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1.
广西涠洲岛鸟类自然保护区的两栖爬行动物   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2008年5~6月对广西涠洲岛鸟类自然保护区的两栖爬行动物进行调查,共记录到两栖类7种,爬行类16种,隶属于3目11科.与18年前的调查结果对比,生境的变化使岛上两栖爬行动物的分布范围和多度发生一些改变.2008年初的冰冻灾害使涠洲岛的两栖爬行类损失较大.涠洲岛与邻近大陆的两栖爬行动物物种相似,无特有种.  相似文献   

2.
四川唐家河自然保护区鸟类资源   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
唐家河自然保护区的鸟类已知有204种,分隶于13目40科,占四川省鸟类615种的33%.古北种87种占种数的43%、东洋种90种占种数的44%、广布种27种占种数的13%.特产种27种占全国特产鸟类98种的28%、占四川省特产鸟类59种的46%.国家一级保护鸟类有4种、二级保护有26种,四川省重点保护鸟类有2种,我国和日本国候鸟协定保护的鸟类有22种.区内鸟类生物多样性十分丰富,是候鸟迁徙的重要途经地和停歇地,有候鸟81种,占种数的40%,在鸟类组成中占有比较重要的地位.  相似文献   

3.
雷州半岛红树林湿地鸟类多样性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从2000年5月-2003年11月,调查了雷州半岛红树林湿地鸟类.共记录鸟类133种,水鸟和迁徙鸟分别占总记录鸟类数量的81.7%和70.4%.分别有9种、2种、16种和12种鸟被列为中国红皮书保护种、IUCN保护种、CITES保护种和中国国家Ⅱ级保护种;还有63种被列为中日候鸟协定保护种、32种被列为中澳候鸟协定保护种.不同调查地点,鸟类的种类和数量相差较大,高桥鸟类最丰富,记录到83种鸟;五里鸟类种类最少,仅记录到40种鸟,各地鸟类种的相似性很低.环颈鸻(Charadrius alexandrinus)、白腰杓鹬(Numenius arquata)和红嘴鸥(Larus ridibundus)在雷州半岛的种群数量达到国际重要湿地的标准.雷州半岛鸟类种的丰度和多度季节变化明显,冬季种类多、数量丰富,夏季种类少、数量贫乏.冬季和夏季总的鸟类数量(P=0.043)和水鸟数量(P=0.001)差异明显.保护整个沿海红树林湿地是保护雷州半岛红树林湿地鸟类多样性的关键.  相似文献   

4.
四川唐家河自然保护区鸟类资源   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
唐家河自然保护区的鸟类已知有204种,分隶于13目40科,占四川省鸟类615种的33%。古北种87种占种数的43%、东洋种90种占种数的44%、广布种27种占种数的13%。特产种27种占全国特产鸟类98种的28%、占四川省特产鸟类59种的46%。国家一级保护鸟类有4种、二级保护有26种,四川省重点保护鸟类有2种,我国和日本国候鸟协定保护的鸟类有22种。区内鸟类生物多样性十分丰富,是候鸟迁徙的重要途径地和停歇地,有候鸟81种,占种数的40%,在鸟类组成中占有比较重要的地位。  相似文献   

5.
浙江天童国家森林公园鸟类区系和群落特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2006~2009年对浙江天童国家森林公园地区的7个样点、6条样线的3种生境鸟类资源状况进行调查。共发现鸟类16目45科142种,其中东洋界75种、古北界59种、广布型8种;留鸟59种、旅鸟30种、冬候鸟30种、夏候鸟23种。国家Ⅱ级保护鸟类23种,中日候鸟保护协议鸟种49种,中澳候鸟保护协议鸟种9种,CITES附录Ⅰ物种1种,CITES附录Ⅱ物种23种。于2009年1月23日发现浙江新纪录1种——日本歌鸲(Erithacus akahige)。调查地区鸟类区系上偏重于东洋界,居留型上以留鸟为主;生境丰富,无绝对优势种,森林和农田鸟类多样性及均匀度均较湿地生境高。  相似文献   

6.
河北大学博物馆生物部鸟类标本的统计分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
河北大学博物馆现有鸟类标本257种,其中在中国分布的鸟类有250种,隶属于19目59科160属;属国家重点保护的鸟类共58种;被列入<中国濒危动物红皮书的鸟类有35种;被列入中日候鸟协定的鸟类89种;被列入中澳候鸟协定的鸟类24种.属于<国家保护的有益的或者有重要经济、科学研究价值的陆生野生动物名录的鸟类166种.同时介绍了馆藏鸟类标本的主要来源.  相似文献   

