首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
一种简单快速的拟南芥水培方法的研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
利用1/4 Hoagland溶液为营养液,采用空气压缩机通气,光照度120μmol/m^2/s,光暗周期12/12小时,光照温度22℃,黑暗温度18℃,湿度50%,对模式植物拟南芥进行了溶液培养。采用这种水培系统培养的拟南芥植株比土培的植株提前三周成熟,而且植株生长非常健壮,苗高可达30~40cm。  相似文献   

2.
采用营养液栽培,以根际低氧耐性不同的2个黄瓜品种为试验材料,研究了Ca2 对根际低氧胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长和叶片荧光特性的影响。结果表明:(1)根际低氧胁迫下,黄瓜植株根长、根表面积和根尖数减少,但根径有所增大;叶片干重、鲜重和叶面积显著减小,提高营养液钙浓度可使植株叶片干、鲜重和叶面积得到部分恢复。(2)根际低氧胁迫下,叶片光合色素含量降低,提高营养液钙浓度对色素含量无明显影响。(3)根际低氧胁迫下,常钙和高钙处理黄瓜叶片Fv/Fm与通气常钙(CK)无显著差异,但低氧缺钙处理的Fv/Fm显著降低;与通气常钙相比,根际低氧胁迫处理的光化学猝灭(qP)减小、非光化学猝灭(qN)增大、光合功能相对限制值(L(PFD))升高,提高营养液钙浓度可使qP和qN恢复至近对照水平,而使L(PFD)低于对照,且‘绿霸春四号’黄瓜品种表现得更为突出;根际低氧胁迫下,光化学速率(Prate)减小,天线热耗散速率(Drate)都随钙浓度升高而降低。总之,根际低氧胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长被显著抑制,PSⅡ反应中心受到一定程度的破坏,提高钙浓度可使PSII反应中心恢复至接近甚至高于通气对照的水平,从而有效缓解根际低氧胁迫对黄瓜幼苗造成的伤害。  相似文献   

3.
扦插是袋鼠花繁殖的主要方法。本实验采用不同剂量营养液与吲哚丁酸(IBA)不同浓度相结合的方法,以清水为对照,通过测定袋鼠花的生根情况,探讨袋鼠花水培扦插的适宜处理组合。结果表明:营养液方面,清水处理对根条数、根长、根鲜重和生根率的影响明显优于其它处理,有利于袋鼠花的水培生根;IBA浓度为20mg/L时的生根率明显优于其它处理和对照,而当其浓度为40mg/L时对于根条数、根长和根鲜重则明显优于对照和其它处理,最有利于袋鼠花的水培生根。实验结果说明较低浓度的营养液(如清水)与中等浓度(如40mg/L)的IBA激素最有利于袋鼠花的水培生根。因此,本研究为缩短水培袋鼠花的生产周期及突出其观根特色,提高其观赏价值和商品价值提供理论依据。  相似文献   

4.
长期连栽杨树林根际土壤自毒作用的生物测定   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
陆茜  张金池  孟苗婧 《生态学报》2017,37(12):4053-4060
选取10—40a不同代际的长期集约连栽杨树土壤为对象,从自毒作用的角度探讨人工林连栽障碍的原因与机理。实施了不同连栽代际的杨树人工林土壤对莴苣种子发芽和扦插杨树枝条生长的抑制活性的系统生物测定试验。结果表明,连栽杨树林的根际土壤比非根际土壤能够显著抑制莴苣种子萌发率。对Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ代林根际土壤的浓度梯度试验都表明浸提液的质量浓度越大,对种子萌发的抑制性越强,其中Ⅲ代林处理液的浓度效应最明显。将Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ代杨树林根际土壤配置成加营养液组与无营养液组两组对照水培溶液测定扦插杨树枝条的胚芽生长长度和根伸长长度。结果表明,III代林根际土壤处理液的胚芽生长长度和根伸长长度显著小于Ⅱ代林根际土壤处理液,Ⅱ代林处理又显著小于Ⅰ代林处理,Ⅰ代林处理液与对照组无显著差别,这种随林代增大、根际土壤对植株生长的抑制活性增大的趋势在加营养液组更为显著。本文确定了连栽土壤抑制活性的根际效应与浓度效应,为连栽杨树人工林的自毒作用研究提供了重要的实验依据,并推断连栽杨树人工林通过根系分泌物的方式在根际部分逐代积累自毒物质,由于自毒物质的浓度效应,Ⅰ代林阶段自毒效应不显著甚至促进林木生长;随着集约时间增长,到Ⅲ代林阶段自毒效应显著抑制杨树生长和更新。在集约抚育中,对土壤实施人工添加营养液的方式无法缓解其抑制性自毒作用,有可能加剧连栽障碍的产生。  相似文献   

