应用Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer分析限制性显示技术制备的HIV片段库

使用Agilent 2 10 0Bioanalyzer分析限制性显示技术 (restrictiondisplay ,RD)制备的HIV片段库 .利用合适的限制酶从质粒上获得HIVB亚型代表株U2 6 94 2全基因cDNA ,然后将目的片段进行Sau3AⅠ消化 ,在消化得到的片段两端加接头 ,利用通用引物进行PCR扩增 ,扩增结果通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳以及Agilent 2 10 0Bioanalyzer两种方法分析 .结果显示 ,Agilent 2 10 0Bioanalyzer比琼脂糖凝胶电泳能更快速、直接和客观地反映RD技术制备的DNA片段的大小以及含量 ,并能对RD PCR过程中片段自身连接以及优势扩增的现象进行直接的监控作用 .     

应用限制性显示技术制备HCV cDNA诊断基因芯片的初步研究

制备丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV)检测芯片并进行验证、初步检测质量评价。采用限制性显示 (Restrictiondisplay ,RD)技术制备芯片探针 ,从载体pCV_J4L6S中切出HCV全长cDNA ,Sau3AⅠ酶消化 ,所得的限制性片段进行RD_PCR扩增 ,经聚丙烯酰胺电泳 (PAGE)结合银染法进行分离。切胶回收后作 3次PCR ,得到较纯净的HCVcDNA限制性片段。扩增后的产物克隆至pMD18_T载体进行快速鉴定。将筛选出的限制性片段打印在氨基修饰的玻片上制备成检测芯片进行杂交验证分析 ,对芯片检测进行优化、初步的质量评估。运用RD技术 ,得到 2 4个 2 0 0～ 80 0bp、大小均一的基因片段 ,序列分析表明 ,均属于HCV特异基因 ,可以作为诊断芯片探针 ;杂交、测序结果显示 ,芯片检测的敏感性、特异性、准确度、重复性、线性等指标均佳。利用RD技术制备基因芯片探针是一种快速、简便的实用方法 ;制备的诊断芯片可以用于检测HCVRNA ,具有敏感、检测结果较为可靠的优点。     

cDNA文库法在HCV-1b检测芯片研制中的应用

制备丙型肝炎病毒(HCV) 1b亚型诊断芯片并进行初步验证评价.采用cDNA文库法制备探针,用限制性内切酶Sau3AⅠ消化HCV 1b全长cDNA ,所得的酶切片段72℃补平加A ,AT克隆,PCR初步鉴定,并测序.将筛选出的片段打印在氨基修饰的玻片上制备成检测芯片并进行杂交验证分析.运用cDNA文库法,得到2 2个大小相对一致(2 5 0～75 0bp)的基因片段.序列分析表明,均属于HCV 1b基因,可以作为诊断芯片探针;样品标记采用限制性显示(restrictiondisplay ,RD)技术,标记后进行杂交.杂交结果显示,样品和诊断基因芯片杂交的敏感性和特异性均佳.批内和批间精密度CV值分别为5 4 %和6 8% ,表明用cDNA文库法收集片段是一种快速、简便制备芯片探针的实用方法.     

用巢式PCR方法制备基因芯片的探针

制备出高纯度的探针,用于诊断基因芯片的打印。采用巢式PCR技术,M13作为外侧引物并自行设计内侧引物,扩增克隆在T载体上的基因片段。可制备出成分单一,上下游仅含19bp和20bp的短载体序列的探针,能使打印出的芯片得到较好的杂交效果。该法充分利用巢式PCR的优点,对制备探针的方法进行改进,且简便快速,能得到更高质量的探针,满足打印芯片的要求。     

应用限制性显示PCR技术构建细菌poly(A)化mRNA的cDNA文库

针对细菌mRNA poly(A)化位点的高度多态性,利用oligo(dT)与poly(A)特异结合的特性,以oligo(dT)一纤维素纯化mRNA,并以oligo(dT)18为引物逆转录合成cDNA,用限制性内切酶消化cDNA,所得的限制性内切酶片段与通用接头相连,通过10个选择性引物组合进行选择性PCR,使各片段得以扩增并分布于10个亚组中,并进行克隆,成功地克隆了100多个基因片段,已对其中40个进行了测序分析,探讨了限制性显示PCR技术在细菌poly(A)化mRNA cDNA库构建中的应用价值。     

cDNA文库法制备HCV-1诊断芯片探针的应用性研究

探讨利用eDNA文库法制备HCV-1诊断基因芯片探针的可行性．用限制性内切酶Sau3AI消化HCVla及lb全长eDNA,所得的酶切片段72℃补平加A,AT克隆,PCR初步鉴定,并测序．结果显示：HCV两个亚型1a、1b的全长eDNA得到57个大小相对一致(200-1000bp)的片段,平均每个亚型约28个,PCR及序列分析表明,所扩增的片段均属于HCV-1的特异基因,可做为HCV-1诊断基因芯片探针．利用eDNA文库法收集片段是一种快速、简便制备芯片探针的实用方法．     

