SO2对冷藏枇杷果实品质及活性氧和多胺代谢的影响

以“大红袍”枇杷果实为试材,研究了ＳＯ２处理对冷藏枇杷果实活性氧代谢和内源多胺含量变化的影响及与果实木质化败坏的关系。结果表明,ＳＯ２可提高超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性,抑制过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）活性的上升,减少Ｈ２Ｏ２的积累。经ＳＯ２处理的果实,精胺（Ｓｐｍ）和亚精胺（Ｓｐｄ）含量的变化很小,基本维持在贮前水平上,腐胺（Ｐｕｔ）的积累则受到极大抑制,贮藏５周后的果实不出现木质化     

干旱胁迫对红松幼苗保护酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的影响

随着土壤的逐渐干旱,红松（Ｐｉｎｕｓ ｋｏｒａｉｅｎｓｉｓ Ｓｉｅｂ．ｅｔ．Ｚｕｃｃ）幼苗叶中膜质过氧化产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量和膜相对透性均在干旱处理后第３天迅速上升;组织自动氧化速率先是增加,在干旱处理第３天后恢复到处理前水平。保护酶ＳＯＤ、ＰＯＤ、ＣＡＴ的活性明显提高,只有ＡＳＰ的活性下降。用ＰＥＧ模拟干旱胁迫与土壤自然干旱胁迫结果略有不同,－１．０ＭＰａ ＰＥＧ溶液对红松幼苗具有较为明显的     

杧果采后生理研究

适期采收的果．采收时呼吸速率为２３．２ｍｇＣＯ２·ｋｇ（－１）ｈ（－１）果皮深绿色．果肉硬度＞３０Ｐ／ｃｍ２．置室温下（３０℃）８ｄ出现呼吸高峰,速率１３２．９ｍｇＣＯ２·ｋｇ（－１）ｈ（－１）,果皮的颜色黄绿各半．果肉硬度８—９Ｐ／ｃｍ２。采后１２—１４ｄ果实达到完熟,果皮金黄色,硬度＜３Ｐ／ｃｍ２,呼吸速率下降到３９—４５ｍｇＣＯ２·ｋｇ（－１）ｈ（－１）。试验结果还表明．可溶性糖、还原糖、非还原糖、固形物等含量．均在采后第５天明显增高,果皮从深绿转为淡绿色。可溶性糖在采后第１４天增至最高．达９．９２％,此时可滴定酸度下降至０．１４％．ＰＨ值升至６．１５,此时为果实的最佳供食状态．生产上可据此为制定果贮藏措施提供依据．     

低温胁迫下红松幼苗活性氧的产生及保护酶的变化

在不同低温胁迫时间下,对红松（Ｐｉｎｕｓ ｋｏｒａｉｅｎｓｉｓ Ｓｉｅｂ．ｅｔ．Ｚｕｃｃ）幼苗针叶中Ｈ２Ｏ２、Ｏ＾－．２、膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、组织自动化氧化速率及保护酶超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）、过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（ＡＳＰ）的动态变化过程进行了测定。结果表明,随着低温胁迫时间的延长,Ｏ＾－．２产生速率和Ｈ２Ｏ２含量先上升后下降;ＭＤＡ的含量呈波     

臭氧胁迫下春小麦叶片胁迫乙烯产生与多胺含量的变化与调控

应用开顶式熏气装置,研究了０．７９６ ｍ ｇ／ｍ ３ Ｏ３ 浓度下,四叶期春小麦（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＬ．）叶片内胁迫乙烯产生和多胺含量的变化及其调控。结果表明：Ｏ３ 使胁迫乙烯的产生呈现先升后降的变化。ＣｏＣｌ２ 能强烈抑制胁迫乙烯产生。胁迫初期,精氨酸脱羧酶（ＡＤＣ）活性增强,当叶片伤害加重后,ＡＤＣ活性下降。对氯汞苯甲酸（ＰＣＭＢ）能抑制ＡＤＣ活性,并使腐胺（Ｐｕｔ）含量减少,而亚精胺（Ｓｐｄ）和精胺（Ｓｐｍ ）含量稍有增加。ＣｏＣｌ２ 对叶片ＡＤＣ活性影响不大,未见Ｐｕｔ的积累,Ｓｐｄ 和Ｓｐｍ 含量急剧增加,且一直保持较高水平,叶片所表现的伤害也较轻。较高浓度的Ｓｐｄ 和Ｓｐｍ 能抑制Ｏ３ 对植株的伤害,Ｓｐｄ 和Ｓｐｍ 的抑制作用大于Ｐｕｔ。由此认为,多胺含量变化是植物体对Ｏ３ 胁迫适应的调节机制之一     