5.
根际酸化是植物适应低磷胁迫的重要策略,但植物是如何感知和转导低磷信号,进而促进根际酸化的分子机制至今还不十分清楚。利用p H指示剂(溴甲酚紫)显色法从拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)T-DNA插入突变体库中分离得到了1株低磷诱导根际酸化缺失突变体spl1。在含溴甲酚紫的低磷培养基上培养8小时,野生型拟南芥根际培养基的颜色变为黄色,而突变体spl1根际培养基的颜色没有明显变化,表明spl1的低磷根际酸化反应能力降低。当低磷胁迫处理延长20天,spl1叶片的花青素积累明显高于野生型。同时也出现,即使在磷营养正常条件下,spl1突变体也表现出根毛数量与长度增加的特征。进一步的研究表明,在低磷条件下,spl1突变体根部的磷含量略高于野生型,与磷转运相关基因的表达量明显高于野生型。分子遗传学分析结果表明,SPL1基因受低磷胁迫诱导,主要在拟南芥的叶片和花等组织中表达,其编码的蛋白广泛分布在细胞的各个部位。以上结果表明,SPL1参与介导低磷诱导的拟南芥根际酸化反应,调节多种低磷胁迫反应及低磷条件下磷饥饿诱导基因的表达。  相似文献   

6.
根际通气状况对盐胁迫下棉花幼苗生长的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
祁琳  柏新富 《植物学报》2016,51(1):16-23
以溶液培养的棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)幼苗为材料,测定了不同盐胁迫程度和不同通气状况下棉花幼苗株高、根系体积、根系和茎叶生物量以及灰分含量的变化,以探索根际通气状况对盐胁迫下棉花生长的影响。结果表明,盐胁迫抑制棉花植株生长,表现为植株变矮、叶面积减小和干物质积累下降;根际环境通气不良也会导致棉花幼苗生长受抑制、干物质积累下降和矿质元素吸收减少等。进一步比较盐胁迫和根际通气状况及两者组合作用对棉苗生长的影响,发现盐胁迫对株高和总生物量的影响较大,而根际通气状况对根系体积、根系生物量、根冠比和矿质元素吸收的影响较大。总体表现为:盐胁迫对茎叶生长的不利影响较大,而根际通气状况对根系生长的不利影响较大。同时,在根际环境通气良好的条件下,不同程度盐胁迫导致的棉花幼苗株高、根系体积、叶面积、根系生物量和总生物量的变化程度远小于根际环境通气不良条件下的变化程度。实验结果表明,根际环境通气良好可以减弱盐胁迫对棉花生长发育的抑制作用,而根际环境通气不良则会加重盐胁迫的不利影响。  相似文献   

7.
一种简易可行的拟南芥水培新方法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
在国内外拟南芥水培方法研究基础上,结合实际情况,设计一套适合于实验室的需要,能就地取材自己制作的水培装置.这套装置主要由两部分组成:播放种子的塑料管和作为支撑物的不锈钢丝网,盛溶液的容器.实验证明两个拟南芥品种在这种水培装置中生长良好,且培养的费用低,易于管理等.由于有钢丝网作支撑,拟南芥能够顺利完成整个生长周期并且结实饱满,种子萌发率高.  相似文献   

8.
不同植物激素与培养液对米兰插条水培生根的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过用不同植物激素与培养液的组合对米兰水培生根试验,在实验过程中观察其生根状况,实验中选用4~6年生优质母株上的1年生枝条,剪取10~15 cm长插穗,于5月中旬采用不同营养液分别加旺根(自制生根剂)、国光萘乙酸NAA催根处理,以清水为对照,以揭示米兰水培生根的最佳配方。40天后实验结果表明:在所设计的组合中以营养液B 根旺的处理较为理想。  相似文献   

9.
溶液培养植物的研究已有上百年的历史,它对证明无机营养元素的必需性起了决定的作用,并为化学肥料的生产和应用作出了不可磨灭的贡献。但传统的水培技术在大面积生产上使用却一直存在困难。多年来是采用营养液流动,人工通气或加固体填充物来解决水和空气间的矛盾。这些措施设备复杂,管理较困难,经济效益又很低,因此限制了水培在生产上的发展。七十年代末Cooper试验成功一种新  相似文献   

10.
拟南芥直播水培法   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6  
在参考国内外水培拟南芥的经验和方法的基础上,采用简易的水培装置,对拟南芥直播水培方法进行了探索.  相似文献   

