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1.
黑尾近红鲌含肉率及肌肉营养成分分析   总被引:45,自引:6,他引:39  
测定了长江上游特有鱼类黑尾近红的含肉率及其肌肉生化成分和能值。结果表明 :黑尾近红的含肉率为 70 74 % ;其肌肉生化成分 (鲜重百分比 )水分含量为 80 97%、蛋白质 15 92 %、脂肪 1 11%、灰分 1 0 1%、无氮浸出物 0 99%、比能值 4 37kJ/g及E/P 2 7 4 5kJ/g。肌肉生化成分含量与体长变化无明显关系。肌肉中含有 17种氨基酸 ,总量为 6 9 0 7% (干重百分比 ) ;9种人体必需氨基酸总量是 34 81% ,必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量比例为5 0 39% ;四种鲜味氨基酸含量为 2 6 94 % ;必需氨基酸指数 (EAAI)是 6 3 6 4。缬氨酸 ,苏氨酸和异亮氨酸为限制性氨基酸。  相似文献   

2.
报道了丁的含肉率及鱼肉生化成分 ,并对其营养价值做了综合评价。丁含肉率达 73 59% ,鱼肉蛋白质含量为 19 73% ,脂肪含量为 1 2 9%。 17种氨基酸总含量为 18 13% ,其中 7种必需氨基酸总量为 7 0 4 %。丁肌肉所含人体必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的百分比高于WHO FAO提出的标准。必需氨基酸指数为 74 38。  相似文献   

3.
洞庭青鲫肌肉营养成分分析及营养价值评定   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对2002年在湖南澧县澧水尾闾、洞庭湖区边缘化的封闭型湖泊——北民湖发现的洞庭青鲫(Carassius auratus var.dongtingking)(n=15)的含肉率和肌肉中的生化成分、比能值及氨基酸测定分析。结果表明,洞庭青鲫的含肉率为52.18%;其肌肉生化成分(鲜重百分比)为:水分78.14%,蛋白质18.63%,脂肪1.51%,灰分1.22%,比能值5.09kJ/g及E/P值27.32kJ/g。肌肉中含有17种氨基酸,总量为866.12mg/g(干重比);其中9种人体必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量的48.21%(盐酸水解法);支/芳值达2.81,接近人体正常所需;4种鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的50.39%。根据氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)标准,洞庭青鲫的第一限制因子是甲硫氨酸和胱氨酸,其次是缬氨酸、苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸。即洞庭青鲫氨基酸含量与组成与彭泽鲫(C.a.var.pengze)、异育银鲫(C.a.var.allogynogeneticrp)、萍乡肉红鲫(C.a.var.pingxing red)相比,均存在差异。  相似文献   

4.
三角鲂和长春鳊肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
用常规方法测定、分析了三角鲂(Megalobrama tarminalis)和长春鳊(Parabramis pekinensis肌肉中营养成分组成与含量.结果显示,三角鲂肌肉蛋白质、脂肪含量分别为18.19%和3.06%,长春鳊肌肉蛋白质、脂肪含量分别为19.38%和2.89%.三角鲂和长春鳊肌肉中均检测出18种氨基酸,其中包括了8种人体必需氨基酸.三角鲂肌肉中氨基酸总量为76.27%,其中,8种人体必需氨基酸含量为32.17%,占氨基酸总量的42.18%;长春鳊肌肉中氨基酸总量为77.60%,其中,8种人体必需氨基酸含量为31.70%,占氨基酸总量的40.85%.必需氨基酸的构成比例基本符合FAO/WHO的标准.三角鲂肌肉中限制性氨基酸主要为甲硫氨酸加胱氨酸,必需氨基酸指数为63.55,4种呈味氨基酸为氨基酸总量的32.81%;长春鳊肌肉中限制性氨基酸主要为色氨酸,必需氨基酸指数为66.81,4种呈味氨基酸为氨基酸总量的33.80%.脂肪酸中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)与二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量均较高,三角鲂为7.96%,长春鳊为3.11%.矿物元素比值合理.以上分析表明,三角鲂和长春鳊均为营养价值、经济价值都较高的优质鱼类,相比而言,三角鲂肌肉脂肪、脂肪酸含量和质量更优,而长春鳊肌肉在蛋白质、氨基酸组成与含量方面更优.  相似文献   

5.
豫南小鲵肌肉生化成分分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用生化分析方法测定豫南小鲵肌肉生化成分,结果表明:雌性肌肉含蛋白质15.39%,雄性含15.72%;总糖雌性1.84%,雄性1.73%;脂肪雌性0.72%,雄性0.56%.18种氨基酸总量13.43%(鲜重),其中8种必需氨基酸5.27%,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)80.94.11类脂肪酸中,不饱和脂肪酸含量远大于饱和脂肪酸,分别为77.53%和22.47%.  相似文献   