含G0S2基因启动子的荧光素酶报告基因载体的构建

目的:克隆人G0S2基因启动子并构建荧光素酶报告基因载体,为进一步研究G0S2基因转录调控提供质粒。方法:利用PCR技术从人胚肾293A细胞基因组DNA中克隆获得G0S2基因启动子的DNA片段,将其克隆至pGL3-basic表达载体中,并转化人大肠杆菌DH5α,经限制性内切酶酶切、PCR及测序鉴定得到确认;将重组载体质粒与半乳糖苷酶表达质粒psV-β-Galactosidase共转染至大鼠血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC),检测细胞中荧光素酶的活性。结果:pGL3-G0S2-Promoter重组质粒插入片段和相邻序列正确,克隆的G0S2基因片段有启动子活性(P0.05)。结论:成功构建了pGL3-G0S2-Promoter报告基因质粒,为进一步研究G0S2基因的表达奠定了基础。     

利用基因芯片技术筛选HIV-1F亚型基因限制性显示探针

为筛选限制性显示技术制备的HIV 1F亚型基因探针 ,应用基因芯片打印仪将其有序地打印在玻片上制备基因芯片 .在随机引物延伸的过程中进行HIV样品的荧光标记 ,然后与芯片进行杂交 .杂交后清洗玻片并干燥 ,对芯片进行扫描 ,分析各探针的杂交信号 .从中筛选了 14个基因片段作为芯片下一步研究的探针 .实验证明 ,限制性显示技术是一种制备基因芯片探针的实用方法     

粘虫颗粒体病毒增效因子的基因定位

参考粉纹夜蛾Trichoplusia ni 颗粒体病毒增强因子的基因序列,设计PCR引物,用PCR反应扩增出特异性产物。用EcoRⅠ、BamHⅠ双酶酶切处理PCR反应产物,然后克隆到质粒pUC19中,构建重组质粒pUC19-SF;对重组质粒pUC19-SF中的外源片段测序,结果证明PCR扩增产物是粘虫颗粒体病毒PuGV-Ps增效因子基因的一段序列。重组质粒pUC19-SF的插入片段标记为探针,通过Southern杂交将增效因子基因定位于PuGV-Ps病毒基因组的多种酶切片段上。     

应用RD-PCR技术制备基因芯片靶基因片段

应用RD－PCR技术分离SH－SY5Y细胞的基因片段。从正常培养的SH－SY5Y细胞中提取总RNA,经oligo(dT）纤维素柱纯化分离出mRNA,然后以oligo(dT18)为锚定引物反转录生成单链cDNA,再以此为模板合成DNA的第二条链;将双链DNA经Sau3AI酶切之后,接上接头,经通用引物和选择性引物进行扩增;然后与载体pMD18-T相连,克隆鉴定、筛选、测序。所分离的cDNA片段经过扩增后用于制备基因芯片的靶基因,杂交检测的结果表明,此种方法所分离的基因片段可以用于基因芯片的靶基因片段,所制备的芯片将为进一步研究神经细胞基因表达提供了条件。     

蛋白质多肽文库构建中限制性显示技术的接头设计

为了探讨限制性显示(RD)技术在构建蛋白质多肽文库中灵活的接头设计,分别根据原核表达载体pET22b以及酵母表达载体pNMT-TOPO设计了三套接头,三套接头依次增加一个碱基以保证与之连接的片段总有可能表达正确的开放阅读框.然后以HIV-1 B亚型代表株U26942全基因质粒DNA为对象,利用RD技术分别建立了相应的蛋白质多肽文库.从每个库中各随机挑选12个克隆进行测序分析并进行蛋白质表达预测.结果从原核表达文库中获得了一个可以表达HIV Pol多肽的克隆,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)结果显示该克隆在细菌BL21(DE3)中有较高的表达,蛋白质印迹为阳性,与理论预测相符.这些结果提示,RD技术是一种建立基因组随机多肽文库的新方法,该方法灵活的接头设计可以满足不同的表达载体需求.     

脂蛋白脂酶基因的克隆、序列测定及定点突变

 以人的脂肪组织总RNA为模板 ,参考已报道的脂蛋白脂酶 (lipoproteinlipase ,LPL)cDNA设计引物 ,利用RT PCR方法扩增得到了LPLcDNA ,并经序列测定证实其序列是正确的 .在冠心病患者LPL基因第 5外显子的 830位碱基处发现了G→A的转换 ,该变异导致LPL基因第 192位的密码子CGA被CAA取代 ,使LPL第 192位精氨酸改变为谷氨酰胺 .在变异碱基附近设计合成两条引物 ,其中一条包含所要改变的碱基 ,利用基于PCR的定点突变技术和体外重组的方法获得了G830A变异的LPLcDNA     

Reliable fusion PCR using Taq polymerases and pGEM-T easy vectors

We describe a reliable method for the production of fusion PCR products that can be used to transform the wild-type bacteria to replace target genes for mutagenesis studies. The relevant gene fragments and selective cassette are first amplified separately by PCR using primers that produce overlapping ends. As economic Taq DNA polymerase is disappointed in producing overlap ends due to adding an extra 3′-end ‘A’ base which potentially blocks the successful fusion of the amplified fragments, we use a new primer design strategy to overcome this disadvantage by introducing an additional ‘A’ base in the overlap primers. The amplified gene fragments were then separately cloned into a pGEM-T easy vector and re-amplified with the aid of a universal primer T7/SP6. This procedure enables performing nested PCR with the outmost primers in the fusion reaction to reliably splice the gene fragments into a single molecule with all sequences in the desired order.     

