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1.
优化黑豆种皮花色苷复合酶法辅助提取工艺,并对其抗氧化活性进行评价。通过单因素试验和响应面法优化确定了黑豆种皮花色苷生物酶法辅助提取的最佳工艺为:复合酶(纤维素酶400 U/g,α-淀粉酶50 U/g),酶解温度50℃,液料比26∶1 mL/g,乙醇体积分数64%,酶解时间为59 min。在此条件下,提取花色苷的含量为2.019 mg/g。抗氧化试验研究表明,黑豆种皮花色苷的还原能力、对超氧阴离子自由基清除能力低于抗坏血酸,但对亚硝酸根离子和DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基的清除能力强于抗坏血酸。因此,生物酶法辅助提取是一种高效的黑豆种皮花色苷提取方法,且作为一种新型花色苷资源,黑豆种皮花色苷有着挖掘和应用价值。  相似文献   

2.
昝丽霞 《广西植物》2015,35(4):603-609
为了优化香樟果皮花色苷的最佳提取工艺条件,用乙醇作为提取溶剂,选取提取时间、提取温度、提取剂浓度、料液比、pH五因素,采用Box-Behnken建立三因素三水平模型,用响应面法优化各因素及其相互作用的最佳组合,用Design-Expert 8.0设计回归正交实验;同时用水杨酸比色法和DPPH法,测定了香樟果皮花色苷的抗氧化能力,并比较了不同放置时间对香樟果花色苷稳定性的影响。结果表明:香樟果花色苷最佳提取工艺的回归方程为Y=58.64+2.27A+12.78B+10.18C-14.01A2-11.00B2-7.56C2,R2=0.9796,模型拟合程度良好,在该试验范围内,模型能够准确反映花色苷的提取结果;最佳工艺参数分别为pH1.0、料液比1∶15、乙醇浓度78.59%、提取温度77.14℃、提取时间42.48min,在此条件下香樟果花色苷的得率为67.99mg·100g-1;在一定浓度范围内,香樟果皮花色苷清除羟自由基率和总抗氧化能力均与浓度成正线性相关,回归方程分别为y=0.3388x+13.485(R2=0.9856),y=0.0275x+0.0221,(R2=0.9966)。利用响应面法确定的最佳工艺条件合理,可用于香樟果皮花色苷的提取,同时香樟果花色苷具有良好的抗氧化活性,为天然色素的开发利用提供一定指导意义。  相似文献   

3.
为优化八仙花花色苷提取条件,探究具有不同花色可调性的八仙花花色苷组分和理化稳定性差异,初步解释八仙花花色可调性存在差异的原因,该文以花色不可调的‘蒂亚娜(Tijana)’和花色可调的‘拉维布兰(Ravi Brent)’八仙花(Hydrangea macrophylla)为材料,通过L9(33)正交试验确定超声波法提取花色苷的最优条件,利用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS法进行花色苷组分的鉴定,分析离体条件下温度、光照、金属离子和糖类对八仙花花色苷理化稳定性的影响。结果表明:(1)花色苷提取的最优条件是‘蒂亚娜’和‘拉维布兰’的乙醇浓度分别为70%和80%,料液比均为1∶20,提取时间均为20 min。(2)二者的主要花色苷组分均为飞燕草素-3-O-葡萄糖苷。(3)八仙花花色苷在温度≤70℃暗处保存效果更好。(4)花色不可调的‘蒂亚娜’八仙花花色苷对光照、糖类和大多金属离子更稳定;只有花色可调的‘拉维布兰’八仙花花色苷加入中低浓度(10~30 mmol·L-1)Al3+后由粉色变为蓝色且稳定性提高,而‘蒂亚...  相似文献   

4.
通过提取方法优选,表明超声法对黑莓果渣中花色苷的提取效果最佳。以60%乙醇为超声法提取溶剂,通过单因素实验分别考察了料液比、超声时间、温度、功率、提取次数对提取黑莓果渣中花色苷的影响。综合单因素实验结果,通过响应面法筛选出最佳的工艺条件为:液料比14∶1(mL∶g),时间40 min,温度58℃,功率300 W,提取2次。通过提取物中花色苷含量与其清除DPPH.活性的相关性分析发现,黑莓果渣提取物清除DPPH.活性与其花色苷含量之间存在相关性,由此推断花色苷为黑莓果渣中主要的自由基清除物质。  相似文献   

5.
为了提高黑果枸杞花色苷的提取效率以及颜色稳定性,采用高效溶剂萃取法进行提取,考察静态萃取温度、乙醇浓度、静态萃取时间、静态萃取压力和循环次数对提取效果的影响,通过响应面法优化提取工艺,并对提取的花色苷溶液进行颜色稳定性研究。结果表明:最佳提取条件为温度48℃,乙醇浓度60%,提取时间4 min,静态萃取压力8 MPa,循环2次,在此条件下,花色苷的提取得率为1.989%;保存温度为4℃、pH值为2.5时,黑果枸杞花色苷溶液较为稳定。  相似文献   

