部队疗养院非现役文职护理人员的现状分析

目的:分析部队疗养院非现役文职护理人员的现状并给出相应对策。方法:采用不记名问卷形式对92名非现役文职护理人员进行调查。结果:部分非现役文职护理人员在业务能力、军事素质、身心健康等方面存在不足。结论:应采取有效措施提升非现役文职护理人员的综合素质,提高护理质量。     

军队疗养院非现役文职人员工作满意度及职业需求调查

目的:非现役文职作为军队疗养院的聘用制人员已成为医护工作的主要力量。本文通过调查军队疗养院非现役文职人员的工作满意度,分析其对自身职业的潜在需求,为提高医疗服务质量提出可行对策。方法:采用问卷调查的方式对我院聘用的100名非现役文职人员调查该群体工作满意度及对自身职业的潜在需求。结果:非现役文职人员对管理制度、工作环境、团队合作及人际关系等方面表示满意,其中最满意的是工作环境;而对工作压力、工资福利、奖惩制度、职称晋升及个人发展等方面表示不满,其中最不满意的是工资福利。非现役文职人员对优化人事编制、提高福利待遇及减轻工作负荷的需求度较高,而对职业情感、临床带教及军事知识的需求度较低。结论:军队疗养院的管理人员应完善管理机制,充分了解非现役护理队伍对职业的潜在需求,积极的为其创造良好的晋升政策和发展平台,建立绩效考核制度以提高该群体的工作满意度,进而提升军队疗养院护理服务的质量。     

加强军队医院非现役编制医务人员卫生勤务保障能力的重要性

目的:调查军队医院非现役编制医务人员的军事素质和卫勤保障意识,探讨提升该群体卫勤保障能力的重要性和必要性,为军队医院卫勤管理提供参考。方法:采用问卷调查的方式对我院154名非现役编制医务人员进行调查,主要包括军事理论、卫生勤务、突发事件应急管理及战伤急救等,分析非现役编制医务人员缺乏的基本军事素质,并提出针对性的加强军队医院文职人员卫生勤务保障能力的可行性培训计划,在培训结束时对医护人员的军事素质进行测评。结果:问卷调查结果:非现役文职人员的军事素质评分为(3.70±0.46)、卫生勤务能力评分为(2.48±0.91)、突发事件应急管理评分为(2.61±0.53)、战伤急救技能评分为(2.42±1.02)。测评结果:军事理论知识评分为(4.11±1.04)、卫生勤务能力评分为(4.78±1.37)、突发事件应急意识评分为(4.56±0.56)、战伤急救技能评分为(4.68±0.91)。培训后,非现役医务人员的卫勤保障能力显著提高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:非现役文职作为军队医院的聘用制人员已成为医务工作的主要力量,因此军队医院应加强非现役医务人员的卫生勤务保障能力,提高我军后勤医疗保障的坚固力量。     

留置气囊导尿管非计划拔管的原因与预防护理

目的：探讨留置尿管患者非计划拔管的原因及对策。方法对20例留置气囊导尿管患者非计划性拔管的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果导尿管非计划拔管的主要原因为尿管堵塞、气囊漏气或破裂致尿管自行脱落、患者难以忍受留置尿管、约束不当、医护操作不当及宣教不到位。结论护理人员应针对非计划拔管的危险因素采取有效的预防措施和健康教育,以降低非计划拔管的发生。     

新形势下军队医院卫生技术人员的稳定与思考

目的 分析在新形势下军队医院卫生技术人员的稳定性及影响因素。方法 对某省5家军队医院现役卫生技术人员进行问卷调查,采用卡方检验进行统计学分析。结果 有21.4％的现役卫生技术人员有转业倾向,其中医疗岗位占93.5%。与地方比福利待遇偏低、职称晋升困难、改非现役文职人员的不确定性显著影响人员的稳定性。结论 通过组织谈心和政策约束,稳定医疗岗位人才。对于选择提前退休或自主择业人员,积极创造条件返聘,通过各种途径稳定卫生技术人员,确保军队医院稳步转型。     

基层医院合同制护理人员的聘用与管理

目的：为保证“医院管理年”活动各项工作的深入开展,满足病人对护理服务和护理质量越来越高的要求;保证护理工作的蓖好运行,不断扩大整体护理工作的内涵和外延,提高病人的满意度。方法：5次招聘活动中,护理部通过对外宣传、理论笔试、操作考核、面试考评、综合评分、考察聘用等程序进行招聘活动,并对合同制护理人员进行规范化管理。提高了护理人员的综合素质,提高了护理质量和病人的满意度。体会：护理管理者通过对合同制护理人员的引进和管理,搞活了用人机制,使“优胜劣汰”成为可能,增加了护理人员的危机意识,激发了护理人员的内趋力。     

