from Iowa. Phaeoapheloria austra1iensis gen. et sp. nov. is intermediatebetween Aphelaria and stereoid fungi. Pistillaria trispora sp. nov. from Iowa: P. tucumanensis (Speg.)comb. nov. for Typhula tucumanensis Speg. Phistillina calyx Heim is excluded as marasmioid. 2. The Physalacria-subseriea is reviewed, and the followingare described aa new: Hormomitaria albidula sp. nov. from Brazil Pseudotyhula gen. nov. from West Africa: P. ochracea sp. nov.as the typespecies : P. tenuipes (Lloyd) comb. nov. (= Mucronellatenuipes Lloyd).     

A karyosystematic study of the genus Bellevalia Lapeyr. (Hyacinthaceae) in Greece

The genus Bellevalia is represented in Greece by eight taxa, three of which are endemic. Bellevalia brevipedicellata (2n = 8) and B. sitiaca (2n = 16) are restricted to the island of Kriti, while B. hyacinthoides (2n = 8, 12) is distributed in the Kiklades Islands, the central and southern mainland and the Ionian Islands. Four taxa, i.e. B. dubia subsp. boissieri (2n = 8), B. trifoliata (2n = 8), B. romana (2n = 8) and B. ciliata (2n = 8, 16) are Mediterranean elements. The presence of B. edirnensis (2n = 24) is reported as new for the Greek flora. New ploidy levels of three Bellevalia species (triplo‐, tetra‐ and hexaploids) are reported for the first time. The main morphological features, the chromosome numbers, the karyotype morphology, as well as the geographical distribution and further issues of taxonomy and conservation of all Bellevalia taxa in Greece are presented and discussed. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 157 , 723–739.     

CYTOGENETICS OF AGROPYRON FERGANENSE AND ITS HYBRIDS WITH SIX SPECIES OF AGROPYRON,ELYMUS, AND SITANION

Meiosis and mode of reproduction are described in Agropyron ferganense Drob., a perennial forage grass from Central Asia. This species is diploid (2n = 14); it exhibits normal meiosis and reproduces by cross-pollination. Hybrids were produced between A. ferganense and six species with known genome formulas: 1) North American A. spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. & Smith, an SS diploid (2n = 14), 2) Middle Eastern A. libanoticum Hack., an SS diploid (2n = 14), 3) North American A. dasystachyum (Hook.) Scribn., an SSHH tetraploid (2n = 28), 4) Eurasian A. caninum (L.) Beauv., an SSHH tetraploid (2n = 28), 5) North American Sitation hystrix (Nutt.) J. G. Smith, an SSHH tetraploid (2n = 28), and 6) South American Elymus patagonicus Speg., an SSHHHH hexaploid (2n = 42). Almost complete chromosome pairing in the A. ferganense x A. spicatum and A. libanoticum hybrids demonstrated that A. fergenanse is an SS diploid, but it is genetically isolated from the other SS diploids because of high sterility in the F₁ hybrids. S-genome diploids form a network of species that extend from the Middle East through Central Asia to western North America. Frequent occurrence of seven univalents and seven bivalents at metaphase I in the triploid hybrids of A. ferganense x A. dasystachyum, A. caninum and S. hystrix was consistent with the proposed genome formulas of SS for A. ferganense, SSHH for the three tetraploid species, and SSH for the hybrids. Chromosome pairing was highly variable in the A. ferganense x E. patagonicus hybrids; however, some cells had almost complete bivalent pairing, an expected observation in an SSHH hybrid from a cross between an SS diploid (A. ferganense) and an SSHHHH hexaploid (E. patagonicus). Various options were considered concerning the appropriate generic classification of the S-genome diploids, which are now commonly placed in Agropyron. The inclusion of these species in the genus Eiytrigia, as advocated by some Soviet taxonomists, appears to be a reasonable decision.     

