SMARCA1基因组结构鉴定及其在Smith-Fineman-Myers综合征家系中的突变分析

为探讨SMARCA1基因在中国山东SFMS家系患者发生中的作用,采用计算机杂交结合DNA序列分析方法,首先确定了SMARCA1基因的基因组结构,发现该基因的基因组DNA全长超过71．7kb,含有24个外显子和23个内含子,所有外显子和内含子接头皆遵循GT-AG法则,基因组结构的阐明,为进行基因突变检测和分析其生物学功能奠定了基础。在以上分析的基础上,通过PCR扩增结合测序分析,对在山东省发现的1个SFMS家系患者的SMARCA1基因的全部外显子和外显子内含子接头序列进行了基因突变检测,未检测到导致疾病的突变,提示中国山东SFMS家系患者不是由于SMARCA1基因编码区域内基因突变所致。     

一个中国Gilbert综合征家系的遗传学分析

对一个中国汉族Gilbert综合征遗传家系致病基因突变位点进行鉴定,以期了解该病的分子遗传学基础。首先提取先证者基因组DNA,PCR扩增尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶UGT1A1基因的5个外显子,以琼脂糖电泳鉴定PCR产物,纯化后直接测序鉴定。基因扫描显示,与血清胆红素水平密切相关的UGT1A1基因在第1和第5外显子存在纯合突变,而 UGT1A1基因启动子区域和内含子/外显子剪接边界位点序列未检测到突变。进一步对其他家系成员该基因的相应位点进行突变检测,结果显示他们在第1和第5外显子也存在杂合突变,其中还有两个成员在启动子区域检测到(TA)插入突变。对家系成员未抗凝新鲜血液进行生化检测证实了基因突变分析的结果。综合以上结果发现该家系三种突变并存,致病因素为第1和/或第5外显子突变,为显性遗传,两种突变位点纯合导致先证者出现严重胆红素代谢功能障碍。该家系因此成为Gilbert综合征突变位点及其致病机理研究的一个典型临床病例。     

两个常染色体显性遗传寻常性鱼鳞病家系致病基因的定位

为了对寻常性鱼鳞病的致病基因进行定位, 收集了2个湖南寻常性鱼鳞病家系, 采集外周血, 提取基因组DNA, 采用1号染色体和10号染色体上2个已知寻常性鱼鳞病位点的微卫星标记对这两个家系进行基因分型和连锁分析。结果显示, 寻常性鱼鳞病家系1的致病基因位于D1S498(1q21)附近, 与已知定位区间重叠; 寻常性鱼鳞病家系2的致病基因位点与已知的寻常性鱼鳞病位点不连锁, 可能存在新的致病基因位点。     

一个Ⅰ型遗传性淋巴水肿中国家系的VEGFR3基因的新突变方式

通过对国人Ⅰ型遗传性淋巴水肿一家系分子遗传学检测,报告VEGFR-3基因新突变。首先在Ⅰ型遗传性淋巴水肿对该家系进行致病基因的连锁分析,然后用DNA直接测序方法进行基因突变分析。连锁分析和单倍体分析确定该家系致病基因位于5q35.3,与Ⅰ型遗传性淋巴水肿连锁。VEGFR-3基因突变分析发现了一个新的错义突变D1055V,该错义突变在家系中共分离,且在100个正常对照组中未发现该序列改变。本研究首次报告了国内Ⅰ型遗传性淋巴水肿VEGFR-3基因新的错义突变D1055V,丰富了VEGFR-3基因基因突变谱,为今后开展遗传性淋巴水肿的基因诊断和遗传咨询奠定基础。     

4个遗传性多发性外生性骨疣病家系的基因定位

运用分别定位于人８号、１１号和１９号染色体上的８个二核苷酸（ＣＡ）ｎ重复多态位点,用连锁分析的方法对１１个遗传性多发性外生性骨疣病（ＥＸＴ）家系进行了基因定位分析。结果提示,其中４个家系致病基因位于１１号染色体近着丝粒区域。     

一个中国B1型短指家系致病基因的突变分析

文章收集了一个中国B1型短指家系,通过连锁分析,发现该家系疾病的致病基因与ROR2基因连锁。PCR扩增ROR2基因突变热点区域后直接测序,在家系患者中发现一个c.2265C>A的杂合突变,该突变在蛋白质水平导致p.Y755X的改变,从而产生缺失部分结构域的截短ROR2蛋白,而在家系正常人以及家系外正常人中均未发现此突变。文章是国内首次报道B1型短指家系ROR2基因c.2265C>A突变,丰富了中国人ROR2基因突变谱。     

常染色体显性遗传小眼球病与12个微卫星多态标志的初步连锁分析

本文报道了一个常染色体显性遗传小眼球的大家系,初步排除了此家系致病基因在目前已知位点(CHXl0、MITF、RX、MCOP、NN01、NN02)的可能,并探讨了与11号染色体上的微卫星DNA标志的连锁关系。采用聚合酶链(PCR)扩增微卫星DNA片段,扩增产物进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,用银染显示结果;用MLINK连锁分析软件计算LOD值。结果显示,本家系小眼球致病基因与6个已知位点及ll号染色体上的微卫星DNA标志之间不存在连锁,提示此家系的致病位点目前尚未被定位。     

常染色体显性遗传小眼球病与12个微卫星多态标志的初步连锁分析

本文报道了一个常染色体显性遗传小眼球的大家系,初步排除了此家系致病基因在目前已知位点(CHX10、MITF、RX、MCOP、NNO1、NNO2)的可能,并探讨了与11号染色体上的微卫星DNA标志的连锁关系。采用聚合酶链(PCR)扩增微卫星DNA片段,扩增产物进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,用银染显示结果;用MLINK连锁分析软件计算LOD值。结果显示,本家系小眼球致病基因与6个已知位点及11号染色体上的微卫星DNA标志之间不存在连锁,提示此家系的致病位点目前尚未被定位。     

