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1.
目的:建立测定三种不同结构聚乙二醇化重组人生长激素(PEG-rhGH)平均修饰度的三硝基苯磺酸法(TNBS)。方法:采用基质辅助激光解吸附飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF)测定PEG-rhGH的分子量,求得理论平均修饰度。既而通过正交试验、游离PEG干扰等方法学考察,建立TNBS法。结果:从质谱法可知PEG-rhGH的理论修饰度为10%,TNBS法测得三种PEG-rhGH的修饰度分别为为10%、12%及10%,与理论值相符。结论:TNBS操作简单,不需要专门的仪器,可作为测定PEG-rhGH平均修饰度的方法。  相似文献   

2.
目的:建立测定PEG化天花粉蛋白修饰度的方法.方法:利用电泳法初步确定PEG-TCS的分子量、用质谱法进行验证;通过TNBS法和荧光胺法测定其修饰度.结果:从质谱法和电泳法可知PEG-TCS的理论修饰度为9.0909%,TNBS法测得的修饰度为9.8613%%,荧光胺法所测得值为8.5955%.TNBS法测定结果尽管偏大,但是操作简单,不需要专门的仪器;荧光胺法需要荧光分光光度计,且丙酮易挥发.结论:TNBS法可作为测定PEG-TCS修饰度的方法.  相似文献   

3.
目的:建立3种不同品种百合鲜品HPLC指纹图谱,并同时测定其中5种成分。利用聚类(CLA)、主成分分析(PCA)等方法考察不同来源百合质量,为其质量控制评价提供参考。方法:HPLC梯度洗脱法建立了20批百合鲜品的指纹图谱,通过中药指纹图谱相似度评价软件进行相似度评价,采用聚类、主成分分析等进行分析。并同时测定5种成分的含量。结果:标定15个色谱共有峰,20批药材共有峰相似度为0.930~0.997;通过聚类分析分为2类;PCA筛出累积方差贡献率达86.70%的2个主成分;偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)结果表明不同来源百合药材存在明显差异,对样品有显著影响的色谱峰分别为3号、6号(王百合苷C)和10号。三种分析方法所得结果基本一致。结论:所建立的HPLC指纹图谱和多指标成分定量方法可行,可为系统评价不同品种百合提供一些参考。  相似文献   

4.
测定已二酰肼含量及溴化氰残余量。应用TNBS法测定已二酰肼含量,应用吡啶联苯胺法测定溴化氰残余量,同时对检测方法的精密度、重复性进行试验和分析。已二酰肼残余量测定平均相对标准差为2.2%,重复性精密度小于0.01μg。溴化氰残余量测定平均相对标准差为6%,重复性精密度小于0.71 ng。TNBS法和吡啶联苯胺法分别是检测己二酰肼含量和溴化氰残余量较为理想的方法。  相似文献   

5.
目的:建立一种高效液相色谱法同时测定酱腌菜中苯甲酸、山梨酸、脱氢乙酸、糖精钠和安赛蜜的分析方法。方法:样品经超声提取,沉淀蛋白,高速离心后,过0.22 μm微孔滤膜,上机测定。流动相为甲醇和20 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液,等度洗脱,经ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱分离,于230 nm波长下紫外检测器检测。结果:5种添加剂在15 min内能很好的分离,浓度在1.00~150 mg/L范围内线性很好(R2>99.99%);平均加标回收率为83.0%~99.9%,精密度为0.06%~5.47%;方法的检出限(S/N=3)和定量限(S/N=10)分别为0.221~1.15 mg/kg、0.736~3.82 mg/kg;方法间比对数据结果呈现高度一致性。结论:该方法简单易操作,准确可靠,能够满足酱腌菜中常用防腐剂和甜味剂的检验需要。  相似文献   

6.
本文报道一个经过改进的测定玉米种子中赖氨酸的方法。改进的方法是经济、准确和快速的,已经用来测定大量玉米谷物中的有效赖氨酸。从在水冷式研磨机中磨成粉的样品中抽提得到的蛋白质足以代表总体蛋白质。样品中蛋白质多于15%时,氢氧化钠-乙醇抽提液体积需加倍。玉米样品含油15-30%时,用20毫升丙酮抽提脂肪,含油量少于15%时,用15毫升丙酮抽提。对改进的2,4,6,-三硝基苯-1-磺酸(TNBS)法二段取样的变化是很小的。氨基酸分析仪和TNBS法测定90个opaque-2样品的赖氨酸值之间的相关系数是高的(γ=0.806)。TNBS法的差变系数是6.5%,微生物学法(MBA)是12.6%,这表明MBA法比TNBS法在测定时差异大。  相似文献   