北京市护理人员对优质护理可持续发展的认知研究

目的 了解北京市护理人员对优质护理的认知情况,从行为主体视角探究优质护理可持续发展的障碍,提出促进优质护理可持续发展措施。方法 对北京市6所医院的护理人员进行立意分层抽样问卷调查。结果 共发放问卷1023份,收回1021份,有效问卷998份,问卷回收率为99.80%,有效回收率97.75%。对优质护理的知晓率为99.60%,对优质护理的认知率为89.09%。护理人员离职的四大原因：收入过低、优质护理服务造成压力过大、不受尊重、优质护理服务造成任务过重;优质护理可持续发展的四大障碍：护理服务价格过低、人力不足、观念落后（重医轻护）、投入不足;促进优质护理可持续发展的四大措施：加大投入、增加护理编制、观念转变（医护并举）、理顺护理服务价格体系。结论 护理人员对优质护理有较高的认知度,有利于优质护理可持续发展,但是对于垂直化管理仍需要加强宣传。     

护理干预在胰岛素泵强化治疗中的作用研究

目的：探讨护理干预对临床使用胰岛素泵治疗糖尿病效果的影响。方法：在161例用口服降糖药及常规胰岛素皮下注射进行血糖控制但效果不佳的糖尿病患者使用胰岛素泵治疗过程中,护理人员对其进行心理护理、置泵前告之患者用胰岛素泵治疗的方法、低血糖的预防、输部位的正确选择等全方位护理。结果：在胰岛素泵使用过程中,护理人员全面、细致、持续的干预达到使用的最佳效果。结论：护理干预是糖尿病患者学会正确的自我管理、自我保健知识和泵使用的各种技术的关键,同时也是保证糖尿病患者胰岛素泵治疗顺利进行的基础和关键。     

心内科住院患者人性化护理问题的分析与对策研究

目的：探讨心内科实施人性化护理的问题及产生问题的原因,寻找有效的解决措施。这对提高护理质量,有效保证住院患者的安全,促进住院患者身心健康有重要意义,同时,也为临床护理提供依据。方法：对我院2011年1月-2011年3月心内科住院患者进行护理满意度和护理需求问卷调查。结果：调查数据显示,实施人性化护理患者的满意度为89．86％,较2010年有较大的提高。导致患者不满意的原因依次为护患沟通不足、护理人员专业素质差、护理人员缺乏经验和个别护理人员职业道德低下。根据患者需求调查数据显示,患者在病房环境、个人隐私尊重与保护、服务态度、医疗技术操作水平及职业道德5个方面还有较大需求。结论：人性化护理对改善医患关系,提高护理安全,促进患者的身心健康有积极的作用。依据调查的患者需求量,人性化护理还需要有针对性的改进和提高。     

重症医学科鼻胃管非计划性拔管原因分析及护理对策

目的分析重症医学科患者鼻胃管非计划性拔管的原因,并采取相应的护理对策,降低其发生率。方法回顾性分析2012年1月~2014年12月我院重症医学科260例住院患者鼻胃管非计划性拔管的原因。结果鼻胃管非计划性拔管的常见原因为患者自身因素、护理人员因素及医疗护理操作不当。结论对鼻胃管非计划性拔管的高危因素进行分析,采取合理有效的护理对策,可降低非计划性鼻胃管拔管率,提高护理质量和医疗安全。     

部队医院文职人员管理的探索与研究

随着部队医疗机构人事编制的调整,军队医院及疗养院为缓解人员严重短缺的问题,通过公开考核面向社会招聘具有专业资格的非现役文职人员。文职人员作为军队疗养院的聘用制人员已成为医护工作的主要力量。因此,完善文职人员的管理工作是提高医院医疗质量的重点。本文通过分析文职人员聘用、教育、生活福利待遇及公务事业、社会保险等文职人员管理制度,探讨各项管理制度的特点及作用,提出适合我院推行的文职人员管理制度,即充分利用社会人才资源,建立健全文职人员管理评价体系,提高文职人员献身部队、服务军队的积极性和创造性。     

The long shadow of the Kargil War: The effect of early-life stress on education

The paper examines the long-term impact of the India-Pakistan war of 1999 on the educational attainment of children born to families of soldiers who survived the war. Based on the assumption that military families faced higher levels of psychological stress than civilian families during the war period, the paper uses a difference-in-difference methodology with household fixed effects to show that the education of military children exposed to the war during their formative years suffered significantly. An examination of the consumption expenditure pattern of military and civilian households suggests that the effect was unlikely to be via resource-related channels. The improbability of other direct pathways through which the war could affect these families suggests that the negative effect might have resulted from the psychological stress that the war generated for the affected families.     

