广东省森林生态旅游与可持续发展

论述了森林生态旅游与森林生态旅游资源的内涵, 分析了广东省森林生态旅游的必要性、区位优势和资源优势, 提出了广东省森林生态旅游的原则与可持续发展措施。     

世界生态旅游区划

生态旅游区划是揭示全球尺度生态旅游资源与生态旅游业空间布局的重要手段,有助于从整体上把握世界生态旅游的发展。本文在探讨生态旅游区划定义与理论依据的基础上,提出生态旅游区划的理论基础是地域分异规律与生态学原理,并根据全局谋划、综合分析、主导因索、与行政区协调、兼顾自然区划等原则。将世界生态旅游地域系统划分为6个生态旅游洲、29个生态旅游大区、71个生态旅游区以及若干生态旅游地。文章还对各洲的生态旅游特点进行了阐述。     

略论广东沿海生态旅游资源的开发与规划

本文分析了广东沿海生态旅游资源开发的条件(资源条件、区位交通、经济基础、客源市场),及其开发现状和存在的问题,以生态学和可持续发展的观点,对广东沿海生态旅游的进一步开发提出了几点建议,以促进广东沿海旅游的可持续发展:优先发展自然保护区的生态旅游;整体规划广东沿海的生态旅游资源,树立沿海大旅游的观念;开发多样化的生态旅游产品;运用多种手段提高广东沿海的生态旅游管理水平。     

四川白水河国家级大熊猫自然保护区生态旅游发展战略研究

通过对白水河国家级自然保护区生态旅游资源的参与式调查与评估,确定了白水河生态旅游的可行的优先区域,比选出本区生态旅游资源特色,提出了白水河生态旅游“以大熊猫栖息地探秘、观鸟、生态教育与体验为核心的生态旅游目的地”的主题定位,以及“飞来的大熊猫原生栖息地”等形象定位,以及生态旅游活动布局,价格策略、营销策略、管理策略等战略。     

圭山国家森林公园开展生态旅游发展优势及其对策

石林县开展生态旅游已经取得了显著成绩,圭山国家森林公园作为云南石林喀斯特重要的生态旅游胜地,对于石林喀斯特旅游圈生态旅游具有重要的战略意义。本文分析云南圭山国家森林公园生态旅游开发的条件和优势,以及目前生态旅游资源开发中存在的问题,提出其生态旅游可持续发展的对策和建议,促进石林喀斯特生态旅游业可持续发展。     

从利益相关者角度剖析国内外生态旅游实践的变形

尽管很多学者和组织机构对生态旅游的内涵作出过阐述,但生态旅游的实践却相差甚大。尤其在中国,由于“99生态旅游年”的影响,在自然环境中进行的所有旅游活动形式几乎都打上了生态旅游的标签。针对现实中伪生态旅游的泛滥,有必要对那些不规范的生态旅游提出专业的要求。生态旅游真正实现的关键在于其所涉及的不同利益群体之间的关系中,主要包括当地政府、当地居民、旅游经营者和生态旅游者。从利益相关者角度对生态旅游实践中存在或潜在的各种问题进行了剖析,探索那些伪生态旅游所存在问题的根源。     

四川唐家河国家级自然保护区生态旅游发展战略研究

本文根据对唐家河国家级自然保护区及其周边社区的实地调查和走访,筛选出极高遇见率的森林食草类和雉类以及面积最大、集中成片的野生紫荆花林（Cercis chinensis Bge.）等两大生态旅游资源特色,分析了生态旅游利益相关者的需求,提出了生态保护优先、环境教育、游客容量动态控制、引导和培育生态旅游目标市场、促进经济社会科学和可持续发展等唐家河自然保护区发展生态旅游的五个原则和“牛羚山岗、紫荆花谷、自然殿堂、休闲胜地-牛羚（Budorcus taxicolor）等珍稀野生动植物生态旅游目的地”的生态旅游主题定位,以及分区管理和利用、生态旅游产品价格和营销、游客环境教育、游客影响监测、游客数量动态控制、生态旅游管理和经营等战略。     

