表油菜素内酯对月季切花衰老的影响

0.5mg·L~(-1)表油菜素内酯明显缓解水分对月季切花的胁迫,促进切花体内水分平衡的改善和还原糖含量的增加,抑制花瓣溶质外渗,从而延缓切花衰老。     

ZnCl2对月季切花的保鲜作用(简报)

用不同浓度ZnCl2溶液处理月季切花,以0.01%浓度保鲜效果最好,能延长切花瓶插寿命3d;同时,ZnCl2处理可使月季切花花枝硬挺,提高观赏价值。     

表油菜素内对月季切花中几种与膜脂过氧化相关生理指标的影响

2%蔗糖 200mg·L-1硼酸 0.5mg·L-1表油菜素内酯(epiBR)可减缓月季切花体内的超氧物歧化酶(SOD)活性和抗坏血酸含量的下降,削弱丙二醛(MDA)含量和细胞膜相对透性的上升幅度,从而延长切花的瓶插寿命。     

表油菜素内酯对绿豆幼叶衰老的促进作用

表油菜素内酯（ｅｐｉＢＲ）０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ能促进绿豆幼叶的衰老,其叶绿素和蛋白质含量均低于对照。绿豆幼叶经ｅｐｉＢＲ处理后,可使过氧化物酶活性明显增加,但同工酶谱无变化;超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性随ｅｐｉＢＲ处理时间的延长而降低。ｅｐｉＢＲ能促进丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量增加,而其含量与ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活性呈显著负相关。     

表油菜素内酯对玉米果穗发育的影响（简报）

在玉米雌穗小穗和小花分化期,全株喷施0.01 ppm表油莱素内酯(BR)能促进幼穗发育,使幼穗的生长速度加快、吐丝提前,籽粒的败育率减少,从而导致玉米产量的提高。     

The potential of South African indigenous plants for the international cut flower trade

A broad review is presented of recent developments in the commercialization of southern Africa indigenous flora for the cut flower trade, including potted flowers and foliages (“greens”). The botany, horticultural traits and potential for commercialization of several indigenous plants have been reported in several publications. The contribution of species indigenous and/or endemic to southern Africa in the development of cut flower crop plants is widely acknowledged. These include what is known in the trade as gladiolus, freesia, gerbera, ornithogalum, clivia, agapanthus, strelitzia, plumbago and protea. Despite the wealth of South African flower bulb species, relatively few have become commercially important in the international bulb industry. Trade figures on the international markets also reflect the importance of a few species of southern African origin. The development of new research tools are contributing to the commercialization of South African plants, although propagation, cultivation and post-harvest handling need to be improved. A list of commercially relevant southern African cut flowers (including those used for fresh flowers, dried flowers, foliage and potted flowers) is presented, together with a subjective evaluation of several genera and species with perceived potential for the development of new crops for the florist trade. It is concluded that research should be focused on potential markets rather than on preconceived product concepts. A special national effort is required to maximize the opportunities presented by the rich diversity of the flora and to develop an internationally competitive cut flower industry.     

氯化钙对非洲菊切花的保鲜作用

以 1 0mg ml的CaCl2 溶液作为保鲜液 ,对非洲菊切花进行瓶插试验 ,通过外部形态观察和生理指标测定 ,结果表明 :用CaCl2 溶液瓶插非洲菊切花可以增强花枝的吸水能力 ,增加花枝的鲜重 ,保持切花的水分平衡 ,减少溶质外渗 ,维持膜结构的相对稳定性 ,从而使切花的瓶插寿命比对照延长 3 3d。     

Evaluation of several holding solutions for prolonging vase-life and keeping quality of cut sweet pea flowers (Lathyrus odoratus L.)

Cut spikes of sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus L.) were kept in 2% sucrose, 200 ppm 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate (8-HQS), pulsing treatment with 200 ppm 8-HQS in combination with 2% sucrose for 12 h, pulsing the spikes with 0.2 mM silver thiosulfate (STS) for 1 h and pulsing with 0.2 mM STS for 1 h followed by 2% sucrose solution. Therefore, this study aimed to see their effects on keeping quality and vase-life of the cut flowers. A control (deionized water) and a standard preservative were also included in the experiment. The results showed that all treatments had improved the keeping quality and vase-life of the cut flowers comparing to control ones. Among all these treatments, the 8-HQS combined with 2% sucrose showed the best water uptake, water balance, percentage of maximum increase in fresh weight of the cut flower stems and vase-life which was extended up to 17 days. Moreover, this keeping solution retarded the chlorophyll as well as carbohydrate degradation. However, anthocyanin concentrations were increased by treatments with sucrose alone or STS followed by sucrose during the postharvest life. It has been concluded that 200 ppm 8-HQS combined with 2% sucrose solution has the potential to be used as a commercial cut flower preservative solution to delay flower senescence, enhance post harvest quality and prolong the vase-life of sweet pea cut flowers.     