11.
Conversion of ammonium to nitrate and contamination by nitrifying organisms are often assumed not to be significant in ammonium-based nutrient solutions. To assess this assumption, maize (Zea mays) and pea (Pisum sativum) were grown under greenhouse conditions in aeroponic, hydroponic, and sand-culture systems containing 2 mM ammonium chloride as the sole nitrogen source and evaluated for the activity of contaminating nitrifying organisms. In all three culture systems, root colonization by nitrifying organisms was detected within 5 d, and nitrate was detected in the nutrient solution within 10 d after seedling transfer. In sand culture, solution nitrate concentration reached 0.35 mM by the end of the 17-d experiment. Consistent with the microbial ammonium oxidation sequence, nitrite was detected earlier than nitrate and remained at lower levels throughout the experiment. Nitrate was found in significant quantities in root and shoot tissues from seedlings grown in ammonium-based nutrient solutions in all of the solution culture systems. Maize seedlings grown in an ammonium-based hydroponic system contained nitrate concentrations at 40% of that found in plants grown in nitrate-based solution. Determination of nitrate (or nitrite) levels in the nutrient solution was the weakest indicator of the activity of nitrifying organisms. A bioassay for the presence of nitrifying organisms in combination with tissue analysis for nitrate was a better indicator of microbial conversion of ammonium to nitrate in nutrient solution culture. The results have implications for the use of ammonium-based nutrient solutions to obtain plants suitable for research on induction of nitrate uptake and reduction or for research using solution culture to compare ammonium versus nitrate fertilization.  相似文献   

12.
橡胶树(Hevea brasiliensis)种子催芽生长一般使用沙床培育,沙子是不可再生资源,为了选择一种适合橡胶树种子培育方式来替代对沙子的依赖,该研究通过水培、悬空培育和传统的沙培比较橡胶树实生苗第1蓬叶稳定时,苗木的生长势、生理指标及养分含量。结果表明,水培实生苗地上部株高、茎粗、叶面积的长势最佳,壮苗指数和生物量的含量最高,但其根太长,根相对较细。水培的叶、茎、根的可溶性糖、丙二醛、游离脯氨酸、超氧化物歧化酶的含量均较低;水培和悬空培育的叶片和茎的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素及根系活力的含量没有显著性差异,均高于沙培。水培的叶、茎、根中的氮和磷含量最低,沙培的最高;而水培实生苗根和茎中钾的含量较高,叶片中含量与悬空培育、沙培均没有显著性差异;悬空培育在叶、茎、根中钾的含量最低。水培促进了苗木的生长,降低干旱胁迫,提高养分利用率,但后续还需调控根系,建设良好根团。悬空培育的苗木长势较弱,还需进一步完善方法。  相似文献   

13.
The general relationship between heavy metals and mineral nutrition of plants grown in polluted environments is one of the most important factors for modifying the toxic properties of these metals. To study the effect of iron and lead pollution on the growth of Matthiola flavida a factorial research was undertaken in the form of a completely randomized design with four replications in hydroponic culture. After germination, seedlings were transferred to a hydroponic culture. During the pre-treatment step, a series of plants contained enough iron (+Fe), whereas the second series was without iron (?Fe). After the pre-treatment step, both series of plants were treated with three levels of iron as FeEDDHA and two levels of lead as Pb(NO3)2. The results showed that in both series of plants, lead reduced the root growth, shoot height, shoot and root dry weight. For 5 µM lead concentration, with increasing concentration of iron in the nutrient solution, concentration of lead in the roots and shoots decreased. For 1 µM concentration of lead, increasing the iron concentration in the nutrient solution reduced the concentration of lead in the roots, but had no significant effect on the amount of lead in shoots. Lead accumulation in shoots and roots of plants with Fe was more than plants without Fe. Also, in low concentrations of iron, the amount of iron in shoot increased with the increase of lead concentration in the nutrient solution. The results showed that in lead pollution, iron has a positive effect on investigated traits.  相似文献   

14.
Young  C.C.  Chen  L.F. 《Plant and Soil》1997,196(1):143-149
Linum usitatissimum, Sorghum bicolor and Triticum aestivum plants were further colonised by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus mosseae, during a four week period of hydroponic culture after a pre-culture period of three weeks with the fungus in perlite substrate. The viability of mycorrhizal colonisation of T. aestivum was indicated by an initial experiment where G. mosseae from mycorrhizal plants colonised non-mycorrhizal plants when the plants were grown together in the same hydroponic container using modified Long Ashton nutrient solution. Intermittant aeration of the plant roots (2 h periods, four times per day) provided a compromise between adequate aeration and minimal disturbance of the fungus. In a second experiment, two nutrient media, modified Long Ashton and modified Knop plus Hoagland medium were compared for culturing G. mosseae on T. aestivum. A significantly higher root dry weight was found for the mycorrhizal versus the non-mycorrhizal wheat plants in modified Long Ashton nutrient medium, which contained 10 µM P and an organic buffer. Modified Knop plus Hoagland nutrient medium contained a high P concentration (0.9 mM) and did not produce viable cultures of mycorrhizal colonisation. In a third experiment, modified Long Ashton medium was used for hydroponic culture of mycorrhizal L. usitatissimum, S. bicolor and T. aestivum. The root colonisation percentages for T. aestivum (73%), S. bicolor (36%) and L. usitatissimum (65%) were within the range of colonisation rates obtained with solid substrate culture in perlite. Viability of the mycorrhizal structures in hydroponic culture was assessed by monitoring activity of fungal succinate dehydrogenase and found to be similar to cultures in perlite. No difference in the P concentration of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants was observed, possibly owing to the lack of diffusion limits for P in hydroponic solution. This report describes a system for the viable culture of G. mosseae with different plant species where a high mycorrhizal colonisation rate was produced under conditions of a short culture period using intermittent aeration, a low concentration of P supply and an organic buffer.  相似文献   