7.
张加雄  胡轶娟  朱军 《生物磁学》2011,(24):4965-4967
目的:建立高效液相色谱法同时测定鸡矢藤中熊果酸和齐墩果酸的含量。方法:色谱柱为DiamonsilTM C18(250×4.6 mm,5滋m),流动相为甲醇-0.05mol.L-1磷酸溶液(93∶7)为流动相,检测波长210 nm,进样量10滋L。结果:熊果酸在21.28滋g.mL-1~212.8滋g.mL-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9997),平均回收率为97.79%(RSD=1.30%);齐墩果酸在24.02滋g.mL-1~240.2滋g.mL-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9996),平均回收率为98.36%(RSD=1.11%)。结论:该方法简便、灵敏、准确,可用于鸡矢藤药材的质量评价。  相似文献   

8.
大肠埃希菌连续分离株氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的了解临床分离的大肠埃希菌耐药性及氨基糖苷类修饰酶(AMEs)基因的存在状况。方法测定临床分离的60株大肠埃希菌对19种抗菌药物的敏感性,采用PCR技术检测氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因。结果60株大肠埃希菌呈现多重耐药,氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6′)-Ⅰb、aac(6′)-Ⅱ、ant(3′′)-Ⅰ、ant(2′′)-Ⅰ的阳性率分别为36.7%、18.3%、0%、10%、1.6%。携带1种或1种以上基因的菌株有33株(55%)。结论临床分离的大肠埃希菌多重耐药严重,氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因携带率较高。  相似文献   

9.
聚乙二醇-20000对阿糖胞苷脂质体载药性能的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:探讨聚乙二醇-20000对阿糖胞苷脂质体载药性能的影响。方法:用蛋黄卵磷脂为包封材料,采用逆相蒸发法制备阿糖胞苷脂质体,用不同质量浓度的聚乙二醇包覆进行表面修饰,与未包覆的脂质体进行对照,通过测定其包封率、平均粒径、粒度分布及药物的渗漏速率,对聚乙二醇.20000修饰的阿糖胞苷脂质体的载药性能进行评价。结果:聚乙二醇-20000修饰的阿糖胞苷脂质体具有较高的包封率、较大的平均粒径和较低的渗漏速率。p(PEG)=2.0g/L时,包封率最高为(22.34±2.47)%,平均粒径最大为5.99μm。p(PEG)=4.0g/L时,渗漏速率最慢。结论:聚乙二醇-20000的修饰提高了阿糖胞苷脂质体的载药性能。  相似文献   

10.
HPLC法测定葛花中鸢尾苷的含量   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:测定8个产地葛花中鸢尾苷的含量,建立葛花中鸢尾苷含量测定的HPLC方法。方法:采用GRACEC18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-水梯度洗脱,流速为0.8mL/min,紫外检测波长为265nm;柱温为室温。结果:鸢尾苷的峰面积(Y)与浓度(X)在11.8~236.4μg/mL范围内具有良好线性关系,Y=34920X-1156.5,r=0.9995(n=7);平均加样回收率为103.66%,RSD〈2%(n=9);测得8批不同产地的葛花药材中鸢尾苷含量在37.00~113.1mg/g。结论:建立了高效液相色谱法测定葛花中鸢尾苷含量的方法,该法准确、可靠,可用于葛花中主要成分鸢尾苷的含量测定;不同产地葛花中均检测到鸢尾苷,但其含量有一定区别。  相似文献   