7.
涠洲岛42年来海面温度变化及其对珊瑚礁的影响   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
涠洲岛位于南海珊瑚礁分布的北缘温度是影响其珊瑚礁生态系统发育的重要因素,对器测温度分析发现,近42年来涠洲岛海面温度(SST)与全球气候变暖呈准同步变化趋势,存在3~4年与7~8年的变化周期,20世纪80年代后期以来,涠洲岛SST上升比较明显。其月平均最高SST的持续上升将使本区珊瑚生长处于一种非常敏感的边缘,加上人类活动(建筑取材、炼油、旅游、捕鱼、养殖等)对涠洲岛珊瑚礁的潜在不利影响,则可能导致珊瑚礁的退化。此外,在系统的野外调查基础上,描述了涠洲岛现代珊瑚礁的分布范围。  相似文献   

8.
云南省玉龙雪山自然保护区鸟类资源调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2007年9~11月和2008年4~5月,对云南省丽江玉龙雪山自然保护区的鸟类资源进行了调查,共记录鸟类184种,结合中国科学院昆明动物研究所鸟类标本室收藏的该地区标本和文献记录的种类,保护区内共记录鸟类330种(另13亚种),隶属47科(另4亚科),18目,占云南省所录鸟类种数848种的38.92%,全国鸟类种数1329种的24.83%.其中国家一级保护物种1种,二级保护物种29种.黑眉长尾山雀Aegithalos iouschistos和大嘴乌鸦Corvus macrorhynchos为保护区内的优势种类.保护区记录的鸟类有留鸟230种和亚种,占所录鸟类种和亚种数的67.05%.区系成分以东洋界物种为主,有182种,占繁殖鸟类总种数的66.42%.亚区级区系分析表明保护区的鸟类以西南山地亚区的种类为主.结合该区鸟类生境分布的特点,提出云南松高山松林、针阔混交林和寒温性暗针叶林的保护是保护工作的重点.  相似文献   

9.
北京紫竹院公园鸟类群落多样性分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
2004年9月~2005年6月在北京紫竹院公园进行鸟类群落调查.共记录到鸟类52种,隶属于11目26科.其中夏候鸟17种,冬候鸟4种,旅鸟28种,留鸟13种.鸟类的种类和数量随季节变化有明显差异.春、秋季鸟类种类丰富,秋季达到最高;冬季鸟类数量达到最高.优势种有灰椋鸟Sturnus cineraceus、麻雀Passer montanus、喜鹊Pica pica、厌喜鹊Cyanopica cyana、绿头鸭Anas platyrhynchos、鸳鸯Aix galericulata等.鸟类群落多样性指数和均匀度指数变化趋势类似,春、秋季高,冬季低,而优势度指数的变化是冬季最高,春、秋季低.鸟类多样性增加主要是由于春、秋季的候鸟迁徙.保证一定的公园面积、增加空间异质性、合理配置资源,有利于保护鸟类的多样性.  相似文献   

10.
河南省董寨国家级自然保护区地处北亚热带向暖温带过渡区域,是众多鸟类停歇与栖息的重要场所。为全面了解保护区内繁殖鸟类的基本情况,20022008年董寨自然保护区工作人员采用样线法对保护区内鸟类资源状况开展调查,共记录到繁殖鸟类156种,隶属于16目49科;其中留鸟82种,占区内繁殖鸟类总数的52.56%,候鸟74种,占总数的47.44%;国家Ⅰ级保护鸟类1种,国家Ⅱ级保护鸟类24种,有35种鸟类列入中日、中澳候鸟保护协定的鸟类名录。区系组成包括:古北界种类38种,占鸟种总数的24.36%,东洋界种类74种,占47.44%,广布种44种,占28.20%。多样性分析显示,保护区繁殖鸟的Shannon-Wiener指数H'为3.2602、Pielou指数J为0.6472。在对保护区鸟类现状调查的基础上,提出广泛宣传鸟类保护知识,全面开展繁殖鸟类基础研究并加强自然保护区建设与管理的保护对策。  相似文献   

11.
摘要:于2006年5月及2010年的1月、5月和9~ 10月,采用样线法和定点观察法,结合雾网法对邦亮自然保护区鸟类资源进行了调查。共记录到鸟类223种,隶属于14目49科,其中留鸟146种、夏候鸟40种、冬候鸟34种、旅鸟3种。区系分析表明,保护区鸟类具有典型的华南区区系特点和显著的北热带特征。保护区有国家Ⅱ级重点保...  相似文献   

