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1.
目的:研究不同垂直骨面型错合畸形患者颈椎姿势的特点及差异,为正畸矫治错合畸形获得较好的临床效果及颅面、颈部生长发育的研究提供一定的参考依据。方法:采用计算机辅助X线头影测量技术,对226例不同垂直骨面型的儿童、成人在自然头位时拍摄的头颅定位侧位片进行测量研究,分别比较儿童以及成人不同垂直骨面型间颈椎姿势的差异。结果:儿童:CVT-OPT、SN-CP、SN-OPT及SN-CVT在低、均、高角各组间的差别均无统计学意义。成人:CVT-OPT在低角组与高角组间、均角组与高角组间的差别有统计学意义,高角组低于低角组和均角组,在低角组与均角组间的差别无统计学意义;SN-CP在低、均、高角各组间的差别有统计学意义,低角组<均角组<高角组;SN-OPT及SN-CVT在低角组与高角组间的差别有统计学意义,低角组<高角组,在低角组与均角组间、均角组与高角组间的差别无统计学意义。结论:不同垂直骨面型错合畸形患者的颈椎姿势在儿童无显著差异,在成人差异显著。  相似文献   

2.
目的:比较骨性Ⅱ类不同垂直骨面型成人上气道鼻咽、腭咽、舌咽大小的差异,并探讨其与颅面部骨骼形态的关系.方法:将64名(男34例,女30例)成人骨性Ⅱ类错患者按GoGn-SN角大小分为高角、均角、低角三组.分别行颅面部锥体束计算机断层扫描(CBCT),对各段的矢状径、横径、长度、截面积以及容积等指标进行测量分析,比较三组间的差异.同时,对上气道各测量项目与颅颌面结构指标进行相关性分析.结果:在上气道各线性测量项目中,鼻咽和腭咽长度(Ln、Lp)随着垂直骨面型增大而逐渐减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).高角组舌咽段的高度(Hg)与均角、低角组存在差异,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),均角组和低角组间并无统计学差异(P>0.05).上气道各段宽度在不同垂直骨面型之间均无统计学差异.不同垂直骨面型上气道总体积(Vt)无明显差异.高角组舌咽段体积(Vg)及鼻咽段横截面积(CSAn)与均角、低角组存在差异,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),均角组和低角组间并无统计学差异(P>0.05).而其余测量项目在各垂直骨面型间均未发现统计学差异.由相关性分析可知,舌咽和腭咽的体积与横截面积与上下颌骨垂直向不调指数(ODI)正相关,而腭咽体积和横截面积与下颌平面角负相关.结论:随着垂直骨面型增大上气道结构存在着差异,且主要影响腭咽段和舌咽段,对鼻咽段影响较小.  相似文献   

3.
目的:研究成人骨性II类不同垂直骨面型上气道与舌骨形态及位置的差异。方法:随机选择60名成人骨性II类患者,男女比例1:1,依据GoGn-SN角分为三组(高角组、均角组及低角组),在自然头位下拍摄CBCT,运用MIMICS软件对上呼吸道及舌骨进行三维建模并测量21项相关指标,分析不同垂直骨面型之间上气道各段之间及舌骨形态、位置的差异。结果:不同垂直骨面型之间鄂咽上界平面矢状径长度(PNSL)存在显著性差异(P0.05),上气道各段高度(UTH、ETH)及宽度(PNSW、UTW、ETW)之间比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。高角组上气道鄂咽下界及舌咽下界矢状径长度(UTL、ETL)与均角和低角组均存在显著差异(P0.01),随着垂直骨面型增大,呈现高角均角低角的趋势。高角组上气道鄂咽及舌咽体积明显小于均角和低角,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。舌骨形态及位置在不同垂直骨面型之间无差异(P0.05)。结论:不同垂直向生长方式对上气道产生影响较大,而对舌骨的生长发育无影响。  相似文献   

4.
目的:乳牙列错合畸形因为对恒牙列影响显著,近年来越来越多受到学者的关注.而近年来国内外与此相关的文献报道不多且数据老旧.本研究通过流行病学调查了解陕西西安市学龄前儿童乳牙列错合畸形发病情况.方法:由经培训的儿童口腔科专科医师评估受检儿童错合畸形发病情况同时明确口颌系统不良习惯同乳牙列儿童错合畸形发病率间的相关关系.卡方检验用于数据的进一步统计学分析.结果:2235名学龄前乳牙列儿童纳入调查样本,样本人群66.31%表现有一种或多种错合畸形.进一步统计学分析结果提示,吐舌、口呼吸、下颌前伸及吮指等不良习惯同错合畸形的发病呈正相关.结论:西安地区学龄前乳牙列儿童错合畸形的发病率较高.须给予早期关注并采取相关措施以降低其发病情况,同时制定相应的口腔公共健康政策以对疾病开展针对性预防干预措施从而达到早发现,早治疗的目的.  相似文献   