11.
目的:通过单次灌肠和皮肤致敏联合灌肠,构建2,4,6-三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)诱导的炎症性肠病小鼠模型,探讨最佳造模方法,并分析影响模型构建的因素。方法:55只SPF雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为7组,包括对照组、不同剂量TNBS(100、150、175、200、225mg/kg)单次灌肠组及皮肤致敏联合灌肠组。于造模后5d处死各组小鼠,观察结肠大体形态并评分;取病变处进行石蜡包埋切g-,HE染色,并进行病理组织学评分。结果:100、150mg/kgTNBS单次灌肠组动物未见明显的溃疡形成;其余剂量组动物均有不同程度的溃疡形成,成模率与剂量成正比,其中225mg]kg剂量组动物成模率为100%,但病变较重、病变不均-且偶有小鼠眼睛失明的副作用出现。皮肤致敏联合灌肠组动物均有溃疡形成,成模率100%,病变适中且未发现小鼠眼睛失明的副作用。结论:175-225mg/kgTNBS单次灌肠及皮肤致敏联合TNBS灌肠均可制备小鼠炎症性肠病模型,但皮肤致敏联合TNBS灌肠制备的炎症性肠病模型成模率高,病变适中,模型稳定,适合用作科学研究模型。  相似文献   

12.
Rat testicular NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase was inactivated by treatment with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonate (TNBS) or with 2',3'-dialdehyde derivatives of 5'-ATP and NADP+. The inactivation rates were dependent on reaction time and followed pseudo-first order kinetics. The rate of inactivation of cytochrome c reducing activity by TNBS was faster than that of reducing activities for K3Fe(CN)6 and for dichlorophenol indophenol (DCPIP). Cytochrome c and DCPIP prevented NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase from inactivation by TNBS, but NADP(H) protected to a lesser extent. Stoichiometry indicated that two residues of amino acid modified with TNBS were essential for the enzyme activity. The 2',3'-dialdehyde derivatives of 5'-ATP and NADP+ were specific ligands for the modification of lysine residues, whereas TNBS would possibly modify residues of lysine and/or cysteine. By differential and sequential modification by 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), TNBS and dithiothreitol, the residues of lysine and cysteine were identified in the active site of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase. These results suggest that lysyl and cysteinyl residues are located at or near the active region of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase from the rat testicular microsomal fraction.  相似文献   

13.
The major aims of this study were to determine the degree of phospholipid asymmetry and the neighbor analysis of phospholipids in different types of cell membranes. For this study a penetrating probe (FDNB), a non-penetrating probe (TNBS) and a cross-linking probe (DFDNB) were used. The reaction of hemoglobin, membrane protein and membrane PE and PS of erythrocytes with DFNB and TNBS was studied over a concentration range of 0.5 to 10 mM probe. TNBS reacts to an extremely small extend with hemoglobin over the concentration range 0.4 to 4 mM whereas FDNB reacts with hemoglobin to a very large extent (50 fold more than TNBS). The reaction of membrane protein of intact erythrocytes reaches a sharp plateau at 1 mM TNBS whereas the reaction of membrane protein goes to a much larger extent with FDNB with no plateau seen up to 4 mM FDNB. This data shows that TNBS does not significantly penetrate into the cell under our conditions whereas FDNB does penetrate into the cell. The results show that there are four fold more reactive sites on proteins localized on the inner surface of the erythrocyte membrane as compared to the outer surface. TNBS at 0.5 to 2 mM concentration does not label membrane PS and labels membrane PE to a small extent. The reaction of PE with TNBS shows an initial plateau at 2 mM probe and a second slightly higher plateau between 4 to 10 mM probe. TNBS from 0.5-2.0 mM does not react with PS, but between 3 to 10 mM concentration, a very small amount of PS reacts with TNBS. Hence above 2 mM TNBS or FDNB a perturbation occurs in the membrane such that more PE and PS are exposed and react with these probes. These results demonstrate that essentially no PS is localized on the outer surface of the membrane and only 5% of the total membrane PE is localized on the outer surface of the erythrocyte membrane. TNBS and FDNB were reacted with yeast, E. coli, and Acholeplasma cells. With yeast cells, FDNB reacts to a much larger extent with PE than does TNBS, indicating that FDNB penetrates into the cell and labels more PE molecules. With E. coli, but not with erythrocytes or yeast cells, phospholipase A activity was very pronounced at pH 8.5 giving rise to a large amount of DNP-GPE from DNP-PE. A phosphodiesterase was also present which hydrolyized DNP-GPE to DNP-ethanolamine. The multilayered structure of the E. coli cell envelop did not permit a definitive interpretation of the results. It is clear, however, that TNBS and FDNB react to a different extent with PE in this cell. The Acholeplasma membrane had no detectable PE or PS but contains amino acid esters of phosphatidylglycerol. The reaction of these components with TNBS and FDNB indicate that these aminoacyl-PG are localized on both surfaces of the membrane, with 31% being on the outer surface and 69% on the inner surface...  相似文献   