Reliability of mitochondrial DNA in an acanthocephalan: the problem of pseudogenes

The utility of mitochondrial DNA as a molecular marker for evolutionary studies is well recognized. However, several problems can arise when using mitochondrial DNA, one of which is the presence of nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes, or Numts. Pseudogenes of cytochrome oxidase I were preferentially amplified from Acanthocephalus lucii (Acanthocephala) using a universal PCR approach. To verify the presence and abundance of pseudogenes, length heterogeneity analysis of the PCR fragments was performed. PCR products obtained with universal primers often contained fragments of different sizes. Cloned sequences from universal PCR products nearly always contained sequence abnormalities such as indels and/or stop codons. Based on these sequences, new primers were developed to specifically target mitochondrial DNA. Sequences obtained with these specific primers lacked abnormalities. Phylogenetic analysis produced a single most parsimonious tree in which pseudogenes obtained with universal primers grouped together as did putative mitochondrial DNA sequences obtained with specific primers. The pattern of codon bias observed in the pseudogenes suggests a single nuclear integration event from the mitochondria. This is the first reported occurrence of pseudogenes in an acanthocephalan, and it demonstrates the potential dangers associated with the use of universal primers.     

Selective DNA amplification from complex genomes using universal double-sided adapters

There is a rapidly developing need for new technologies to amplify millions of different targets from genomic DNA for high throughput genotyping and population gene-sequencing from diverse species. Here we describe a novel approach for the specific selection and amplification of genomic DNA fragments of interest that eliminates the need for costly and time consuming synthesis and testing of potentially millions of amplicon-specific primers. This technique relies upon Type IIs restriction enzyme digestion of genomic DNA and ligation of the fragments to double-sided adapters to form closed-circular DNA molecules. The novel use of double-sided adapters, assembled through the combinatorial use of two small universal sets of oligonucleotide building blocks, provides greater selection capacity by utilizing both sides of the adapter in a sequence-specific ligation event. As demonstrated, formation of circular structures results in protection of the desired molecules from nuclease treatment and enables a level of selectivity high enough to isolate single, or multiple, pre-defined fragments from the human genome when digested at over five million sites. Priming sites incorporated into the adapter allows the utilization of a common pair of primers for the amplification of any adapter-captured DNA fragment of interest.     

勒氏笛鲷微卫星位点的筛选及特征分析

采用PCR法快速筛选勒氏笛鲷(Lutjanus russelli)基因组文库, 以获得(CA)_n微卫星位点。勒氏笛鲷基因组DNA经限制性内切酶HaeⅢ+ DraⅠ双酶切后, 连接T-载体克隆, 构建基因组文库。以通用引物M13+/-与重复序列引物(CA)15对基因组文库进行筛选, 二次筛选后得到121个可能含有微卫星位点的阳性克隆。进行序列测定, 共获得53个CA(n≥7)重复序列, 重复次数主要分布于7~15(80.77%)。在所得微卫星序列中, 重复单元除CA外, 还观察到单碱基、三碱基、四碱基、五碱基重复单元。根据侧翼序列设计48对引物, 通过优化PCR反应条件, 可获得清晰可重复的目的条带。研究旨在为勒氏笛鲷遗传多样性研究及遗传图谱的构建等奠定基础, 为勒氏笛鲷资源的合理开发利用提供参考。     

AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting.

A novel DNA fingerprinting technique called AFLP is described. The AFLP technique is based on the selective PCR amplification of restriction fragments from a total digest of genomic DNA. The technique involves three steps: (i) restriction of the DNA and ligation of oligonucleotide adapters, (ii) selective amplification of sets of restriction fragments, and (iii) gel analysis of the amplified fragments. PCR amplification of restriction fragments is achieved by using the adapter and restriction site sequence as target sites for primer annealing. The selective amplification is achieved by the use of primers that extend into the restriction fragments, amplifying only those fragments in which the primer extensions match the nucleotides flanking the restriction sites. Using this method, sets of restriction fragments may be visualized by PCR without knowledge of nucleotide sequence. The method allows the specific co-amplification of high numbers of restriction fragments. The number of fragments that can be analyzed simultaneously, however, is dependent on the resolution of the detection system. Typically 50-100 restriction fragments are amplified and detected on denaturing polyacrylamide gels. The AFLP technique provides a novel and very powerful DNA fingerprinting technique for DNAs of any origin or complexity.