一中国正常血钾周期性麻痹家系中的SCN4A基因的T704M突变

家族性周期性麻痹(periodic paralysis,PP)是以反复发作骨骼肌迟缓性瘫痪为特征的一组疾病。我们对一个来自湖北省的正常血钾周期性麻痹家系进行致病基因突变检测。应用微卫星标记对该家系进行连锁分析,证实致病基因可能同SCN4A连锁。对SCN4A基因全部外显子测序,发现患者在一个致病突变热点存在碱基替换C2188T。该突变导致编码氨基酸改变Thr704Met,经单链构象多态性分析证明该突变只存在于该家系患者,不存在于家系中健康人和100名无亲缘关系对照中,Thr704Met是该家系的致病突变。     

一个Ⅰ型遗传性淋巴水肿中国家系的VEGFR3基因的新突变方式

通过对国人Ⅰ型遗传性淋巴水肿一家系分子遗传学检测,报告VEGFR-3基因新突变.首先在Ⅰ型遗传性淋巴水肿对该家系进行致病基因的连锁分析,然后用DNA直接测序方法进行基因突变分析.连锁分析和单倍体分析确定该家系致病基因位于5q35.3,与Ⅰ型遗传性淋巴水肿连锁.VEGFR-3基因突变分析发现了一个新的错义突变D1055V.该错义突变在家系中共分离,且在100个正常对照组中未发现该序列改变.本研究首次报告了国内Ⅰ型遗传性淋巴水肿VEGFR-3基因新的错义突变D1055V,丰富了VEGFR-3基因基因突变谱,为今后开展遗传性淋巴水肿的基因诊断和遗传咨询奠定基础.     

Deletions/insertions, short inverted repeats, sequences resembling att-lambda, and frame shift mutated open reading frames are involved in chloroplast DNA differences in the genus Oenothera subsection Munzia

Summary A restriction fragment length mutation has been mapped in the large single copy region of the chloroplast DNA from two Munzi-Oenothera species. Fragments containing the deletion/insertion were cloned, further analysed by additional restriction enzymes, and sequenced. A deleted/inserted 136 bp sequence was identified upstream of the 5 end of a tRNA-Leu (UAA) gene and presumably is located in the spacer between this gene and a tRNA-Thr (UGU) gene. The endpoints of the 136 bp sequence are covered by short inverted repeats. Complementary inverted repeats are present in the middle of the deleted/inserted sequence. The repeats are part of sequences resembling the lambda chromosomal attachment site (att-lambda) which is essential for site specific recombination in the lambda/ Escherichia coli system. Possible interactions of the repeats during the deletion/insertion process are discussed. The spacer also contains a 1 bp deletion/insertion within an open reading frame (ORF). Due to this frame shift mutation the ORF sizes are quite different between the two Oenothera species.     

Molecular cloning and characterization of a complete Chinese hamster provirus related to intracisternal A particle genomes.

We report here the nucleotide sequence of a full-length Chinese hamster genomic proviral element, CHIAP34. CHIAP34 is 6,403 bp long with long terminal repeats of 311 bp at each end. The genetic organization of CHIAP34 was determined by comparison with intracisternal A particle (IAP) genetic elements from the mouse and Syrian hamster. Extensive homology at the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence levels was observed between CHIAP34 and the mouse and Syrian hamster IAP elements. CHIAP34 may represent a defective Chinese hamster IAP genetic element. The gag gene consists of 837 codons, of which 558 codons are in a single long open reading frame followed by several frameshifts. The pol gene begins with a -1 frameshift and consists of a long open reading frame of 753 codons followed by a short open reading frame of 103 codons. The putative env region contains multiple termination codons in all reading frames. CHIAP34 is representative of the predominant retroviral elements in the Chinese hamster ovary cell genome present at around 80 copies per haploid genome.     

Comparison of the maxicircle (mitochondrial) genomes of Leishmania tarentolae and Trypanosoma brucei at the level of nucleotide sequence

The entire 16.7-kilobase (kb) transcribed region of the Leishmania tarentolae maxicircle was compared to the entire 15-kb transcribed region of the Trypanosoma brucei maxicircle at the nucleotide sequence level by dot matrix analysis and by alignments of individual genes. The L. tarentolae NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) gene was identified in a newly obtained 2.9-kb sequence. All but two regions which flank the cytochrome b gene are highly conserved in both species. One 3.1-kb region in L. tarentolae that contains the cytochrome oxidase subunit III (COIII) gene and several open reading frames corresponds to a 2-kb sequence in T. brucei with limited sequence homology that lacks the COIII gene. Another 0.6-kb region that comprises an unidentified open reading frame (open reading frame 12) in L. tarentolae is substituted by a nonhomologous 0.4-kb open reading frame in T. brucei. A short intergenic region between the ND1 gene and the maxicircle unidentified reading frame 1 gene shows limited sequence homology, and the regions between the ND4 and ND5 genes and between the COI and ND4 genes are not conserved. All of the intergenic regions share G + C richness and a similar pattern of G versus C strand bias. 1.8 kb of the L. tarentolae divergent region (DV) and around 3 kb of the T. brucei DV were also obtained. The T. brucei DV sequences were not homologous to the L. tarentolae DV sequence but were organized in a similar fashion with tandem repeats of varying complexity.