分离于贵州的一个青霉属新种

新种贵州青霉（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍ　ｇｕｉｚｈｏｕａｎｕｍ　ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）分离于贵州省发霉的竹笋,它和鲜红青霉（Ｐ．ｃｈｅｒｍｅｓｉｎｕｍＰ．Ｂｉｏｕｒｇｅ）类似,但它的分生孢子结构形成缓慢,分生抱梗茎的顶端不膨大成囊状,瓶梗披针形及偶有双轮生帚状枝等特征,易于与后者相区分．本种与扁球青霉（Ｐ．ｏｂｌａｔｕｍＪ．Ｉ．Ｐｉｔｔ　＆Ａ．Ｄ．Ｈｏｃｋｉｎｇ）也有一些共同之处,如质地绳状,帚状枝单轮生或偶有双轮生,瓶梗披针形等。然而,其分生孢．梗茎的壁平滑,分生孢子呈长椭圆形,这些特征是扁球青霉所不具备的．     

分离于贵州的一个青霉属新种

新种贵州青霉（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍ ｇｕｉｚｈｏｕａｎｕｍ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）分离于贵州省发霉的竹笋,它和鲜红青霉（Ｐ．ｃｈｅｒｍｅｓｉｎｕｍ Ｐ．Ｂｉｏｕｒｇｅ）类似,但它的分子分生孢子结构形成缓慢,分生孢梗茎的顶端不膨大成囊状,瓶梗披针形及偶有双轮生帚状枝等特征,易于与后者相区分。本种与扁球青霉（Ｐ．ｏｂｌａｔｕｍ Ｊ．Ｉ．Ｐｉｔｔ ＆ Ａ．Ｄ．Ｈｏｃｋｉｎｇ）也有一些共同之处,如质地绳状,     

青霉属的一个新种

本文报告从贵阳市细叶桉树流胶上分离到的一株青霉,在查氏琼脂上生长极为局限,菌落质地为绳状,并形成匍匐枝样的菌丝,超越菌落之外再重新进入培养基内生长。帚状枝大多为双轮对称型,少数单轮生或不规则分枝。瓶梗不呈典型的披针形。分生孢子球形至近球形,具瘤状突起。分生孢子链形成相当致密的短柱,一部分的顶部稍尖。该菌属于双轮对称青霉组的绳状青霉系,近于擒状青霉(Penicillium piceum Raper et Fenncll),但区别在于菌落特征明显不同和具有瘤状突起的分生孢子,命名为树脂青霉(Penicillium resinae sp. Nov)。     

篮状菌属的四个中国新记录种

在系统调查我国篮状菌属Talaromyces物种资源的工作中,分离得到了10株篮状菌。基于形态学和BenA、CaM及rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列的分子种系学分析确定它们分属于6个种,即艾米斯托克篮状菌T. amestolkiae、暗玫瑰篮状菌T. atroroseus、暗绿篮状菌T. fuscoviridis、肯德里克篮状菌T. kendrickii、斯托尔篮状菌T. stollii和多样篮状菌T. versatilis,其中后4种为篮状菌组section Talaromyces的我国新记录种。T. fuscoviridis生长适中,在MEA培养基背面呈特征性的暗绿色,形成绒兼短絮状菌落,产生稀疏的灰色分生孢子,其帚状枝双轮生兼单轮生,瓶梗为安瓿形;T. kendrickii生长适中,产生典型绒状菌落和大量深绿色分生孢子,其帚状枝双轮生兼不规则生,排列紧密,瓶梗为安瓿形;T. stollii生长迅速,形成绒状兼絮状菌落并产生大量灰绿色分生孢子,其帚状枝双轮生兼三轮生,排列紧密,瓶梗为典型披针形;T. versatilis生长迅速,形成短絮状兼绳状菌落,产生脏粉色菌丝体和稀疏的灰色分生孢子,其帚状枝双轮生兼单轮生,排列不紧密,瓶梗为安瓿形。这4个新记录种的发现进一步丰富了我国篮状菌属的物种资源。     

椭孢青霉,他离自广西的一新种

新种椭孢青霉Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍ ｅｌｌｉｐｓｏｉｄｅｏｓｐｏｒｕｍ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．分离自中国广西地区的一颗榕树籽。它在标准培养条件下生长局限;其帚状枝非常不规则,分生孢子幼时呈圆柱形,成熟后呈长随球形、圆柱形或随球形。     