12.
四川老君山自然保护区不同生境鸟类多样性研究   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
2006年4~5月采用"点样带法"(point transects)对四川老君山自然保护区的鸟类物种组成和种群数量进行了调查,共记录到85种鸟类,分属7目22科。其中,国家级保护鸟类5种,我国特有种13种,优势种4种。把调查区域划分为3种生境:原始林、次生林和人工林,并对各生境鸟类群落的鸟类数量级、鸟类群落的物种多样性、鸟类群落间的相似性进行了比较分析,其结果表明:1)国家级保护鸟类在原始林中最多,次生林中最少;我国特有种则是次生林中最多,人工林中最少。2)鸟类群落Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数原始林最高,人工林最低。3)原始林和次生林之间的B ray-Curtis相似性指数最高,原始林和人工林之间相似性指数最低。  相似文献   

13.
David Jenkins 《Bird Study》2013,60(4):407-414
Capsule Marked changes were observed in the spring phenology of birds and were more apparent in residents and short‐distance migrants than in trans‐Mediterranean migrants.

Aims To examine changes in first songs and arrivals of birds in northeast Scotland.

Methods First song or first observations of 38 species were recorded between 1974 and 2010. Trends through time, and relationships with regional variation in temperature, were both examined.

Results There was a strong tendency for first song/first arrival dates to advance, with the average change being an advance of 25 days over the 37 years of study (or 0.7 days per year). Change was greater in the dates of first song of resident species than in the first detection of short‐distance and trans‐Mediterranean migrants. Relationships with temperature were apparent, but were significant for fewer than half of the species.

Conclusion Bird species vary greatly in their phenological response to climate warming. The recent decade of sustained higher spring temperatures has enabled greater detection of change in long‐term time series, and milder winters (except 2009/10) have also increased the incidence of wintering in short‐distance migrants.  相似文献   

14.
2010年1月~2011年1月,采取样线法,共选取18条样线对庐山鸟类的多样性进行调查,共记录鸟类94种,隶属14目36科。其中留鸟60种,夏候鸟15种,冬候鸟16种,旅鸟3种。对不同季节的鸟类群落特征进行比较分析,从Shannon-Wiener指数看出,秋季多样性最高,为3.49;夏季次之,为3.44;冬季为3.40;春季为3.17。比较均匀性指数发现,秋季的均匀度最高,为0.51;冬季次之,为0.49,与前者仅有0.02的差距,可见二者丰富度差距很小;春季为0.41;夏季最低,仅有0.37,比较各季度的差距发现,最高的季度和最低的季度之间的差距为0.14。说明庐山鸟类的均匀度相差不大,庐山的鸟类群落均匀性在时间上无明显波动,相对稳定。  相似文献   

15.
The richness and diversity of avian species inhabiting Turaif province of Saudi Arabia were surveyed for a period of one-year (2014–2015) using walked belt transects in different habitats of the studied area. Bird species were observed and recorded by sightings or vocal calls. A total of thirty-three bird species belonging to fifteen families were observed across all the surveys in the Turaif area. During a breeding season, species abundance was higher as compared to non-breeding season. Out of 33, eighteen species were passage migrants and fifteen species were noted as breeding residents. Family Muscicapidae which showed the highest proportion (24.24%) was represented by 8 bird species followed by family Alaudidae and family Falconidae represented by 4 species each. According to this survey relatively a fair quantity of bird species still exists in the Turaif region. This area is of significant interest in terms of conservation of birds due to higher densities of endemic, breeding or resident avian species.  相似文献   

16.
This paper outlines population trends (with confidence intervals) for 49 species in woodland habitats in Britain as monitored by the British Trust for Ornithology's (BTO) Common Bird Census (CBC) between 1967 and 1999. Additionally, the possible causes of these population trends are investigated by relating the ecological characteristics of species to the degree of population change they have undergone over different time periods. Over the whole period, 17 species showed significant decreases in abundance and 12 species showed significant increases. Whilst population trajectories were diverse, long-distance migrants showed more negative trends than other species and the timing of the changes in their populations was related to their wintering latitude, suggesting that these species may be suffering from environmental changes in the non-breeding season. There was also support for habitat specializations being related to population changes, with species classified as scrub and understorey specialists declining on average, but this was only evident across the entire study period. Additionally, species eating seeds in summer declined and those eating vegetation and making use of the agricultural landscape matrix increased. Therefore wide-scale factors such as landscape-scale processes or processes operating outside of Britain appear to be important in addition to local habitat change, especially for long-distance migrants.  相似文献   