Germination and Emergence of Primed Grass Seeds Under Field and Simulated-field Temperature Regimes

Seed priming may enhance establishment success of cool-seasonrange grasses which must compete with annual weeds for earlyspring moisture. Previous priming studies have confirmed germinationrate enhancement for these species but relative treatment effectsunder field-temperature conditions have not been assessed. Weprimed seeds of thickspike wheatgrass [Elymus lanceolatus(Scribn.and J. G. Smith) Gould], bluebunch wheatgrass [Pseudoroegneriaspicata(Pursh) Löve], Sandberg bluegrass (Poa sandbergiiVasey.) and bottlebrush squirreltail [Elymus elymoides(Raf.)Swezey] and evaluated their relative emergence rate in threesoil types as a function of spring-planting date. Germinationresponse was simultaneously evaluated in laboratory germinatorsthat were programmed to simulate the field-temperature regimeat planting depth. Seed priming enhanced both germination andemergence rate with the greatest effect occurring during theearlier, cooler planting dates. Total emergence and emergencerate in the field were lower than for the equivalent germinationresponse in the laboratory. Thermal-germination response wasmodelled and predictions developed for evaluating potentialgermination under late winter/early spring soil-temperatureregimes. Modelling results predicted that greater germinationenhancement would have been possible at earlier planting datesthan were measured in the field experiment.Copyright 2000 Annalsof Botany Company Bunchgrass, germination, emergence, priming, rate, temperature     

CYTOLOGY,SEED-SET,AND BREEDING BEHAVIOR OF THE PUTATIVE INTER-GENERIC HYBRID,AGROELYMUS TURNERI

Nielsen , Etlar L. (U. Wisconsin, Madison.) Cytology, seed-set, and breeding behavior of the putative inter-generic hybrid, Agroelymus turneri. Amer. Jour. Bot. 48(4): 340–344. Illus. 1961.—The estimated frequency of fertile florets in the natural hybrid, Agroelymus turneri, was 1 viable seed formed in every 277 and 240 florets in colonies grown at Madison, Wisconsin, and Fort Saskatchewan, Canada, respectively. Plant progenies propagated from seed taken from different colonies were: (1) uniformly similar to Agropyron repens; (2) uniformly similar to Elymus; or (3) segregating for Agropyron repens-like, Elymus-like, and Agropyron sp. characters. The parentage of the putative hybrid appears to be Agropyron dasystachyum × Elymus innovatus. This is based upon breeding behavior and cytological studies. The interpretation is at variance with the original proposal by l'abbe LePage that Agropyron smithii was a donor to the hybrid combination.     

Genetic Diversity inBrassica oleraceaL. (Cruciferae) and Wild Relatives (2n=18) using RAPD Markers

This paper presents the evaluation of genetic diversity in 29populations of wild taxa of theBrassica oleraceaL. group (2n=18)and two cultivars, using RAPDs as molecular markers. In a previouspaper (Lázaro and Aguinagalde,Annals of Botany82: 000–000,1998), 11 isozymes were used for the same purpose. Results obtainedwith the two molecular markers (isozymes and RAPDs) are compared.DNA from ten individuals per population was analysed using sixdifferent primers; the 151 detected bands were polymorphic,11 were common to all species, six to all taxa, only one toevery population; and no bands were shared by every individual.The dendrogram obtained using genetic distances clustersB. oleraceapopulationswithB. bourgeaui, B. alboglabra, B. montanaandB. incana. B.insularis, B. macrocarpa, B. villosaandB. rupestrispopulationsform another cluster. Populations ofB. creticaandB. hilarionisformthe third cluster. Genetic diversity inB. oleraceapopulations,theB. rupestriscomplex andB. creticasubspecies was estimatedusing the AMOVA programme; the latter was the most diverse.Copyright1998 Annals of Botany Company. Brassica oleraceaL., wild relatives, genetic diversity, genetic resources, RAPD markers, AMOVA.     

Selected chromosome counts of the Czechoslovak flora I

Chromosome numbers of the following nine taxa of the Czechoslovak flora are given:Atriplex rosea L.,Cardamine resedifolia L.,Groenlandia densa (L.)Fourr.,Isoëtes lacustris L.,Lysimachia nemorum L.,Parnassia palustris L.,Phelipanche caesia (Rchb.) Soják,Rumex patientia L. subsp.patientia andSymphytum officinale L. s. str. A new chromosome number of 2n=80 is reported forRumex patientia L. subsp.patientia. Chromosome numbers of another five taxa are first reported from Czechoslovakia. Each of the ascertained chromosome counts is discussed with respect to hitherto known reports.