5.
目的:对比一期后路半椎体切除短节段植骨融合内固定术与一期前路半椎体切除短节段植骨融合内固定术治疗先天性半椎体畸形的疗效。方法:抽取兰州军区兰州总医院骨科中心脊柱外科46例住院手术治疗先天性半椎体畸形的患者,随机化分为2组,每组23例,分别行一期后路半椎体切除短节段植骨融合内固定术和一期前路半椎体切除短节段植骨融合内固定术,观察比较两纽的手术时间、出血量、术后住院时间、术前和术后6个月侧凸cobb角、后凸cobb角及矫正率。结果:两组间的手术时间、出血量、术后住院时间、术后6个月后凸cobb角及后凸矫正率对比差异有统计学意义。结论:一期后路半椎体切除短节段植骨融合内固定术在后凸畸形矫正方面优于一期前路半椎体切除短节段植骨融合内固定术,且其手术创伤较小、术后恢复较快。  相似文献   

6.
目的:通过锥形束CT对脊柱侧弯患者下颌骨三维重建模型进行测量,分析下颌骨对称性,为进一步揭示脊柱侧弯与错牙合畸形的相互关系提供参考依据。方法:对73例脊柱侧弯患者(其中特发性38例,先天性35例)及40例身体姿势无异常志愿者拍摄锥形束CT并经三维重建后,对下颌骨左右侧结构进行测量分析,对比不对称指数。结果:(1)先天性脊柱侧弯患者脊柱畸形及身体姿势失平衡程度较特发性脊柱侧弯患者严重。(2)脊柱侧弯患者下颌骨体长度、下颌升支长度、下颌骨总长度不对称指数均较对照组无明显差异(P0.05)。(3)脊柱侧弯组中下颌角点成角不对称指数均较对照组高(P0.05),先天性脊柱侧弯组髁突顶点成角也明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:脊柱侧弯患者下颌骨结构偏斜,提示脊柱形态及身体姿势对下颌骨发育可能存在一定影响。  相似文献   

7.
目的:观察双阻板矫治器基础上使用钕铁硼永磁体矫治AngleⅢ类错[牙合]的效果。方法:15例替牙及恒牙早期AngleⅢ类错[牙合]畸形患者,男6例,女9例。年龄9-13岁,平均11.25岁。在双阻板矫治器的上下阻板安放第三代高磁能积稀土永磁体钕铁硼,矫治过程中磁块间距的增加说明疗效,间距加1mm以上考虑加力。治疗前后头颅侧位片及常规头影方法进行分析。结果:与矫治前相比,矫治后ANB角,Ao—Bo距,NA—PA角均增大,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。SNB角减小,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。结论:磁力双阻板矫治器克服了传统矫形装置的缺点,从而能获得持续的矫形力,磁力调整易于控制,便于临床开展。  相似文献   

8.
钕铁硼永磁体与双阻板矫治器矫治Angle Ⅲ类错(牙合)   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:观察双阻板矫治器基础上使用钕铁硼永磁体矫治AngleⅢ类错牙合的效果.方法:15例替牙及恒牙早期AngleⅢ类错牙合畸形患者,男6例,女9例.年龄9-13岁,平均11-25岁.在双阻板矫治器的上下阻板安放第三代高磁能积稀土永磁体钕铁硼,矫治过程中磁块间距的增加说明疗效,间距加1mm以上考虑加力.治疗前后头颅侧位片及常规头影方法进行分析.结果:与矫治前相比,矫治后ANB角,Ao-Bo距,NA-PA角均增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).SNB角减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:磁力双阻板矫治器克服了传统矫形装置的缺点,从而能获得持续的矫形力,磁力调整易于控制,便于临床开展.  相似文献   