首报宛氏拟青霉引起肺部感染的真菌学鉴定

本文首报一例由宛氏拟青霉引起肺部感染的真菌学鉴定。从患者痰和肺泡洗液中分离得到的这株宛氏拟青霉(GN8710)主要特征有:①本菌于察氏、沙堡氏培养基中26℃生长良好。②培养物镜检可见分生孢子梗上生出单个瓶梗或多个瓶梗形成帚状枝,瓶梗细长着生卵圆形孢子,形成长链。③培养早期菌丝可产生球形巨孢子。本菌可引起条件性致病。     

篮状菌属的三个中国新记录种

报道依据形态学和基于BenA、Rpb2和rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列的分子系统学分析确定的篮状菌属篮状菌组Talaromyces sect. Talaromyces的3个中国新记录种,即蛇床篮状菌T. cnidii,苹果篮状菌T. malicola和丘陵篮状菌T. tumuli。T. cnidii生长较快,形成典型的绒状菌落,产生大量橄榄绿色分生孢子,在CYA和MEA上菌落背面呈深红色;其帚状枝为双轮生兼不规则生,分生孢子椭球形至卵形,壁光滑,大小不一。T. malicola生长适中,在CYA上形成絮状兼绳状菌落且只产生少量分生孢子,但在MEA上产生大量灰绿色分生孢子;其帚状枝主要为紧密双轮生,偶尔单轮生,分生孢子球形至近球形,壁光滑至稍粗糙。T. tumuli生长适中,形成絮状兼绳状菌落并产生大量灰绿色分生孢子;其帚状枝为双轮生兼不规则生,排列不紧密,瓶梗安瓿形,分生孢子椭球形至柠檬形,壁光滑至稍粗糙。     

拟青霉属一新种及其杀蚜活性

从病死棉蚜（ＡｐｈｉｓｇｏｓｓｙｐｉｉＧｌｏｖｅｒ）分离到拟青霉属一新种－灰绿拟青霉（ＰａｅｃｉｌｏｍｙｃｅｓｇｒｉｓｅｉｖｉｒｄｉｓＭ．Ｘ．Ｄａｉｌ）。在查氏琼脂和ＰＤＡ上菌落呈灰绿色,瓶梗１．８～３．２×５．６～１０．３μｍ基部椭圆形膨大或呈圆柱状,上部明显变细,分生孢子纺锤形,单胞,壁光滑,１．２０～１．８×２．８～４．４μｍ分生孢子对蚜虫具有侵染力,该菌发酵液（离心后）亦具有一定的杀蚜活性     

篮状菌属的一个新种

新种短密篮状菌，其无性型为短密梅丽霉，它的子囊果原基可能是由卷曲的菌丝形成；子囊孢子的壁平滑或近于平滑；帚状枝主要是三轮生成三轮和双轮生于同一个孢梗茎的顶端，偶有双轮生或不规则者。这些特征和近似种榛色篮状菌具有明显的区别。     

分离自江西的一个青霉属新种

新种江西青霉Pencilliumjangxiensesp.nov.分离自江西省的江西虫草Cordycepsjiangxiensis,它类似于无色青霉Penicilliumincoloratum和贵州青霉P.guizhouanum,但前者的帚状枝不分枝,显著单轮生,生长很慢,分生孢子结构发育很慢,分生孢子也很小,这些特征易于与近似种相区分。     

Infection status with helminthes in feral cats purchased from a market in Busan, Republic of Korea

The present study was performed to investigate the infection status with helminth in a group of feral cats in Korea. More than 29 helminth species including adults or eggs were detected in visceral and fecal samples of the examined cats. Among these were a host of nematodes, including toxocarids, Ancylostoma sp. and the larva of Anisakis simplex; trematodes, including Clonorchis sinensis, Paragonimus westermani, Eurytrema pancreaticum, Pharyngostomum cordatum, Metagonimus spp., Heterophyes nocens, Pygidiopsis summa, Heterophyopsis continua, Stictodora fuscata, Stictodora lari, Acanthotrema felis, Stellantchasmus falcatus, Centrocestus armatus, Procerovum varium, Cryptocotyle sp., Echinostoma revolutum, Echinostoma hortense, Echinochasmus japonicus, Stephanoprora sp., Plagiorchis muris, Neodiplostomum sp. and diplostomulum. We also detected a variety of cestodes, including Spirometra erinacei, Taenia taeniaeformis and unidentified species of tapeworm. We also found examples of the acanthocephalan, Bolbosoma sp. In our assessment of the stools, we detected at least 12 species of helminth eggs. These findings confirmed that feral cats in Korea are infected with a variety of helminth parasite species. Furthermore, among the helminths detected, E. pancreaticum, S. fuscata, S. lari, A. felis, S. falcatus, C. armatus, P. varium, Cryptocotyle sp., E. revolutum, E. japonicus, Stephanoprora sp., P. muris, Neodiplostomum sp. and Bolbosoma sp. represent helminth fauna which have not been reported previously in feral cats in the Republic of Korea.     

