小花草玉梅化学成分研究

目的:研究银莲花属植物小花草玉梅的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶柱色谱,凝胶柱色谱,反相柱色谱并结合制备高效液相色谱等技术分离纯化单体化合物,并根据理化性质及光谱数据鉴定结构。结果:分离并鉴定了4个化合物,分别是常春藤皂苷元-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷(1)、3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-齐墩果酸皂苷元-28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷(2)、3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂苷元-28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷(3)和3-O-β-D-吡喃核糖-(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂苷元-28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷(4)。结论:化合物1为首次从银莲花属植物中分离得到,2-4为首次从小花草玉梅中分离得到。     

唐古特铁线莲化学成分研究

利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS、MPLC柱色谱等方法对唐古特铁线莲的化学成分进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。从唐古特铁线莲乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离鉴定了11个化合物,分别鉴定为木犀草素(1),Clemaphenol A(2),α-亚麻酸(3),胡萝卜苷(4),胡萝卜苷苷元(5),常春藤-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-葡萄糖(6),常春藤-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖(1→3)-α-L-鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-葡萄糖(7),Acanjaposide G(8),常春藤配基(9),芹菜素(10),灯台酸(11)。所有化合物均为首次从唐古特铁线莲中分离得到。     

黑刺菝葜中的甾体皂苷

从黑刺菝葜(Smitax scobinicaulis C.H.Wringh)根茎中再次分离得到2个新的甾体皂苷化合物,经理化、光谱分析及与标准样品对照,鉴定化合物Ⅲ为(25D)螺甾-5-烯-3β,17α,27-三羟基-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→4)-O-[α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙。化合物Ⅳ为(25D)螺甾-3β,17α,27-三羟基-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→4)-O-[α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙。     

太白米中的甾体生物碱苷

对太白米的叶、大鳞茎和小鳞茎进行了化学成分系统预试,从大鳞茎中分离得到4个甾体生物碱苷,通过对其IR、FABMS、SIMS、1^HNMR、13^CNMR、DEPT、HMQC、HMBC和1^H-1^H COSY的综合解析鉴定了其中3个结构,它们分别为茄次碱-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)、茄次碱-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→4)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)和茄次碱-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→3)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→4)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(IV)。     

牛心朴子中三个新C21甾体配糖体

从宁夏产植物牛心朴子（Cymmehumkomarovii Al．IIjinski）须根的乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了4个C21甾体配糖体：白前苷元C 3-O-β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-α-L-吡喃磁麻糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃毛地黄毒糖基-（1→4）-β—D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷（1）,白前苷元A 3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-α-D-吡喃夹竹桃糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃毛地黄毒糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷（2）,白前苷元C3-O-β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-α—D-吡喃夹竹桃糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃磁麻糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷（3）,白前苷元A3-O-β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-α—D-吡喃夹竹桃糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃磁麻糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷（4）,分别命名为komarosideI（1）,komarosideJ（2）,komarosideK（3）,komarosideL（4）,除化合物1外,其余化合物均为新化合物。     

裂果薯的化学成分研究——皂甙甲和乙

从裂果薯(Tacca plantaginea Drenth)中分离到甲、乙、丙三个甾体化合物。化物合甲和乙,经光谱解析和化学分析鉴定为两个新甾体皂甙。其中裂果薯皂甙甲(Ⅱ)为一个糖连接方式上不常见的皂甙(约茂皂甙元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→2)[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→3)][α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙);裂果薯皂甙乙(Ⅲ)(约茂皂甙元-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1—2)[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙)。丙为豆甾醇甙。     

半卧狗娃花中的黄酮类化合物

从半卧狗娃花(Heteropappus semiprost Griers)全草的乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了7个黄酮类化合物,通过波谱分析及化学方法鉴定其结构为:3′,4′,5,7-四羟基黄酮(1),3′-甲氧基槲皮素(2),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖甙(3),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(4),异鼠李亭-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(5),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(6),异鼠李亭-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(7),其中化合物1~5为首次从本属植物中分离得到。     