国内外生态旅游研究的问题及进展

从生态旅游的概念和内涵入手,介绍了国内外生态旅游研究的主要问题和进展,包括自然区保护、区域经济发展、政府组织和非政府组织的作用、主办社区、旅游业和游客等6个方面。针对国内生态旅游研究中存在问题,从方法、广度、深度和层次4个角度,提出国内生态旅游研究的具体思路和方向。     

区域农业生态旅游发展模式研究

农业生态旅游是一种新型农业生产经营形式 ,也是一种新型旅游活动项目 ,是在发展农业生产的基础上有机地附加了生态旅游观光功能的交叉性产业 ,是当今旅游新需求的必然产物。本文在分析陕西农业生态旅游现状及存在问题的基础上 ,从旅游者需求心理、市场需求等方面分析研究了陕西省农业生态旅游巨大的市场潜力 ,并提出了相应的发展对策及可持续发展模式。对区域农业生态旅游发展具有重要的促进作用和参考价值     

四川喇叭河景区生态旅游发展与对策研究

以四川天全县喇叭河旅游景区为研究案例,通过对资料统计整理和问卷调查分析,研究了2004~2006年景区生态旅游经济、旅游客体结构、生态旅游动机与意识等方面的发展变化趋势,并针对存在的突出问题,提出了喇叭河生态旅游可持续发展的有效对策。     

Scurvy in capybaras bred in captivity in Argentine

In order to determine if the absence of vitamin C in the diet of capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) causes scurvy, a group of seven young individuals were fed food pellets without ascorbic acid, while another group of eight individuals received the same food with 1 g of ascorbic acid per animal per day. Animals in the first group developed signs of scurvy-like gingivitis, breaking of the incisors and death of one animal. Clinical signs appeared between 25 and 104 days from the beginning of the trial in all individuals. Growth rates of individuals deprived of vitamin C was considerably less than those observed in the control group. Deficiency of ascorbic acid had a severe effect on reproduction of another population of captive capybaras. We found that the decrease in ascorbic acid content in the diet affected pregnancy, especially during the first stages. The results obtained suggest that it is necessary to supply a suitable quantity of vitamin C in the diet of this species in captivity.     

Changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity in chicken tissues in hyperthyreosis in ontogenesis

The lactate dehydrogenase activity in reactions of lactate oxidation and synthesis was studied in subfractions of the chicken brain, heart and liver at the embryonal, early postembryonal and adult stages of development after thyroxine administration. It has been shown that during embryogenesis thyroxine predominantly enhanced the rate of lactate oxidation in the mitochondrial tissues. A marked increase in the lactate synthesis was found in cytoplasm of the adult chicken tissues. Specificity of enzyme activity alterations was detected in the chicken brain during ontogenesis after thyroxine administration.     

Role for dopamine in malonate-induced damage in vivo in striatum and in vitro in mesencephalic cultures

Defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the reactive metabolites generated from the metabolism and oxidation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) are thought to contribute to the damage to neurons of the basal ganglia. We have previously demonstrated that infusions of the metabolic inhibitor malonate into the striata of mice or rats produce degeneration of DA nerve terminals. In the present studies, we demonstrate that an intrastriatal infusion of malonate induces a substantial increase in DA efflux in awake, behaving mice as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with tetrabenazine (TBZ) or the TBZ analogue Ro 4-1284 (Ro-4), compounds that reversibly inhibit the vesicular storage of DA, attenuates the malonate-induced DA efflux as well as the damage to DA nerve terminals. Consistent with these findings, the damage to both DA and GABA neurons in mesencephalic cultures by malonate exposure was attenuated by pretreatment with TBZ or Ro-4. Treatment with these compounds did not affect the formation of free radicals or the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation resulting from malonate exposure alone. Our data suggest that DA plays an important role in the neurotoxicity produced by malonate. These findings provide direct evidence that inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase causes an increase in extracellular DA levels and indicate that bioenergetic defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic neurodegenerative diseases through a mechanism involving DA.     

我国葫芦科植物离体培养研究进展

葫芦科植物包括多种瓜类蔬菜,对其进行离体培养研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。综述了国内在葫芦科植物器官培养、体细胞胚胎发生、花药培养、原生质体培养和体细胞杂交及离体遗传转化等方面取得的研究进展,并对葫芦科植物离体培养、遗传转化与育种的前景作了展望。