军队医院聘用人员管理中的法律风险与防范对策

聘用人员是军队医院发展中不可缺少的支持力量,也为军队医院人力资源管理工作带来了一定的法律风险。从招聘录用、纪律管理、人事管理3个环节着手,分析了军队医院聘用人员管理中容易产生的法律风险,并提出了防范的具体措施。     

Alimentary infections during war conditions: Mostar and Tomislavgrad, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1992-1995

The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of sanitary and epidemiologic measures undertaken in relation to alimentary infections in the military corps of the Croatian Defense Council (Hrvatsko vje?e obrane) and civilian population in Mostar and Tomislavgrad regions during the 1992-1995 War in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A total of 25 (4.8%) of soldiers and 7 (7.1%) of non-military personnel were not being granted medical clearance to be employed in the food provision services. We recorded a total of 68 alimentary infections cases in military personnel (with an incidence of 536.2 per 100,000 persons), and 436 in civilian population (573.9 per 100,000 person), without significant difference between them (p=0.647). We did not record any alimentary infection outbreak in the military personnel, while two smaller epidemics of the abdominal typhus were recorded among civilian populations, but without lethal outcomes. The results of this study suggest that even the most basic adherence to the principle of standard sanitary and epidemiologic preventive measures may substantially reduce the probability of alimentary infections outbreaks, even in the highly disruptive, warfare environment.     

Overweight and obesity in military personnel: sociodemographic predictors

In the United States, nationally representative civilian studies have shown that BMI is associated with select sociodemographic characteristics. Active-duty military personnel are not included in these surveys and the persistence of these associations in military personnel is unknown. Data from the worldwide, representative 2002 and 2005 Department of Defense (DoD) Surveys of Health-Related Behaviors Among Active Duty Military Personnel were used to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity and, the association of BMI with sociodemographic characteristics. The final response bases included 12,756 (2002) and 16,146 (2005) personnel. Results indicated that the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity in military personnel increased to an all-time high in 2005 (60.5%) with higher prevalence of obesity in 2005 compared to 2002 (12.9% vs. 8.7, respectively, P ≤ 0.01). Holding other variables constant, regression analysis indicated that women were significantly less likely than men to be overweight or obese in both survey years (P ≤ 0.0001), which is contrary to civilian data. Similar to civilian data, the prevalence of obesity was significantly associated with increased age, black or Hispanic/Latino race/ethnicity, and being married (P ≤ 0.01). US military personnel are not immune to the US obesity epidemic. Demographic characteristics associated with being overweight should be considered when developing military-sponsored weight management programs.     

The injured lung: clinical issues and experimental models

Exposure of military and civilian populations to inhaled toxic chemicals can take place as a result of deliberate release (warfare, terrorism) or following accidental releases from industrial concerns or transported chemicals. Exposure to inhaled toxic chemicals can result in an acute lung injury, and in severe cases acute respiratory distress syndrome, for which there is currently no specific medical therapy, treatment remaining largely supportive. This treatment often requires intensive care facilities that may become overwhelmed in mass casualty events and may be of limited benefit in severe cases. There remains, therefore, a need for evidence-based treatment to inform both military and civilian medical response teams on the most appropriate treatment for chemically induced lung injury. This article reviews data used to derive potential clinical management strategies for chemically induced lung injury.     

1918 lurks in everybody's mind. The "Spanish" flu and us

The 1918 pandemic is still unique in the history of flu pandemics. The pathogenicity of the virus was extreme, and young adults more than infants and old people were its main victims. Many a death was caused by complications. The response of the French authorities didn't live up to the emergency requirements. Hospitals being requisitioned by the military, the civilian population lacked everything: beds, doctors, nurses, ambulances, drugs. For want of preventive or curative medicine, authorities could have done very little at any rate: public health measures (quarantine and isolation of the sicks) were unable to stop contagion. More than the war itself, present day historians indict the war-boosted increase in railways and sea communications between the continents and between the rear and the front. This momentous growth in transportation activities brought about a "bacterial equalization" throughout social categories and regions of the world. A most singular episode, whose historical chances to replicate within the next ten years are rather slim.