重楼排草的化学成分研究

从报春花科植物重楼排草（L.Paridiformis Frach）的全株中分离得到了7个化合物。应用各种理化方法及光谱分析鉴定其化学结构。分别鉴定为：希克拉敏A-3-O-｜β-D-吡喃木糖基．（1→2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→2）]｜}-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（1）、3β-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-（1→2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）]。[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→2）]-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-16α-羟基-13β,28-环氧-齐墩果烷（2）、异鼠李素-3-O-[β-D-吡喃鼠李糖基-（1→）β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷]（3）、槲皮素-3-O-[β-D-吡喃鼠李基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷]（4）、β-香树素（5）、β-香树素乙酸酯（6）、三十二烷醇（7）。其中1、2、3、4均为首次从本植物中分离得到。     

西南远志中一个新的三萜皂苷北大核心CSCD

从西南远志根中分离得到3个齐墩果酸型皂苷类化合物,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构分别为3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基presenegenin 28-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖基-(1→3)-β-D-木糖基-(1→4)-[β-D-芹糖基-(1→3)]-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-[β-D-葡萄糖基-(1→3)]-[4-O-(E/Z)-3″,4″,5″-三甲氧基肉桂酰基]-β-D-岩藻糖基酯(1)、3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基presenegenin 28-O-β-D-木糖基-(1→4)-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-[α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→3)]-[4-O-(E/Z)-对甲氧基肉桂酰基]-β-D-岩藻糖基酯(2)和3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基presenegenin 28-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖基-(1→4)-β-D-木糖基-(1→4)-[β-D-芹糖基-(1→3)]-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-[4-O-(E/Z)-对甲氧基肉桂酰基]-[α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→3)]-β-D-岩藻糖基酯(3),其中化合物1为新化合物,化合物2和3首次从该植物中分离得到。     

古蔺雪胆中的新三萜皂苷

从采自四川汉源县的古蔺雪胆(Hemsleya penxianensis var.gulinensiks)中分到9个三萜皂苷化合物,通过化学反应和光谱方法鉴定了它们的结构。其中7个为已知化合物,分别为齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-比喃葡萄糖苷(1),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基齐墩果酸苷(3),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(4),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖基—(1→3)—β—D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28—O—β—D—吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),3—O—(6′—丁酯)—β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖苷(7),3-O-(6′-丁酯)—β—D吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)。两个新化合物,即雪胆皂苷A(2)和雪胆皂苷B(9)。     

西南远志中皂苷类成分的分离与鉴定

采用乙醇回流提取,通过硅胶柱、HPD100大孔树脂、Sephadex LH-20、半制备HPLC分离方法,运用现代谱学方法从西南远志中分离并鉴定了4个齐墩果酸型皂苷类化合物,均为顺反异构体,所用实验方法并不能有效分开。他们分别是:(E/Z)-PolygalasaponinXLIV(1),3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-β-D-galactopyr-anosyl-(1→4)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-{4-O-([E/Z)-3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl}]-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester(2),(E/Z)-PolygalasaponinXXX(3)(,E/Z)-senegasaponin C(4),均为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

无柄新乌檀中的配糖体

从无柄新乌檀乙醇浸膏的正丁醇部位分离得到7个已知配糖体化合物,经波谱分析为：喹诺酸-3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基(28→1)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖酯(1),齐墩果酸-(28→1)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖酯(2),熊果酸-(28→1)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖酯(3),喹诺酸-3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基-(1→3)-6-去氧-β-葡萄吡喃糖苷(4),齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基-28-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖酯(5),番木鳖甙(6),7-甲氧基-龙胆苦甙(7)。这些化合物均为首次从该属中分离得到。     

Acylated protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides from the root of Panax ginseng

Six new protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides, named ginsenosides Ra(4) -Ra(9) (1-6, resp.), along with 14 known dammarane-type triterpene saponins, were isolated from the root of Panax ginseng, one of the most important Chinese medicinal herbs. The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, HR-MS, and chemical transformation as (20S)- 3-O-{β-D-6-O-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (1), (20S)-3-O-[β-D-6-O-acetylglucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (2), (20S)-3-O-{β-D-6-O-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (3), (20S)-3-O-{β-D-6-O-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (4), (20S)-3-O-{β-D-4-O-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (5), (20S)-3-O-{β-D-6-O-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]protopanaxadiol (6). The sugar moiety at C(3) of the aglycone of each new ginsenoside is butenoylated or acetylated.     