中国海南省金小蜂分类研究（膜翅目：小蜂总科：金小蜂科）

首次系统研究并报道了中国海南省分布的金小蜂,记录１５属１９种,编制了属种检索表。同时初步探讨了海南省与洲、非洲之间在金小蜂分布上的关系。     

贵州罗甸纳水上石炭统(宾夕法尼亚亚系)地层的再研究

本文详细描述了贵州罗甸纳水上石炭统(宾夕法尼亚亚系)剖面的生物地层和年代地层,其牙形刺序列自上而下可详细划分为：Streptognathodus isolatus, S. wabaunsensis, S. tenuialveus, S. firmus, Idiognathodus nashuiensis , Streptognathodus simulator, S. guizhouensis , S. gracilis-S, excelsus , S. cancellosus , S. clavatulus , S. nodocarinatus , Idiognathodus podolskensis , Mesogondolella clarki -Idiognathodus robustus , Diplognathodus ophanus-D, ellesmerensis, Idiognathoides ouachitensis, Streptognathodus expansus, Idiognathoides sulcatus parva, Idiognathodus primulus-Neognathodus bassleri, Idiognathodus primulus-Neognathodus symmetricus, Neognathodus symmetricus, Idiognathoides corrugatus-I, pacificus, I. sinuatus, I. sulcatus sulcatus, Declinognathodus noduli ferus 和 Gnathodus bilineatus bollandensis 等带。 Declinognathodus noduliferus 和 Streptognathodus isolatus 的首次出现分别代表上石炭统(宾夕法尼亚亚系)和二叠系的开始。根据牙形刺和有孔虫的序列,罗甸纳水剖面的上石炭统(宾夕法尼亚亚系)地层自下而上可划分为罗苏阶(Luosuan)、滑石板阶(Huashibanian)、达拉阶(Dalaan)和马平阶(Mapingian),并可与俄罗斯的巴什基尔阶(Bashkirian)、莫斯科阶(Moscovian)、卡西莫夫阶(Kasimovian)和格舍尔阶(Gzhelian),北美的莫罗阶(Morrowan)、阿托克阶(Atokan)、得梅因阶(Desmoinesian)、密苏里阶(Missourian)和弗吉尔阶(Virgilian)进行对比。另外,本文也详细讨论了剖面中的石炭系中间界线及石炭-二叠系界线。     

世界柽麦蛾属支序生物地理学研究（鳞翅目： 麦蛾科）

基于对世界柽麦蛾属昆虫外部形态和外生殖器的形态学研究,选择了66个性状演变系列,通过PAUP*4b10软件对柽麦蛾属51种昆虫进行了支序系统学分析。分析结果认为heluanensis种团并不是一个单系群,柽麦蛾属被重新作了7个种团的划分。在支序系统学分析的基础上,柽麦蛾属昆虫的14个地理分布区域等级关系被重建,显示出古地中海地区复杂的历史,同时说明在该属分布格局中扩散事件客观存在。     

Taxonomic notes on water bloom forming Microcystis species (Cyanophyta) from China—An example from samples of the Dianchi Lake

Ten common species of Microcystis, based on the examination of water samples from the Dianchi Lake, Yunnan, China, were morphologically described, and their taxonomy was also discussed. They are Microcystis aeruginosa, M. botrys, M. firma, M. flos-aquae, M. ichthyoblabe, M. novacekii, M. pseudofilamentosa, M. smithii, M. viridis and M. wesenbergii. Taxonomic status of other Microcystis species reported in China was also evaluated. Key words Cyanophyta, Microcystis, morphology, taxonomy, China.     

Chromosome numbers of European blackberries (Rubus subg.Rubus,Rosaceae)

Chromosome numbers are presented for 32 collections of 29 European blackberry species (Rubus subg.Rubus) from Germany. One species is triploid (2n = 21), 27 species are tetraploid, (2n = 28), and one species is pentaploid (2n = 35). Chromosome numbers are reported for the first time ofR. adspersus, R. amisiensis, R. calvus, R. conothyrsoides, R. contractipes, R. demissus, R. elegantispinosus, R. ferocior, R. foliosus, R. hypomalacus, R. leucandrus, R. nemorosus, R. platyacanthus, R. praecox, R. rhombifolius, andR. rhytidophyllus. Chromosome numbers forR. dasyphyllus, R. gelertii, R. glandithyrsos, R. lamprocaulos, R. lindebergii, R. macrophyllus, R. montanus, R. muenteri, R. pedemontanus, R. polyanthemus, R. senticosus, R. silvaticus, andR. vigorosus are confirmed.     