15.
An in vitro model for studying the influence of different factors on chicon formation during hydroponic forcing has been developed. The shoot apex was isolated from the chicory roots and cultured on a gelled nutrient medium. This medium was considered as a replacement of the root. Small chicons (5 g) were produced. Water and, more importantly, sucrose availability had important influences on the outgrowth of the chicons. When sucrose was added to the medium the chicon-weight increased two-fold. On a medium with low agar concentration (0.3% (w/v)), heavier chicons were produced compared with a medium with agar at 1.2% (w/v). Browning of the pith tissue (= flowering stem) decreased with increased agar concentration. The results presented indicate that the in vitro system can be used as a research model to study chicon development in relation to root functioning and composition. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

16.
The plant availability of Fe from synthetic chelates has not been examined extensively for plants having the second strategy in iron uptake. Since these plants also excrete chelating agents, competition between natural and synthetic ligands is expected. This research was conducted to study the efficiency of different iron-chelates (Fe-EDTA, Fe-DTPA, Fe-EDDHA and a commercial product, Rexene) inLolium multiflorum iron nutrition. Plants were grown in a greenhouse with hydroponic culture using a buffered nutrient solution at pH 8. Initial iron concentration in the nutrient solution was near 0.5 mgl–1 and solutions were replaced weekly. In an other Fe-EDTA treatment the same amount of chelate was supplied by four additions during each week.Changes of iron concentration in the nutrient solution, harvestable yield, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn content in plant tissue and chlorophylllevels in leaves are discussed as parameters to evaluate chelate efficacy. Fe-EDDHA, without inorganic iron in the medium was not as effective as the commercial product Rexene, containing Fe-EDDHA and some extra weakly complex iron, which gave the highest yields. Fe-EDTA applied once a week with fresh nutrient solution was less effective than a four part addition as seen from Chl1/[Fe] ratios.  相似文献   

17.
Hydroponic systems have been utilized as one of the standard methods for plant biology research and are also used in commercial production for several crops, including lettuce and tomato. Within the plant research community, numerous hydroponic systems have been designed to study plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here we present a hydroponic protocol that can be easily implemented in laboratories interested in pursuing studies on plant mineral nutrition.This protocol describes the hydroponic system set up in detail and the preparation of plant material for successful experiments. Most of the materials described in this protocol can be found outside scientific supply companies, making the set up for hydroponic experiments less expensive and convenient.The use of a hydroponic growth system is most advantageous in situations where the nutrient media need to be well controlled and when intact roots need to be harvested for downstream applications. We also demonstrate how nutrient concentrations can be modified to induce plant responses to both essential nutrients and toxic non-essential elements.  相似文献   

18.
This paper presents a hydroponic system for culturing and maintaining the VAM fungus Glomus intraradices in symbiosis with linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) under greenhouse conditions in pure nutrient solution. It was possible to obtain large quantities of mycorrhizal host plant roots as well as extramatrical mycelium and chlamydospores free of impeding residues of solid substrate components. Starting from linseed donor plants inoculated in sand and transferred to the nutrient solution, new infections arose within the fast growing root system, hyphae spread out into the liquid and infected mycorrhiza-free receptor plants. Data for infection rates and plant growth parameters are presented. In comparsion to other culture systems for VAM fungi, the advantages of this hydroponic system are discussed and potential uses suggested.  相似文献   

19.
Summary Leaves of tomato plants grown in a hydroponic culture using a boron toxic solution present a different single phenols composition than those grown using an optimized nutrient solution. The absence of caffeic acid and aesculetin in boron toxic plants at flowering suggests that these compounds can be used as markers for the biochemical diagnosis of boron toxicity in tomato plants.  相似文献   

20.
We describe a system for hydroponically growing plants that is based on using a polyethylene (PE) granulate as the floating body. The procedure can be performed in all suitable vessels (e.g., bowls, basins, glasses) and is independent of the culture area. Barley plants (Hordeum vulgare) grown in this hydroponic system had no difference in the uptake of mercuric and cadmium ions when compared with plants grown on a defined agar medium. The simple and inexpensive method can be used for the isolation of leaf tissue and large amounts of root tissue. In addition, numerous experiments can be run in parallel.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号