跳蝽──善跳的半翅目昆虫

跳蝽科Saldidae隶属于半翅目Heteroptera细蝽型（Leptopodomorpha）,目前已知共有26属277种,估计该科在全世界可有300多种。作者曾报道过中国的跳蝽2亚科9属34种（1987）[1,2],现已增至2亚科11属41种。跳蝽为世界性分布,大部分种类分布于全北界。目前已较系统地进行过区系调查的包括欧洲、独联体、中国、北美和中美。南美、非洲、南亚、西亚及大洋洲等地区的跳蝽种类只见零星的报道。跳蝽个体小,一般体长3～8mm,黑色或黑褐色,翅上具浅色斑纹,两个复眼大而突出。不同的属一般外貌上差异不大,因此在分类鉴定上有一定的困难。翅多…     

中国盗猎蝽属一新记录种——红缘盗猎蝽(半翅目:猎蝽科:盗猎蝽亚科)

狭义的盗猎蝽属是猎蝽科盗猎蝽亚科中1个较大的属,已知约40个有效种,主要分布于古北区、东洋区和非洲区,中国已知6种.我们在对新疆半翅目多样性的研究过程中,发现了广布于古北区的红缘盗猎蝽Peirates hybridus(Scopoli,1763).本文重新描述了这一中国新记录种;该种体中型,体表大部分区域黑色,革片、侧...     

伊朗猎蝽科四新记录种(半翅目:猎蝽科)

记述伊朗猎蝽科Reduviidae真猎蝽亚科Harpactorinae昆虫4新记录种:争土猎蝽Coronus contrarius Reuter,1881、环瑞猎蝽Rhynocons annulatus(Linnaeus,1758)、红胸瑞猎蛴Rhynocoris rubrogularis (Horvfith,1880)及沙地枯猎蝽Vachiria deserta(Becker,1867).     

四种蝽科昆虫酯酶同工酶的比较研究（半翅目∶蝽科）

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳研究分析了半翅目Ｈｅｍｉｐｔｅｒａ蝽科Ｐｅｎｔａｔｏｍｉｄａｅ４种蝽象、赤条昃雌雄不同个体的酯酶同工酶。结果表明,４种蝽象酯酶同工酶酶谱有明显差异,每个种都有自己的特征谱型;赤条蝽不同个体酶谱差异较小,性别差异大于个体差异,但都小于种间差异。     

中国狄猎蝽族一新属──杨猎蝽属（半翅目：猎蝽科）

中国狄猎蝽族一新属──杨猎蝽属（半翅目：猎蝽科）彩万志（北京农业大学昆虫学系,北京市海淀区１０００９４）狄猎蝽族是真猎蝽亚科的１个小族;连同本文中的新属,目前该族共知１０属,均分布于东洋区;Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ（１９５４）曾对此族进行过比较详细的厘订。这里所...     

瓦氏阿猎蝽--中国和越南的新记录属与种(半翅目:猎蝽科)

瓦氏阿猎蝽Agyrius watanabeorum为日本半翅目学者石川忠2002年根据采自泰国北部的标本所命名,其描记较为详细,配有正模的整体黑白照片和部分特征图,但对该种的阳茎结构没有提及。在研究中国和越南的猎蝽时,我们发现了该种。本文中我们重新描述了瓦氏阿猎蝽,绘制了较详细的整体图和局部特征图。阿猎蝽属Agyrius Stal,1863为中国和越南的新记录属,瓦氏阿猎蝽Agyrius watanabeorum Ishikawa,2002为中国和越南的新记录种;其在中国和越南的分布也是该属种最北的分布记录。     

内蒙古长蝽科昆虫新种新记录记述(半翅目:长蝽科)

作者在研究内蒙古长蝽科标本时,发现长蝽科2个新种：阿拉善叶缘长蝽Emblethis alashanensissp.nov.,巴氏直缘长蝽Ortholomus batui sp.nov.,1个中国新记录属：弯齿长蝽属Raglius Stal,1872,3个中国新记录种：弯齿长蝽Raglius aboacuminatus(Goeze),蒙毛角长蝽Hyalocoris mongolicus Kerzhner,东方林长蝽Drymus orientalis Kerzhner。模式标本保存于内蒙古师范大学昆虫研究所标本馆。     