6.
鲢、鳙肌肉生化成分的分析   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
同一季节收集的不同体长组的鲢、鳙肌肉的生化成分,随着鱼体的增长水分含量逐渐下降,而脂肪含量则逐渐增加,蛋白质、无氮浸出物及灰分变幅不大,且与体长变化无明显的从属关系;同一体长组的鳙肌肉水分高于鲢,而脂肪含量则低于鲢,蛋白质、灰分、无氮浸出物含量差异不大。同年收集的1~+及2~+龄鲢、鳙的肌肉生化成分随着季节的延续,水分含量逐步下降,蛋白质及脂肪含量逐步上升,无氮浸出物及灰分含量变化不大;1~+龄鱼水分含量比2~+龄鱼高,蛋白质及脂肪含量则比2~+龄鱼低,其余成分含量差别不显著。  相似文献   

7.
丁(鱼岁)的含肉率及其营养价值的分析   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
报道了丁Gui的含肉率及鱼肉生化成分,并对其营养价值做了综合评价。丁Gui含肉率达73.59%,鱼肉蛋白质含量为19.73%,脂肪含量为1.29%。17种氨基酸总含量为18.13%,其中7种必需氨基酸总量为7.04%。丁Gui肌肉所含人体必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的百分比高于WHO/FAO提出的标准。必需氨基酸指数为74.38。  相似文献   

8.
南美鲱鱼的含肉率及肌肉营养评价   总被引:23,自引:5,他引:23  
测定了 6尾南美鲱鱼的含肉率及其营养成分 ,并对其营养价值进行综合评定。该鱼 (鲜样 )含肉率 83.6 5 % ;肌肉中含粗蛋白 1 7 74 % ,粗脂肪 5 2 5 % ,粗灰分 1 0 2 % ,水分 74 73% ,无氮浸出物 1 2 6 %。干物质中水解氨基酸总量 70 36 % ,其中必需氨基酸 2 7 90 % ,占氨基酸总量的 39 6 5 % ;游离氨基酸总量1 2 6 5 1 8mg 1 0 0g;必需氨基酸指数为 4 0 33;矿物质含量丰富 ,尤其是硒。认为南美鲱鱼是一种营养价值和养殖价值都比较高的淡水养殖新品种 ,具有良好的开发利用前景。  相似文献   

9.
为评价新型杂交鱼“太湖鲂鲌”(翘嘴鲌Culter alburnus♀×三角鲂Megalobrama terminalis♂)的肌肉营养价值, 采用生化测定法比较分析了“太湖鲂鲌”、翘嘴鲌和三角鲂的肌肉营养成分, 结果表明: (1)“太湖鲂鲌”肌肉水分含量显著低于翘嘴鲌和三角鲂(P<0.05), 而肌肉粗蛋白质含量较高(P<0.05)。(2)“太湖鲂鲌”的必需氨基酸(EAA)含量显著高于三角鲂(P<0.05); 3种鱼的第一限制性氨基酸均为含硫氨基酸(蛋氨酸+胱氨酸)。(3)“太湖鲂鲌”肌肉脂肪酸中的不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)含量显著高于翘嘴鲌和三角鲂(P<0.05)。(4)3种鱼肌肉矿物质元素铁、铜、锰、锌含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述, “太湖鲂鲌”肌肉营养继承并综合了双亲的优良性状, 是一种富含蛋白质、EAA和UFA的优良养殖品种, 具有推广价值。  相似文献   

10.
作者采用常规生化分析法测定草食性鱼类天然食料(七种水生高等植物)的生化成分和能值。在实验室特定条件下测定了草鱼和团头鲂的系列体重组对七种水生高等植物的最大摄食量和消化率。1.七种水生高等植物的生化成分的含量和能值的分析结果表明,菹草、黄丝草、聚草、苦草、小茨草、轮叶黑藻和紫背浮萍的水分百分含量范围为80.85—92.72%、蛋白质为1.69—4.96%、脂肪为0.35—1.09%、灰分为0.98—2.6%、纤维素为0.66—2.17%、无氮浸出物为2.3—9.95%。七种水生植物的蛋白质均含有常见十七种氨基酸,包括鱼体必需氨基酸九种和非必需氨基酸八种。其中菹草的氨基酸含量最高(36.63mg/g 湿重)、苦草最低(12.92mg/g 湿重);菹草的能值最高(3.36KJ/g 湿重)、小茨藻最低(1.28KJ/g 湿重)。2.草鱼、团头鲂对七种水生植物的最大摄食量(Y,g/24h)及消化率(Y,%)与鱼体重(X,g)相关显著,关系式为 Y=aX~b。从结果表明,随着鱼体重的增加,鱼对七种食料的相对摄食量下降(绝对摄食量上升),消化率提高。草鱼的最大摄食量一般比团头鲂高,而消化率一般比团头鲂低。  相似文献   