6.
荔枝果皮花色苷提取及稳定性研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
通过对荔枝果皮花色苷提取方法的人为盐酸甲醇为适提取剂,提取的色素液对光照和均较稳定,而PH值显著影响花色苷的稳定性。  相似文献   

7.
以黑果腺肋花楸为原料,在单因素实验的基础上应用响应面法对其提取条件进行优化,并研究稳定性。优化黑果腺肋花楸花色苷提取条件为乙醇浓度为63%、超声时间为32 min、超声温度为42℃、料液比为1∶20(g/m L),在此条件下的黑果腺肋花楸花色苷的提取量为5.61 mg/g。在50℃以下的条件下黑果腺肋花楸花色苷稳定性较好,保存率可达98%以上;氧化剂对黑果腺肋花楸花色苷有显著破坏作用;在避光的条件下黑果腺肋花楸花色苷稳定性最好;Ca~(2+)、K~+、Mg~(2+)离子对黑果腺肋花楸花色苷几乎无破坏作用,但Fe~(2+)、Cu~(2+)离子的破坏作用较为显著;在偏酸性条件下黑果腺肋花楸花色苷稳定性较好。  相似文献   

8.
花色苷化学研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本文以近期研究报道作为基础从花色苷的化学性质、提取与分离技术、鉴定技术三个方面对花色苷化合物的化学研究进展做一系统综述。  相似文献   

9.
马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)是一种重要的粮菜兼用型作物,马铃薯传入我国后产生了许多变种、变型和适合当地种植的地方品种,尤其是块茎的皮色和肉色出现了红色、紫色、黑色品种。"黑美人"马铃薯是甘肃省特有的经航空育种技术培育的新型马铃薯品种,经分析测定"黑美人"马铃薯中花色素含量非常丰富,其富含的花青素还具有抗癌、抗衰老、美容和防止高血压等多种保健作用。因此,"黑美人"马铃薯中花色苷提取工艺的研究,对于花色苷的应用与开发具有重要的研究意义。本研究以甘肃"黑美人"马铃薯为原料,对其所含花色苷提取工艺条件(乙醇浓度,温度,pH,提取时间,料液比,提取次数等)进行优化。研究结果显示最佳提取工艺参数为:乙醇浓度80%,温度75℃,pH 1.0,时间1 h,料液比1:20,提取3次。在优化后的提取工艺条件下,"黑美人"马铃薯的花色苷提取率得到提高,花色苷含量可达到33.05 mg/100g。  相似文献   

10.
白苏(Perilla ocymoides Linn.),原产中国,其叶中含有大量花色苷,以干叶计约1.9%。白苏中的花色苷是被香豆基酸与咖啡酸酰化了的氰定—3,5—双葡糖苷。由于白苏花色苷的颜色与苋菜红极为相似,所以在日本广泛用作食品添加剂。过去,一般用真空蒸馏法浓缩花色苷提取物。但是,由于天然花色苷常用强酸性溶液提取,故色素的浓缩往往因溶液内的固体物质迅速聚集,而受到影响。  相似文献   

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The stability of the complex formed between acylated anthocyanins and flavocommelin was compared with that between unacylated anthocyanins and the flavone. At low anthocyanin concentrations (5 × 10?4 M), the complex involving acylated anthocyanins was much stabler than that involving ordinary anthocyanins. This extra stability is due to the acyl moiety in the acylated anthocyanins. The co-pigmentation constant (Kc) is defined as the affinity between an anthocyanin and its co-pigment.  相似文献   

15.
Anthocyanins were the main polyphenol components in extracts of fresh and pickled red cabbage. The composition of anthocyanins in red cabbage was studied using liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry. Eleven major peaks absorbing at 520 nm were discerned, which represented 18 different anthocyanin structures. Another five minor anthocyanin components could be identified by searching at their respective m/z values but only in anthocyanin-enriched concentrates produced by sorption to solid phase extraction matrices. The predominant anthocyanins were constructed of cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside "cores" which were non-acylated, mono-acylated or di-acylated with p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic and sinapic acids. Pelargonidin-3-glucoside and novel forms of cyanidin-3-O-triglucoside-5-O-glucoside di-acylated with hydroxycinnamic acids were also detected in extracts of raw red cabbage, commercially pickled red cabbage and anthocyanin-enriched concentrates. The stability of the anthocyanins to simulated gastrointestinal digestion was assessed. The anthocyanins were effectively stable in the acidic gastric digestion conditions but the total recovery after simulated pancreatic digestion was around 25% compared to around 100% recovery of phenol content. As anthocyanins make up the majority of red cabbage polyphenols, this suggested that anthocyanins broke down to form new phenolic components. The recovery of the individual anthocyanins was monitored by LC-MS(n). All of the anthocyanins were reduced in content after pancreatic digestion but acylated forms were notably more stable than non-acylated forms. There was also a relationship between the type of acylated hydroxycinnamic acid and stability to pancreatic digestion.  相似文献   