9.
目的:探讨口腔正畸微螺钉种植体支抗(Microscrew implant anchor,MIA)技术对青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者对龈沟液基质金属蛋白酶(Matrix metalloproteinase,MMP)-2表达水平的影响。方法:2016年1月1日至2019年12月31日选择在本院诊治的青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者86例,根据治疗方法把患者分为MIA组与对照组,各43例,对照组给予头帽口外弓支抗技术结合直丝弓矫治器治疗,MIA组给予MIA技术结合直丝弓矫治器治疗,检测龈沟液MMP-2表达水平变化情况。结果:MIA组正畸后6个月的总有效率为97.7%,显著高于对照组的81.4%(P<0.05)。两组正畸后6个月的SNA角、OB与OJ值低于正畸前,MIA组低于对照组(P<0.05),两组正畸前后SNB角在组内与组间对比差异都无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组正畸后6个月的龈沟液MMP-2值低于正畸前,MIA组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:口腔正畸MIA技术在青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者的应用能抑制龈沟液MMP-2的表达,有利于改善患者的头颅与牙齿的X线指标,从而促进提高治疗效果。  相似文献   

10.
目的:探讨单纯颈椎后路复位CPSS内固定治疗下颈椎骨折脱位伴关节突绞锁的临床效果。方法:选择2010年1月~2014年10月在我院接受治疗的下颈椎骨折脱位伴关节突绞锁患者95例,根据手术方法不同分为研究组与对照组。研究组采用单纯颈椎后路复位CPSS内固定治疗,而对照组采用单纯颈椎前路复位CPSS内固定治疗。观察并比较两组患者的手术效果及神经功能分级(ASIA)。结果:两组术前ASIA分级B、C、D的患者治疗后神经功能恢复较佳,A级患者治疗后仍为A级,但较术前明显改善。两组患者治疗前的ASAI等级在治疗后均有改善,研究组改善程度更明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组均未出现断钉或螺钉松动等并发症(P0.05);两组患者治疗后椎间隙显著增宽,且后路组优于前路组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与术前比较,两组术后颈椎后凸畸形Cobb角均明显改善(P0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:单纯颈椎后路复位CPSS内固定治疗下颈椎骨折脱位伴关节突绞锁的临床效果显著,患者神经功能得到明显改善,且术后并发症少,值得推广应用。  相似文献   

11.
12.
The length of the spinal column as a percentage of stature is smaller in the Australian aboriginal than in most other ethnic groups (Abbie, 1957). It is conceivable that relative lengths of the cervical column might influence population differences in craniocervical posture and craniofacial morphology. The present study aimed to elucidate this relationship by comparing head posture and craniofacial morphology in Australian aboriginals to the same features in a previously studied sample of 120 Danish students (Solow and Tallgren, 1976). The aboriginal sample consisted of 42 young male adults from the Yuendumu settlement, Northern Territory, Australia. Cephalometric films of the natural head position were taken during a field trip to the settlement. The comparison comprised 18 postural and 61 morphological variables. In the aboriginals, the cervical column was shorter and had a less pronounced lordosis. The head was held about 3° lower, and the upper cervical column was 81/2° more forward inclined. As a consequence, the craniocervical angle was about 6° larger. Comparison of the craniofacial morphology in the two groups showed in the aboriginals a shorter upper facial height, a larger anterior lower facial height, and a larger vertical jaw relationship (NL/ML). The length of the posterior cranial base, s-ba, was 4 mm shorter (P <0.001) in the aboriginals, possibly developmentally related to the generally shorter spinal column in Australian aboriginals.  相似文献   

13.
The first aim of this investigation was to quantify the distribution of trapezius muscle activity with different scapular postures while seated. The second aim of this investigation was to examine the association between changes in cervical and scapular posture when attempting to recruit different subdivisions of the trapezius muscle. Cervical posture, scapular posture, and trapezius muscle activity were recorded from 20 healthy participants during three directed shoulder postures. Planar angles formed by reflective markers placed on the acromion process, C7, and tragus were used to quantify cervical and scapular posture. Distribution of trapezius muscle activity was recorded using two high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) electrodes positioned over the upper, middle, and lower trapezius. Results validated the assumption that directed scapular postures preferentially activate different subdivisions of the trapezius muscle. In particular, scapular depression was associated with a more inferior location of trapezius muscle activity (r = 0.53). Scapular elevation was coupled with scapular abduction (r = 0.52). Scapular adduction was coupled with cervical extension (r = 0.35); all other changes in cervical posture were independent of changes in scapular posture. This investigation provides empirical support for reductions in static loading of the upper trapezius and improvements in neck posture through verbal cueing of scapular posture.  相似文献   