14.
目的:建立并优化用于检测神经生长因子(NGF)生物学活性的TF-1细胞增殖法,并应用于重组人NGF和鼠NGF制品的活性检测。方法:将梯度稀释的人NGF国际参考品与TF-1细胞相作用,通过MTT法测定细胞增殖情况,建立测定NGF活性的TF-1细胞增殖法;从粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(CM-CSF)残留、NGF加样稀释率、TF-1细胞接种浓度、培养时间等多个环节对实验条件进行优化;将建立的TF-1细胞增殖法应用于重组人NGF和鼠NGF的活性检测。结果:建立了用于NGF活性检测的TF-1细胞增殖法;实验条件优化结果表明,在无GM-CSF残留的情况下,将稀释至1/4的NGF样品与4×10^5/mL的细胞相互作用,培养48h,可以得到更为典型的的四参数曲线;利用条件优化后建立的检测方法对重组入NGF和鼠NGF各2批样品分别进行4次测定,结果平均值分别为10.01×10^5、10.81×10^5和3.55×10^5、3.30×10^5U/mg,变异系数分别为7.5%、7.2%和7.2%、9.1%,检测结果稳定均一,表明检测方法具有很好的重复性。结论:建立并优化了用于NGF活性检测的TF-1细胞增殖法,该方法操作简便、定量准确、重复性好、稳定可靠,可有效应用于人NGF和鼠NGF制品的活性检测。  相似文献   

15.
Effect of chemical modification of horseradish peroxidase lysine epsilon-amino groups by propionic, butyric, valeric, succinic anhydrides and trinitrobenzolsulfonic acid (TNBS) on catalytic properties of the enzyme is investigated. All the preparations of modified peroxidase have 100% peroxidase activity for o-dianizidine at pH 7.0, which indicates the absence of lysine epsilon-amino group in the enzyme active site. pH-dependencies of modified peroxidase relative activity are studied; modification by anhydrides of monobasic acids is not found to result in changes of the relative activity pH-profile, while modification by succinic anhydride widens it. Absorption and circular dichoism spectra of native and modified peroxidase within 260--270 nm are obtained, some changes in the enzyme tertiary structure after its epsilon-amino groups modification are observed. Modification of four epsilon-amino groups by buturic and succinic anhydrides and of three epsilon-amino groups by TNBS is found to increase the regidity of protein surrounding of heme, and modification of six epsilon-amino groups by TNBS results in more unwrapped enzyme structure as compared with its native molecule.  相似文献   

16.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) was applied to study quantitatively protein modification with succinimidyl succinate-activated monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (MPEG-SS). The heterogeneous distribution of modified proteins and the average modification degree were determined by CE, and the latter met with the results from 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) spectrometric assay. It was found that the optimal buffer pH for the modification was between pH 7.4 and 8.4, and the modification degree decreased when the modified sample was preserved in high pH solutions. The protein fractions attached with different number of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) were monitored along the process of protein modification. CE was proved to be efficient to evaluate quantitatively several factors of the protein modification, including the modifier/protein molar ratio, the stability of conjugates in different pH environments, and the time course of modification process.  相似文献   

17.
Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) has been adsorbed on octyl-agarose or covalently immobilized on cyanogen bromide agarose. Then, both biocatalysts have been modified with ethylenediamine (EDA) or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS) just using one reactive or using several modifications in a sequential way (the most complex preparation was CALB–TNBS–EDA–TNBS). Covalently immobilized enzyme decreased the activity by 40–60% after chemical modifications, while the adsorbed enzyme improved the activity on p-nitrophenylbutyrate (pNPB) by EDA modification (even by a 2-fold factor). These biocatalysts were further characterized. The results showed that the effects of the chemical modification on the enzyme features were strongly dependent on the immobilization protocol utilized, the experimental conditions where the catalyst will be utilized, and the substrate. Significant changes in the activity/pH profile were observed after the chemical modifications. The effect of the modifications on the enzyme activity depends on the substrate and the reaction conditions: enzyme specificity is strongly altered by the chemical modification. Moreover, enzyme activity versus pNPB (using octyl-CALB–EDA) or versus R methyl mandelate (using octyl-CALB–TNBS) increased by almost a 2-fold factor at pH 5. The stability of the modified enzymes at different pH and in the presence of organic solvents generally decreased after the modifications, usually by no more than a 2-fold factor. However, under some conditions, some stabilization was found. CALB enantioselectivity in the hydrolysis of R/S methyl mandelate could be also improved by these chemical modifications (e.g., E-value went from 11 to 16 using octyl-CALB–TNBS at pH 5). Therefore, solid phase chemical modification of immobilized lipases may become a powerful tool in the design of lipase libraries with very different properties, each immobilized preparation may be used to produce a variety of forms with altered properties.  相似文献   