多胺对月季切花衰老过程中生理生化和瓶插寿命的影响

精胺处理可保持月季切花瓶插前期花瓣还原糖和蛋白质的较高水平、减缓花瓣和叶片细胞膜稼性的增加,减少共 积累以及降低乙烯释放速率,这与精胺处理后月季切花瓶插寿命提高相一致;但亚精胺处理对季切花瓶插寿命和改善观赏品质无明显影响。     

植酸对月季切花瓶插寿命的影响

用0.13％和0.013％植酸对月季切花进行处理,探讨了植酸对月季切花瓶插寿命及衰老过程中一些生理生化指标的影响.结果表明,013％和0.013％植酸处理的切花,瓶插寿命分别延长了2.3 d和1.4d.植酸处理抑制了O-2含量的增加和POD活性的提高,从而减轻了O-2对植物细胞的伤害即抑制丙二醛含量增加,同时抑制了可溶...     

能量对香石竹切花在瓶插期间呼吸电子途径的影响

采用外加0.1 mmol/L ATP或0.5 mmol/L二硝基苯酚(DNP)的方法,研究了香石竹(Dianthus caryophyllus L.)切花在25±1℃和80%～90%相对湿度下瓶插期间呼吸电子传递途径的变化情况.结果表明,香石竹切花在瓶插7 d时的呼吸速率达到高峰;ATP处理明显加快切花的呼吸速率,在瓶插7 d时呼吸速率高峰值较对照(未用ATP处理)升高1倍.细胞色素途径与总呼吸活性存在显著正相关.细胞色素途径占总呼吸的比重在切花瓶插4 d后上升,并且线粒体电子传递主要依靠细胞色素主路途径进行.经ATP处理后香石竹切花的交替呼吸途径的容量、实际运行活性和运行系数明显增加;交替呼吸途径占总呼吸活性比重在瓶插4 d后迅速上升,并且交替呼吸途径容量与总呼吸活性存在显著正相关.而DNP处理则降低交替呼吸途径容量.这说明外源ATP处理加强了香石竹切花在整个瓶插期间的呼吸作用,增加了呼吸速率的高峰值,提高了抗氰呼吸作用.     

保鲜剂对香石竹切花形态结构的影响

以对水质较为敏感的香石竹(Dianthus caryophyllus L．)为材料,用糖、苯甲酸钠等配制保鲜剂,观察保鲜剂对香石竹形态结构的影响和细胞内淀粉粒的变化。结果表明：用保鲜剂处理过的切花,花朵增大,花色鲜艳,茎、叶、花瓣、子房壁、胚珠等组织细胞壁出现皱缩的时间延迟,细胞内含淀粉粒的时间也较长。苯甲酸钠的保鲜效果优于硝酸银。     

Excised or intact inflorescences? Methodological effects on parasitoid wasp longevity

The development of accurate and repeatable experimental techniques is a cornerstone of any research program. Indeed, the first stage in developing a conservation biological control program typically involves ranking the suitability of various plant species as food resources for the target species of natural enemy in the laboratory or glasshouse. Herein the choice of flower presentation method is a highly relevant consideration. It is unclear whether excised flowers with their peduncles submerged in water will generate similar effects on the life history traits of a natural enemy compared with those using flowers remaining intact on a rooted plant. Either method has been used in 86 previous studies, yet none has quantified this effect. It is possible that both plant nectar content and production are altered as a result of changes in the physiological condition of the excised flowers. A laboratory test was designed to assess the influence of flower presentation method (excised or intact inflorescences) and different types of nectar (artificial and natural) on the longevity of the wasp Aphidius ervi, an important parasitoid of aphids. Distinct differences were revealed in the suitability of the nine flower species and three control treatments on parasitoid wasp longevity, with buckwheat being the most suitable plant. However, apart from coriander, flower presentation method and wasp gender generally did not affect parasitoid longevity for the set of species tested. As there was little evidence that parasitoid wasp longevity would be altered on excised flowers, and because of reasons pertaining to improved logistical and experimental requirements, the use of excised flowers is cautiously recommended to researchers for further laboratory evaluations of the effects of nectar provision on parasitoid fitness.