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Papillary muscles of rat and dog hearts were fixed in such a way as to prevent excessive shortening during the procedure. The material was embedded in either araldite or methacrylate and was stained in various ways. The filamentous fine structure of mammalian cardiac muscle is similar to that previously described for striated skeletal muscle. The sarcomeres are composed of a set of thick and thin filaments which interdigitate in the A band proper. The filament ratios and the filamentous array are in accord with those found in skeletal muscle. The functional significance of this twofold array of filaments is not entirely clear. Various other structural aspects of cardiac cells such as surface membranes, mitochondria, nuclei, and cytoplasmic granules are described. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is discussed in detail as are the various structural components forming the intercalated discs. Fairly frequent deep invaginations of the sarcolemma with basement membrane are observed in addition to the intercalated discs. These surface membrane invaginations probably explain the branching appearance of cardiac fibers as seen under the light microscope.  相似文献   

13.
THE SITE OF SWELLING IN MUSCLE   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
  相似文献   

14.
1. Muscle can be prepared in the form of a dry powder in which myosin exists in a state similar to that in intact muscle. As in intact muscle, myosin in powdered muscle is soluble and can be caused to rapidly coagulate. 2. Restoring to powdered muscle the quantity of water previously removed causes coagulation of myosin. The rate of coagulation is considerably slower at 0° than at 20°. 3. Adding the powder to a large volume of dilute salt solution also results in coagulation. 4. The water soluble constituents of muscle can be removed from the powder without thereby causing coagulation. Coagulation occurs in water extracted muscle when it is suspended in a dilute salt solution. 5. Coagulation of myosin in muscle resembles the coagulation of myosin caused by dehydration. 6. Myosin coagulates readily only when it is imbedded in the structure of muscle. The significance for coagulation of the arrangement of myosin particles in muscle has been indicated.  相似文献   

15.
THE SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM OF STRIPED MUSCLE   总被引:7,自引:6,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
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18.
THE SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM OF THE BAT CRICOTHYROID MUSCLE   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
The bat cricothyroid muscle is believed to participate in the production of the short bursts of frequency modulated ultrasound which these animals use as an echolocation device. The evidence seems to indicate that this muscle must be extremely fast acting. It possesses a very well developed sarcoplasmic reticulum, consisting of intercommunicating longitudinal and transverse tubular elements. The transverse elements, situated at the level of the junction between the A and the I bands, are tripartite complexes of tubules called triads, and these are sometimes replaced by more complex structures, the pentads. The intermediate element of the triad appears as a slender continuous tubule, which can be shown to come into close contact with the sarcolemma and also to share with it certain common staining properties. The longitudinal components of the reticulum consist of very numerous tubules which link successive triads to each other and anastomose to form multiple layers of close-meshed reticula in the interfibrillar sarcoplasm. Both the longitudinal and the transverse elements of the sarcoplasmic reticulum form a continuous network across the muscle fiber. It is suggested that the extraordinary development of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the bat cricothyroid is related to the unusual physiological properties of this muscle.  相似文献   

19.
Basalar and tibial extensor muscle fibers of Achalarus lyciades were examined with light and electron microscopes. Basalar muscle fibers are 100–150 µ in diameter. T-system membranes and sarcoplasmic reticulum make triadic contacts midway between Z lines and the middle of each sarcomere. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is characterized by a transverse element situated among myofilaments halfway between Z lines in every sarcomere. The morphology of Z lines, hexagonal packing of thin and thick myofilaments, and thin/thick myofilament ratios are similar to those of fast-acting insect muscles. Tibial extensor muscle fibers are 50–100 µ in diameter. Except for a lack of the transverse element, the T system and sarcoplasmic reticulum are similar to those of basalar muscle. Wavy Z lines, lack of a hexagonal packing of myofilaments, and larger thin/thick myofilament ratios are similar to those of other postural muscles of insects. The morphology of basalar and tibial extensor muscle is compared to that of other insect muscle with known functions, and reference is made to the possible contribution of the transverse element of sarcoplasmic reticulum in basalar flight muscle to speed and synchrony in this muscle.  相似文献   

20.
The location of tritiated adenine nucleotide was studied by autoradiography in toad muscle which had been fixed in an acetic acid/ethanol mixture, with lead acetate present to act as the nucleotide precipitant. The muscles were embedded in Araldite. The autoradiographs were examined in both the light microscope and the electron microscope. In confirmation of earlier work, it was found that at least 50 per cent of the adenine nucleotide is concentrated in the I band, near the A-I boundary, and evidence is now available to suggest that this fraction is located in the interfibrillar spaces rather than in the substance of the fibrils. Electron micrographs of unstained sections failed to show any structural features at the site in question, though the triads were made visible by the lead. However, when sections were stained with an alkaline solution containing lead, or with uranyl acetate, "vesicles" were revealed at the appropriate site and it is thought that these may be elements of a transverse network (reticulum) of tubules containing the adenine nucleotide. The location of phosphocreatine could not be investigated because this substance was lost from the muscle during the preparative procedure.  相似文献   

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