14.
The associations between craniofacial morphology and the posture of the head and the cervical column were examined in a sample of 120 Danish male students aged 22–30 years. Two head positions were recorded on lateral cephalometric radiographs, one determined by the subject's own feeling of a natural head balance (self balance position), and the other by the subject looking straight into a mirror (mirror position). Craniofacial morphology was described by 42 linear and angular variables, and postural relationships by 18 angular variables. A comprehensive set of correlations was found between craniofacial morphology and head posture. The correlations were similar for both head positions investigated. Of the postural variables, the position of the head in relation to the cervical column showed the largest set of correlations with craniofacial morphology. Extension of the head in relation to the cervical column was found in connection with large anterior and small posterior facial heights, small antero-posterior craniofacial dimensions, large inclination of the mandible to the anterior cranial base and to the nasal plane, facial retrognathism, a large cranial base angle, and a small nasopharyngeal space. The possible role of functional factors in mediating the relationship between morphology and posture was discussed.  相似文献   

15.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the craniofacial morphology of elderly people with many remaining teeth using cephalometric analysis. Subjects and methods: The subjects were 30 Japanese elderly who participated in the ‘8020 campaign 2001’ in Bunkyo Ward, Tokyo, organised by The Dental Association of Tokyo, as well as 30 Japanese young adults with normal occlusion. Lateral cephalograms of all subjects were analysed using the Coben method. Results: In the female elderly group, the lower face depth was smaller than in the younger adults. In the male elderly group, the height and depth of both the total face and the lower face were longer than in the younger group. In comparing the 8020 achievers with the younger group, the proportion of the lower facial height was greater than the upper facial height, and this finding was more pronounced in women than in men. Conclusion: For the lateral facial pattern of the elderly, a reduction of lower facial height because of tooth occlusal reduction was not apparent. It was clear that there are age differences for males and females; in addition, differences in the total face and lower face area of the elderly group were due to their having many remaining teeth over a long time period. Also, these changes were more apparent in women than in men, and it is clear that there is a male–female difference in ageing.  相似文献   

16.
The vertebral column plays a key role in maintaining posture, locomotion, and transmitting loads between body components. Cervical vertebrae act as a bridge between the torso and head and play a crucial role in the maintenance of head position and the visual field. Despite its importance in positional behaviors, the functional morphology of the cervical region remains poorly understood, particularly in comparison to the thoracic and lumbar sections of the spinal column. This study tests whether morphological variation in the primate cervical vertebrae correlates with differences in postural behavior. Phylogenetic generalized least-squares analyses were performed on a taxonomically broad sample of 26 extant primate taxa to test the link between vertebral morphology and posture. Kinematic data on primate head and neck postures were used instead of behavioral categories in an effort to provide a more direct analysis of our functional hypothesis. Results provide evidence for a function-form link between cervical vertebral shape and postural behaviors. Specifically, taxa with more pronograde heads and necks and less kyphotic orbits exhibit cervical vertebrae with longer spinous processes, indicating increased mechanical advantage for deep nuchal musculature, and craniocaudally longer vertebral bodies and more coronally oriented zygapophyseal articular facets, suggesting an emphasis on curve formation and maintenance within the cervical lordosis, coupled with a greater resistance to translation and ventral displacement. These results not only document support for functional relationships in cervical vertebrae features across a wide range of primate taxa, but highlight the utility of quantitative behavioral data in functional investigations. Am J Phys Anthropol 156:531–542, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

17.
The aim of this study was to compare intersex differences in the angular relationships of the head, the cervical column, and the true vertical in natural head posture (the "postural variables") for unselected samples of southern Chinese (n = 240) and British Caucasian (n = 80) 12-year-old children in Hong Kong. For both samples the cervical spine was angulated significantly more forwardly in the females (P less than or equal to 0.001) and the head held higher relative to the spine. Cervical lordosis was also greater in the females and the cervical column of greater relative length. Our findings are in agreement with comparable data previously reported for a northern Finnish population.  相似文献   

18.
目的:研究三种类型颈椎病患者在康复阶段采用颈椎康复操后的恢复效果。方法:将211例颈椎病患者纳入本次研究,在基础性治疗同时采用颈椎康复操进行康复训练,在训练前以及训练2个月、4个月后,分别检测患者颈部肌肉电生理状况,对其疼痛进行评分。结果:三种类型颈椎病患者的肌肉动作电位峰值、电位传导速度均具有显著统计学意义(P0.05);交感神经型与神经根型患者疼痛评分差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),但混合型患者差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:颈椎康复操对不同类型颈椎病康复训练效果不同,有助于改善患者颈部肌肉运动,但在缓解疼痛方面存在差异,交感神经型、神经根型颈椎病采用颈椎康复操效果较好,但混合型颈椎病效果相对较小。  相似文献   

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