刺五加在大鼠实验性肝癌诱发过程中作用的探讨

目的探讨大鼠实验性肝癌发病中刺五加对肌体免疫功能和抗氧化酶活性的影响。方法４６只ＳＤ雄性大鼠被随机分成对照组（喂普通饲料）、３－甲基４－双甲氨基偶氮苯（３－Ｍｅ－ＤＡＢ）组（喂含０．０６％３Ｍｅ－ＤＡＢ饲料 １０周）和刺五加组（饲喂同 ３－Ｍｅ－ＤＡＢ外、另加入刺五加 ４．５ｇ／ｋｇ饲料,用常规方法检测全血谷光甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）、血清超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量,用微量化学发光造检测吞噬细胞活性（ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ）。结果１．ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ检测峰值、积分值和吞噬细胞指数,３－ＭｅＤＡＢ组较正常组和刺五加组均有显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５和Ｐ＜０．０１）２．全血ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ活性、ＳＯＤ活性,刺五加组较３－ＭｅＤＡＢ组均有显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＭＤＡ含量刺五加组和３－ＭｅＤＡＢ组均较正常组升高（均Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论刺五加在大鼠实验性肝癌诱发过程中有提高抗氧化酶活性和对抗致癌剂引起的机体中性粒细胞吞噬功能代偿性增高的作用。     

环六亚甲基双乙酰胺对胃癌不同细胞周期两条信号系…

环六亚甲基双乙酰胺（ＨＭＢＡ）对ＭＧｃ８０－３不同时相细胞内ｃＡＭＰ－ＰＫＡ与ＤＡＧ－ＰＫＣ两大系统不仅具有正负调控作用,而且其作用具有周期特异性。其中Ｇ１期是最敏感的调控时相,与对照组相比,ｃＡＭＰ水平上升１０２．３％,ＰＫＡ活性升高３４８％,ＤＡＧ含量下降５１．４％,ＰＫＣ活性降低３２．３％;次敏感时相为Ｇ２期;Ｍ期基本没受影响,Ｓ期变化规律不同于其他时相。     

采后番石榴贮藏期间的外形和生理变化（简报）

番石榴采后枯水严重,硬度迅速下降;贮藏前期呼吸缓慢,至１１d后加剧,第１３天出现跃变高峰;贮藏３d后开始翻放乙烯,以后急剧上升,第１３天达高峰;组织的ＰＨ值呈酸性（ＰＨ４－５）果皮的ＰＨ值一直呈上升趋势,而果肉的ＰＨ值却恒定在４．２左右;果皮的质膜相对透性高于果肉;室温贮藏１０d,番石榴的商品品质迅速下降。     

荔枝和龙眼种子发育过程中ABA含量及对外源ABA敏感性的变化

在荔枝和龙眼种子发育过程中,内源ＡＢＡ水平先是上升,至大约７８～８０ＤＰＡ时出现高峰,之后两者ＡＢＡ含量均不断下降。果实成熟时采收的种子,ＡＢＡ含量比高峰时分别下降近６倍。另外,随着种子的发育,种子及其胚轴对外源ＡＢＡ的敏感性（ＳＡＢＡ）亦持续下降。１０－４ｍｏｌ／ＬＡＢＡ可以完全抑制９０ＤＰＡ前的荔枝和龙眼种子的萌发,但对成熟种子１０－２ｍｏｌ／ＬＡＢＡ亦不能抑制其萌发。龙眼种子离体胚轴的ＳＡＢＡ高于荔枝。ＡＢＡ含量与敏感性的这种变化可能是两种顽拗性种子成熟时萌动,进而不耐脱水贮藏的重要原因之一。     

石刁柏愈伤组织根和芽分化过程中POD和SOD活性的变化

研究了石刁柏愈伤组织根和芽分化过程中可溶性蛋白质含量,过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）,超氧物岐化酶（ＳＯＤ）和非特异性酯酶（ＮＳＥ）活性变化的规律,结果表明：（１）在根和芽分化过程,可溶性蛋白质量增加,第８～１０ｄ增至高峰时,分别为愈伤组织的１．９８倍（根）和２．１９倍（芽）,随着根和芽进一步生长,可溶性蛋白质含量下陈,（２）在根（第１０ｄ）和芽（第８ｄ）形成时,ＰＯＤ活性达到最高水平,分别为１．９２和２．     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.