基于GC-MS的异翅亚目臭腺分泌物化学分类学分析

【目的】探讨异翅亚目(Heteroptera)昆虫不同类群间臭腺分泌物化学组分的差异,为该类昆虫寻找新的分类特征并为各类群间的相互关系提供新的证据。【方法】我们采用固相微萃取(solid phase microextraction, SPME)偶联气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)对采自中国的异翅亚目8个总科32个种的臭腺分泌物进行了测定分析;采用典型判别分析法、非参数多元方差分析法、典型变量分析法进行了高级阶元分泌物的化学分类学分析。【结果】典型判别分析结果表明,异翅亚目,尤其是蝽次目中不同总科间的臭腺分泌物具显著差异性,可作为总科间的分类特征;非参数多元方差分析结果支持臭腺分泌物在总科间的显著差异性;结合典型判别分析结果和典型变量分析的结果找到划分异翅亚目8个总科32个种的主要特征性化合物有6类共30种,包括酸类［己酸(hexanoic acid)、丁酸(butanoic acid)、2-己烯酸(2-hexenoic acid)］,醇类｛2-丁基-1-辛醇(2-butyl-octan-1-ol)、2-己基-1-辛醇(2-hexyl-octan-1-ol)、2-己炔-1-醇(2-hexyn-1-ol)、3,7-二甲基-2-辛烯-1-醇(3,7-dimethyl-2-octen-1-ol)、4,8-二甲基-1-壬醇(4,8-dimethyl-1-nonanol)、2-癸烯-1-醇(2-decen-1-ol)、1-己醇(1-hexanol)、高蒎醇(cis-pinene hydrate)、2-茨醇(borneol)、冰片(2-bornanol)、丙二醇甲醚(1-methoxy-propan-2-ol)、2-乙基1-己醇(2-ethyl-hexan-1-ol)、(6Z, 9Z)-十五烷-1-醇［(6Z, 9Z)-pentadecadien-1-ol］、(E)-9-十六碳烯-1-醇［(E)-9-hexadecen-1-ol］、(S)-3-乙基-4-甲基-1-戊醇［(S)-3-ethyl-4-methyl-pentan-1-ol］、异葑醇(isofenchol)、斯巴醇(spathulenol)｝,醛类｛(E)-2-辛烯醛［(E)-2-octenal］、十二醛(dodecanal)、(Z)-3-己烯醛［(Z)-3-hexenal］、(E)-2-癸烯醛［(E)-2-decenal］、(E, E)-2,4-癸二烯醛［(E, E)-2,4-decadienal］｝,烷类［2-甲基己烷(2-methyl-hexane)、2,21-二甲基二十二烷(2,21-dimethyl-docosane)］,环类［糠醛(furfural)］和萜类［二氢香芹醇(neodihydrocarveol)、二氢松油醇(dihydroterpineol)］。【结论】本研究从异翅亚目8个总科32个物种臭腺分泌物中鉴定的30种特征性化合物在一定程度上可作为异翅亚目总科级阶元的分类特征并为其相互关系提供依据。     

基于GC-MS的异翅亚目臭腺分泌物化学分类学分析

【目的】探讨异翅亚目(Heteroptera)昆虫不同类群间臭腺分泌物化学组分的差异,为该类昆虫寻找新的分类特征并为各类群间的相互关系提供新的证据。【方法】我们采用固相微萃取(solid phase microextraction, SPME)偶联气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)对采自中国的异翅亚目8个总科32个种的臭腺分泌物进行了测定分析;采用典型判别分析法、非参数多元方差分析法、典型变量分析法进行了高级阶元分泌物的化学分类学分析。【结果】典型判别分析结果表明,异翅亚目,尤其是蝽次目中不同总科间的臭腺分泌物具显著差异性,可作为总科间的分类特征;非参数多元方差分析结果支持臭腺分泌物在总科间的显著差异性;结合典型判别分析结果和典型变量分析的结果找到划分异翅亚目8个总科32个种的主要特征性化合物有6类共30种,包括酸类［己酸(hexanoic acid)、丁酸(butanoic acid)、2-己烯酸(2-hexenoic acid)］,醇类｛2-丁基-1-辛醇(2-butyl-octan-1-ol)、2-己基-1-辛醇(2-hexyl-octan-1-ol)、2-己炔-1-醇(2-hexyn-1-ol)、3,7-二甲基-2-辛烯-1-醇(3,7-dimethyl-2-octen-1-ol)、4,8-二甲基-1-壬醇(4,8-dimethyl-1-nonanol)、2-癸烯-1-醇(2-decen-1-ol)、1-己醇(1-hexanol)、高蒎醇(cis-pinene hydrate)、2-茨醇(borneol)、冰片(2-bornanol)、丙二醇甲醚(1-methoxy-propan-2-ol)、2-乙基1-己醇(2-ethyl-hexan-1-ol)、(6Z, 9Z)-十五烷-1-醇［(6Z, 9Z)-pentadecadien-1-ol］、(E)-9-十六碳烯-1-醇［(E)-9-hexadecen-1-ol］、(S)-3-乙基-4-甲基-1-戊醇［(S)-3-ethyl-4-methyl-pentan-1-ol］、异葑醇(isofenchol)、斯巴醇(spathulenol)｝,醛类｛(E)-2-辛烯醛［(E)-2-octenal］、十二醛(dodecanal)、(Z)-3-己烯醛［(Z)-3-hexenal］、(E)-2-癸烯醛［(E)-2-decenal］、(E, E)-2,4-癸二烯醛［(E, E)-2,4-decadienal］｝,烷类［2-甲基己烷(2-methyl-hexane)、2,21-二甲基二十二烷(2,21-dimethyl-docosane)］,环类［糠醛(furfural)］和萜类［二氢香芹醇(neodihydrocarveol)、二氢松油醇(dihydroterpineol)］。【结论】本研究从异翅亚目8个总科32个物种臭腺分泌物中鉴定的30种特征性化合物在一定程度上可作为异翅亚目总科级阶元的分类特征并为其相互关系提供依据。     