Triterpene saponins from Cyclamen hederifolium

Five triterpene saponins never reported before, hederifoliosides A-E, and four known triterpene saponins were isolated from the tubers of Cyclamen hederifolium. The structures of hederifoliosides A-E were determined as 3β,16α-dihydroxy-13β,28-epoxyolean-30-oic acid 3-O-{[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O]-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside}, 3β,16α-dihydroxy-13β,28-epoxyolean-30-oic acid 3-O-{[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O]-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside}, 3β,16α-dihydroxy-13β,28-epoxyolean-30-al 3-O-{[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O]-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside}, 30-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,16α,30-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-al 3-O-{[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O]-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside}, 30-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,16α,28,30-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en 3-O-{[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O]-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside}, by a combination of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques, and mass spectrometry. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against a small panel of cancer cell lines including Hela, H-446, HT-29, and U937. None of the tested compounds, in a range of concentrations between 1 and 50 μM, caused a significant reduction of the cell number.     

羽叶鬼灯檠中的单萜二糖苷

从羽叶鬼灯檠 (RodgersiapinnataFranch .)的根茎中分离得到 6个单萜二糖苷 ,它们的结构通过波谱方法分别鉴定为 :(E ) 3,7 dimethyl 1 O [α L rhamnopyranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glu copyranosyl] oct 2 en 7 ol (1) ,(E ) 3,7 dimethyl 1 O [α L arabinofuranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopy ranosyl] oct 2 en 7 ol (2 ) ,geranyl 1 O α L arabinofuranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopyranoside (3) ,gera nyl 1 O α L rhamnopyranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopyranoside (4 ) ,geranyl 1 O β D xylopyranosyl (1→6 ) β D glucopyranoside (5 ) ,geranyl 1 O α L arabinopyranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopyranoside (6 )。其中化合物 1为新化合物 ,单萜二糖苷类化合物系首次在该属中发现。     

圆果雪胆中的皂甙成分

从圆果雪胆（Ｈｅｍｓｌｅｙａ ａｍａｂｉｌｉｓ）的块茎中分离到１０个化合物,其中３个雪胆皂甙是首次从该种植物中得到,它们的结构通过光谱和化学的方法鉴定为齐墩果酸－３－Ｏ－α－吡喃阿拉伯糖（１→３）－β－葡萄糖醛酸甙,２８－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－α－吡喃阿拉伯糖（１→３）－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖醛酸,２８－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－「β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖（１→２）」－「α－吡喃阿     

黄花远志的新齐墩果烷型三萜皂甙

从云南产远志科药用植物黄花远志(PolygalaarillataBuchHamexDDon)茎皮的乙醇提取物中分离得到4个新的齐墩果烷型三萜皂甙,命名为黄花远志皂甙(arillatanoside)A～D。同时还分离得到1个已知的三萜皂甙远志甙(polygalasaponin)XXXV。它们的结构通过波谱方法推定。     

Triterpenoidal saponins of Pulsatilla koreana roots

Sixteen (1-16) triterpenoidal saponins were isolated from the roots of Pulsatilla koreana, of which four were determined as the previously unknown 23-hydroxy-3β-[(O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1), 23-hydroxy-3β-[(O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3β-[(O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), and 3β-[(O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)]-α-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (4), respectively, based on spectroscopic analysis. The inhibition of the lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production of sixteen isolated compounds was evaluated in RAW 264.7 cells at concentrations ranging from 1 μM to 100 μM.     

广东冬青中的三萜及三萜皂甙成分

从广东冬青（Ｉｌｅｘ ｋｗａｎｇｔｕｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ）的叶中分离得到四个三萜皂甙和三个三萜成分,通过光谱解析及化学方法,三个三萜成分分别鉴定为齐墩果酸（１）、熊果酸（２）和常春藤皂甙元（３）;四个三萜皂甙成分分别鉴定为齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖基－（１→３）－α－Ｌ－吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（４）、齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖基－（１→２）－α－Ｌ－吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（５）、齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－     

Triterpenoid Saponins from Pulsatilla cernua (Thunb.)Bercht. et Opiz.

To investigate saponins from the roots of Pulsatilla cernua (Thunb.) Bercht. et Opiz., two new compounds together with five known triterpenoid saponins were isolated. The structures of the two new triterpenoid saponins, named cernuasides A and B, were elucidated as 3-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)]-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)]-α-Larabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (compound 1) and 3-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)]-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)]-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (compound 2) by 1D, 2D-NMR techniques, ESIMS analysis, as well as chemical methods.