16.
Wei YZ  Hu FC  Hu GB  Li XJ  Huang XM  Wang HC 《PloS one》2011,6(4):e19455
Litchi has diverse fruit color phenotypes, yet no research reflects the biochemical background of this diversity. In this study, we evaluated 12 litchi cultivars for chromatic parameters and pigments, and investigated the effects of abscisic acid, forchlorofenron (CPPU), bagging and debagging treatments on fruit coloration in cv. Feizixiao, an unevenly red cultivar. Six genes encoding chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) and UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) were isolated from the pericarp of the fully red litchi cv. Nuomici, and their expression was analyzed in different cultivars and under the above mentioned treatments. Pericarp anthocyanin concentration varied from none to 734 mg m−2 among the 12 litchi cultivars, which were divided into three coloration types, i.e. non-red (‘Kuixingqingpitian’, ‘Xingqiumili’, ‘Yamulong’and ‘Yongxing No. 2′), unevenly red (‘Feizixiao’ and ‘Sanyuehong’) and fully red (‘Meiguili’, ‘Baila’, Baitangying’ ’Guiwei’, ‘Nuomici’ and ‘Guinuo’). The fully red type cultivars had different levels of anthocyanin but with the same composition. The expression of the six genes, especially LcF3H, LcDFR, LcANS and LcUFGT, in the pericarp of non-red cultivars was much weaker as compared to those red cultivars. Their expression, LcDFR and LcUFGT in particular, was positively correlated with anthocyanin concentrations in the pericarp. These results suggest the late genes in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway were coordinately expressed during red coloration of litchi fruits. Low expression of these genes resulted in absence or extremely low anthocyanin accumulation in non-red cultivars. Zero-red pericarp from either immature or CPPU treated fruits appeared to be lacking in anthocyanins due to the absence of UFGT expression. Among these six genes, only the expression of UFGT was found significantly correlated with the pericarp anthocyanin concentration (r = 0.84). These results suggest that UFGT played a predominant role in the anthocyanin accumulation in litchi as well as pericarp coloration of a given cultivar.  相似文献   

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以小苍兰(Freesia refracta)16个不同花色品种及后代为试验材料,对花瓣色素用特征显色反应和紫外-可见光谱扫描,分析其色素的成分和花色素苷的稳定性.结果表明,小苍兰花色的色素属于类黄酮化合物,含黄酮和花色素苷类物质,可能含有异黄酮,不含黄酮醇、二氢黄酮、二氢黄酮醇、查耳酮和橙酮,其中黄色系品种及后代还含有类胡萝卜素.避光下小苍兰花色素苷的稳定性要强于光照;温度对花瓣色素的稳定性有一定的影响.  相似文献   

19.
广东省荔枝气候生态区划的灰色聚类分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
根据荔枝栽培对气候生态条件的要求,采用二重灰色聚类方法,对广东省荔枝栽培的气候生态条件进行了分析和区划,其结果与全省荔枝栽培实际情况相一致.封开、广宁、清新、佛冈、龙门、紫金、五华、兴宁、梅县、大埔一线的以北区域,属广东荔枝栽培不适宜气候生态区;其以南区域,属广东荔枝栽培基本适宜气候生态区.在以南区域中,通过二重聚类,得出高州、新兴、高要、三水、从化、增城、惠阳、陆河、揭阳、潮州以北区域,以及雷州市和徐闻县,为荔枝商业性经济栽培次适宜区;其它区域为荔枝商业性经济栽培适宜区.  相似文献   

20.
海南省万宁市野生荔枝资源种群特征研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
野生荔枝是荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)进行品种改良与创新的重要基因库,该研究通过对海南万宁自然保护区内、外野生荔枝资源进行实地调查,并用空间分布格局、种群径级结构、静态生命表、存活曲线等方法进行比较分析,以揭示野生荔枝种群在保护区内、外的分布规律及其种群动态趋势,为野生荔枝资源的保护提供依据。结果表明:(1)海南万宁自然保护区内、外野生荔枝种群均为聚集分布,且非自然保护区聚集程度比自然保护区的聚集程度更为明显。(2)径级结构分析发现,自然保护区内野生荔枝种群结构为增长型,种群生命期望值整体上基本随径级增加呈递减趋势,存活曲线呈近直线型,说明自然保护区内的野生荔枝种群处于相对稳定的状态;而自然保护区外的野生荔枝种群为衰退型。(3)群动态预测结果也显示,自然保护区内外的野生荔枝种群的动态变化指数(Vpi′)以及随机干扰风险极大值均趋于零,但自然保护区外的值均大于区内,说明保护区外受到的敏感性比自然保护区内更强,即保护区外野生荔枝种群的生存环境已受到严重的人为干扰威胁。研究认为,在自然保护区外,野生荔枝种群幼树的严重缺失不仅与野生荔枝种群自身的更新机制有关,更重要的是生存环境的破坏和人为砍伐导致野生荔枝种群结构发生变化,野生荔枝林面积下降。  相似文献   

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