Sixteen new species of Thelypteris (Thelypteridaceae) from Bolivia

We describe 16 new species of Thelypteris (Thelypteridaceae) from Bolivia: T. aymarae, T. chaparensis, T. fasciola, T. fayorum, T. inaequilateralis, T. lumbricoides, T. madidiensis, T. minima, T. nephelium, T. parva, T. pelludia, T. pilonensis, T. rosulata, T. sapechoana, T. stephanii, and T. yungensis.     

A review of studies on Pichavaram mangrove, southeast India

We studied a tropical mangrove ecosystem, situated at Pichavaram, southeast India. We found 13 species of mangrove trees, with Avicennia marinaand Rhizophora species predominant, besides 73 spp. of other plants, 52 spp. of bacteria, 23 spp. of fungi, 82 spp. of phytoplankton, 22 spp. of seaweeds, 3 spp. of seagrass, 95 spp. of zooplankton, 40 spp. of meiobenthos, 52 spp. of macrobenthos, 177 spp. of fish and 200 spp. of birds. The bacteria performed activities like photosynthesis, methanogenesis, magnetic behaviour, human pathogens and production of antibiotics and enzymes (arysulphatase, L-glutaminase, chitinase, L-asparaginase, cellulase, protease, phosphatase). The microzooplankton included tintinnids, rotifers, nauplius stages of copepods and veliger larvae of molluscs, with a predominance of tintinnids. Tintinopsis spp. alone accounted for 90% of abundance. The macrozooplankton consisted of 95% of copepods and coelenterates. The meiofauna was rich with nematodes (50–70% of the component), followed by foramifera. The macrofauna included polychaetes, bivalves, gastropods, tanaids, isopods, amphipods, cirripedes, crabs, hermit crabs and shrimps. The mangrove harboured a large number of juvenile fishes, especially during summer and post-monsoon. The water was fertile and productive in having several fold-higher levels of nutrients, microbes, plankton and other biological resources, than the adjoining estuarine, backwater and neritic environments. The gross primary production was 8 g cm^-3 d^-1; about 21% of which was contributed by phytoplankton of 5–10 m size. Unfortunately, 90% of the mangrove cover in the study area was degraded. Possible factors that cause degradation of the ecosystem are detailed and remedial measures suggested. Techniques for regeneration of the degraded areas are proposed.     

紫荆族的脉序研究

本文对代表豆科云实亚科紫荆族全部五个属．即紫荆属、腺叶紫荆属、格里芬豆属、拟羊蹄甲属和羊蹄甲属的几乎全部系或亚组的１３４个种或种下分类单元的叶脉序进行了研究,并描述了本族２０个基本脉序类型．在紫荆族中,腺叶紫荆属和拟羊蹄甲属的脉序式样非常相似;紫荆属的种类的脉式样以全绿叶,一级脉不及绿等特征组合有别于本族其它属;格里芬豆属的脉序高度特化,有别于紫荆亚族的所有类群;羊蹄甲属是叶脉序式样最多样化的类群．在羊蹄甲属中,羊蹄甲亚属和显托亚属的脉序式样非常多样化．Ｅｌａｙｕｎａ亚属的两个组和Ｂａｒｋｌｙａ亚属的脉序式样非常相似．Ｂａｒｋｌｙａ亚属的仅有种了香叶羊蹄甲的脉序仅以其叶全缘区别于Ｅｌａｙｕｎａ亚属．脉序性状支持把Ｃａｎｓｅｎｉａ系、白花羊蹄甲系、羊蹄甲系、绿花羊蹄甲亚组、总状花羊蹄甲亚组、Ｅｌａｙｕｎａ亚属、伞房系、Ｃｈｌｏｒｏｘａｎｔｈａｅ系、棒花系、掌叶组和萼管组等作为自然类群的观点．在本族植物的脉序类型中,一级脉及缘、全缘叶、发育完好的脉岛等性状常相关出现;另一方面,一级脉不及缘,具二小叶或叶深裂,脉岛发育不完善及盲脉多分枝等性状常相关出现．如同形态和花粉性状,脉序性状能为紫荆族的分类提供另一方面的佐