Triatominae species of Suriname (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) and their role as vectors of Chagas disease

Nine species of Triatominae, representing three tribes and five genera, are currentlyknown in Suriname. An annotated list of the species based on the collections of theBureau of Public Health (Suriname), the National Zoological Collection Suriname andthe National History Museum Leiden (the Netherlands) is provided. Additionally, theresults of several years of opportunistic collection in two domestic environments arepresented. The most common species are Rhodnius pictipes Stål,1972, Rhodnius robustus Larrouse, 1972 and Panstrongylusgeniculatus (Latreille, 1811). The significance of the species as vectorsof Chagas disease in Suriname is discussed.     

The accessory gland and metathoracic scent gland function in Oncopeltus fasciatus

The paper provides further clues as to the physiological function and biological significance of the ‘accessory gland’ in the metathoracic scent apparatus of the lygaeid Oncopeltus fasciatus. From various lines of evidence (gas chromatographic, cytochemical) it is concluded as probable that the accessory gland secretes small quantities of a mucopolysaccharide secretory product together with water. The difficulty of reconciling these data with other data indicating that the accessory gland is involved in the biosynthesis of the scent aldehydes is discussed. It is suggested that the water secreted into the median scent reservoir by the accessory gland provides O. fasciatus with a means of volumetric compensation for a diminished output of scent repellent.     

Disruption of sexual communication in the mirid bug Lygocoris pabulinus by hexyl butanoate

1 The metathoracic scent gland in Lygocoris pabulinus contains mostly hexyl butanoate. As secretions of this gland in Heteroptera may serve as an alarm pheromone, we determined whether hexyl butanoate is released by disturbed bugs, and whether this compound disrupts sexual attraction of L. pabulinus males towards females. 2 Undisturbed males and females, and disturbed males released less than 100 ng/h hexyl butanoate, whereas disturbed females released a highly variable amount, ranging from 25 ng/h to more than 1 μg/h. 3 In the field, traps with virgin females and rubber septa containing 20 mg hexyl butanoate, caught a total of one male in a month. In control traps without hexyl butanoate, 36 males were caught in the same period. 4 In Y‐track olfactometer tests, males were not attracted to virgin females when a dispenser with 20 mg hexyl butanoate was placed in the bottle with females. Males were attracted to females when the dispenser was placed downwind from the females, but upwind from the point of male release. 5 These results suggest that males are not repelled by hexyl butanoate, but that this compound inhibits sex pheromone release in females. Application possibilities for pest management are discussed.     

Morphology and chemical composition of metathoracic scent glands in Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

One of the general defining characters of the Heteroptera is the presence of metathoracic scent glands (MTG). Using scanning electron microscopy, the morphology of the MTG of Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus 1758) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) was studied. The MTG belong to the diastomian type. The two glandular pores located between the mesothoracic and metathoracic coxae are associated with 'mushroom-like' structures. The MTG are composed of a reservoir and a pair of lateral glands is connected to the reservoir by a duct. A groove-like structure extends downwards from the ostiole. While this structure is long and wide, its ostiole is oval. Extracts of the volatile fractions from male and female MTG secretions were analysed by capillary gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and exhibited a typical pentatomid composition. Seventeen chemical compounds were detected in female secretions, whereas 13 chemical compounds were detected in the male secretions. Most chemical compounds were similar between the sexes but were different in their quantities. In this regard, the compounds identified were investigated and the biological functions of the glandular secretions were discussed. In the analyses of the MTG of females of D. baccarum , tridecane (50.97%) was a major odour component and (Z,Z)-4,16-octadecadien-1-ol acetate (0.02%) was a minor odour component. In males, tridecane (50.80%) was a major odour component and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (0.02%) was a minor odour component.     

A new record of amphisexual care in an insect with exclusive paternal care: Rhynocoris tristis (Heteroptera: Reduviidae)

We describe the first record of amphisexual care in an insect with uniparental male care. Male Rhynocoris tristis are noted for aggressively guarding multiple egg masses. When a male is unable or unwilling to guard eggs, a female that has previously contributed eggs returns to the egg mass and defends it until the eggs hatch. We compared the frequency and intensity of parental aggression in both sexes and found no difference in either form of guarding behavior. Evidence of amphisexual care in R. tristis provides an opportunity to quantify the cost of care in both sexes within a single species.An erratum to this article can be found at