17.
环志是研究鸟类迁徙最简单有效的科学方法。中国从1982年开始建立全国鸟类环志中心以来,在林业部的领导下至1990年先后建立了候鸟环志站、点60处,共计环志了候鸟186种62755只,同期回收到国内外环志鸟413只。回收环志鸟提供了东亚地区候鸟迁徙的宝贵信息,证实了:1.候鸟迁徙可自喜马拉雅山脉飞越;2.中国候鸟迁徙路线和推论是正确的;3.中国东北繁殖的白枕鹤飞往日本九洲南部越冬,丹顶鹤等迁往东部沿海、长江中下游几处湿地越冬,与来自俄罗斯西伯利亚的部分鹤在相同地区越冬;4.某些鸟种迁徙路线在与日本同种候鸟迁徙路线比较后,表明在西太平洋地区,通过中国和日本存在着两条平行的自南向北迁徙的路线。其他信息也指出了更多的情况,同时也表明中国环志研究在西太平洋迁徙候鸟研究中处于关键性的地位。  相似文献   

18.
东洞庭湖湿地鸟类群落结构及其多样性   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
2004年5月—2007年2月对东洞庭湖湿地鸟类资源进行了调查,共记录鸟类297种,隶属17目52科150属,其中古北界鸟类144种(另新北界鸟类2种),东洋界鸟类92种,广布种鸟类59种。冬候鸟或旅鸟166种,留鸟81种,夏候鸟50种。该湿地有国家I级重点保护鸟类7种、II级重点保护鸟类40种,国际湿地公约名录中的鸟类34种。东洞庭湖水禽资源尤为丰富,其种类和数量具明显季节性变化,全年水鸟种类和数量均是冬季较多,夏季较少。东洞庭湖生境多样化程度较高,退田还湖后湖面扩大、食源充足,鸟类的多样性指数(4.40)较高,远高于省内陆地环境和国内的湿地;但均匀性指数(0.54)均较其低,这与湿地环境及东洞庭湖湿地鸟类受到人类因素的干扰有关。  相似文献   

19.
Seasonal altitudinal migration to lower altitudes including the coast has been ascribed to a number of forest birds, of which 14 species occur at Fort Fordyce Reserve in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Based on our observations and ringing at this site (2007–2017), as well as concurrent data from the South African Bird Atlas Project (SABAP2), we suggest that in this region only three species, the African Dusky Flycatcher Muscicapa adusta, White-starred Robin Pogonocichla stellata and Barratt's Warbler Bradypterus barratti, are regular altitudinal migrants. For two other species, the Grey Cuckooshrike Coracina caesia and Yellow-throated Woodland Warbler Phylloscopus ruficapilla, local movements apparently occur, but these may take place within the coastal zone rather than between the coast and inland forests.  相似文献   

20.
Aim To determine how species richness, abundance, biomass, energy use and mean number of individuals per species scale with environmental energy availability in wintering and breeding avian assemblages, and to contrast assemblages of (i) common and rare species and (ii) breeding residents and migrants. To assess whether such patterns are compatible with the ‘more individuals hypothesis’ (MIH) that high‐energy areas are species‐rich because they support larger populations that are buffered against extinction. Location The North American continent (latitudinal range 23.4 °?48.1 °N; longitudinal range 124.2°?68.7° W). Methods Avian species richness, abundance, biomass and energy use were calculated for 295 Resident Bird Count plots. Environmental energy availability was measured using ambient temperature and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a close correlate of plant productivity. Analyses took plot area into account, and were conducted (with and without taking habitat type into account) using general linear models and spatial mixed models. Results Positive species–energy relationships were exhibited by both wintering and breeding assemblages, but were stronger in the former. The structure of winter assemblages responded more strongly to temperature than NDVI, while breeding assemblages tended to respond more strongly to NDVI. Breeding residents responded to annual measures of energy availability while breeding migrants and the winter assemblage responded more strongly to seasonal measures. In the winter assemblage, rare and common species exhibited species–energy relationships of a similar strength, but common breeding species exhibited a much stronger relationship than rare breeding species. In both breeding and wintering assemblages, abundance, biomass and energy use increased with energy availability and species richness. Energy availability was a poor predictor of the mean number of individuals per species. Main conclusions The nature of the species–energy relationship varies seasonally and with the manner in which energy availability is measured. Our data suggest that residents are less able to respond to seasonal fluxes in resource availability than long‐distance migrants. Increasing species richness and energy availability is associated with increasing numbers of individuals, biomass and energy use. While these observations are compatible with the MIH our data provide only equivocal support for this hypothesis, as the rarest species do not exhibit the strongest species–energy relationships.  相似文献   

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