18.
Myosins purified from cardiac (porcine heart) and smooth (chicken gizzard) muscles were modified with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonate (TNBS) and the effects on the kinetic properties of myosin ATPase [EC 3.6.1.3] were studied. The following results were obtained. 1. About 0.5 mol of TNBS per mol of myosin head was incorporated rapidly, irrespective of the presence of PP1 (2mM), into both types of myosin studied. 2. The size of the initial burst of P1 liberation for both myosins was found to be 0.5--0.6 mol/mol head. 3. The rapid incorporation of TNBS into cardiac muscle myosin was accompanied by a rapid decrease in the size of the initial P1 burst, and it was completely lost after modification for 20 min. However, smooth muscle myosin retained its P1 burst. 4. The EDTA (K+)-ATPase activity of both myosins modified in the presence or absence of PP1 decreased sharply with incorporation of TNBS. 5. Superprecipitation and ATPase activity of reconstituted actomyosin from cardiac myosin and skeletal F-actin decreased only after 10 min of modification with TNBS in the absence of PP1. 6. The spectra of TNP bound to myosins from cardiac and smooth muscles were unchanged by the addition of PP1. The above findings are compared with those previously obtained for skeletal muscle myosin [Miyanishi, T., Inoue, A., & Tonomura, Y. (1979) J. Biochem. 85, 747--753], and the structural and functional differences among the myosins derived from skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles are discussed.  相似文献   

19.
Summary Trinitrobenzenesulfonate (TNBS), fluorodinitrobenzene (FDNB) and suberimidate have been reacted with intact human erythrocytes. TNBS does not penetrate the cell membrane significantly at 23 °C in bicarbonate-NaCl buffer, pH 8.6, as estimated by the labeling of the N-terminal valine of hemoglobin. Hence, under these conditions it can be used as a vectorial probe. However, at 37 °C, especially in phosphate buffer, at pH 8.6, TNBS does penetrate the cell membrane. FDNB and suberimidate both penetrate the erythrocyte membrane. The time course reaction of TNBS with intact erythrocytes over a 24-hr period at 23 °C is complex and shows transition zones for both membrane phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and membrane proteins. No significant cell lysis occurs up to 10 hr. The fraction of total PE or phosphatidylserine (PS) which reacts with TNBS by this time period can be considered to be located on the outer surface of the cell membrane. Under these conditions it can be shown that 10 to 20% of the total PE and no PS is located on the outer surface of the membrane and hence these amino phospholipids are asymmetrically arranged. The pH gradient between the inside and outside of the cell in our system is 0.4 pH units. Nigericin has no effect on the extent of labeling of PE or PS by TNBS. Isotonic sucrose gives a slight enhancement of the labeling of PE by TNBS. Hence, the inability of PE and PS to react with the TNBS is considered not due to the inside of the cell having a lower pH. The extent of reaction of TNBS with PE is not influenced by changing the osmolarity of the medium or by treatment of cells with pronase, trypsin, phospholipase A or phospholipase D. However, bovine serum albumin (BSA) does protect some of the PE molecules from reacting with TNBS.Cells treated with suberimidate were suspended in either isotonic NaCl or in distilled water. In both cases the suberimidate-treated cells became refractory to hypotonic lysis. Pretreatment of cells with TNBS did not prevent them from interacting with suberimidate and becoming refractory to lysis. However, pretreatment of cells with the penetrating probe FDNB abolished the suberimidate, effect. Electron-microscopic analysis of the cells showed a continuous membrane in the case of cells suspended in isotonic saline. The cells suspended in water did not lyse but their membranes had many large holes, sufficient to let the hemoglobin leak out. Since the hemoglobin did not leak out we know that the hemoglobin is cross-linked into a large supramolecular aggregate.  相似文献   

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