再议ABO血型与亲子鉴定

90年第2期生物学通报的“ABO血型与亲子鉴定”一文(以下简称“鉴定”)提出了在ABO血型系统下,根据双亲的血型计算其子女的可能血型出现的概率。例如表1列出了血型分别为A、B的双亲其子女的可能血型及其概率,但是在人群中,具A血型的人有两种基因型,即Ⅰ~AⅠ~A和Ⅰ~Aⅰ,按“鉴定”一文的分析,作者实际上假定了这两种基因型的人数是相等的,因而认定     

贵州汉族八个红细胞血型系统的分布

本文调查了贵州汉族八个红细胞血型系统的分布。结果表明P_1基因频率(0.1520)和Di~a。基因频率(0.0182)较低。其它系统的基因频率为P=0.2171、q=0.1858、r=0.5969、m=0.5400、n=0.4600、S=0.0478、s=0.9522、Jk~a=0.4633、Jk~b=0.5367、Fy~a=0.9367、Fy~b=0.0633。MNSs血型系统单倍型频率为MS=0.0301、NS=0.0177、Ms=0.5099、Ns=0.4423。Rh血型系统单倍型频率为R~1=0.5766、R~2=0.2508、R~0=0.0511、R~z=0.0421、r~’=0.0794。未发现MMSS、MNSS及Fy(a-)表现型。     

极端嗜酸热古菌Acidianus manzaensis硫氧化模型构建

为了解极端嗜酸热古菌硫氧化代谢途径,基于Acidianus manzaensis YN-25全基因组信息,通过NCBI数据库比对初步筛选了20个可能与硫氧化相关的基因,并通过实时定量PCR(RT-qPCR)比较了所筛选基因在以单质硫(S~0)和亚铁(Fe2+)两种不同能源底物培养下的表达差异。结果表明,A.manzaensis菌中存在至少15个与硫氧化相关的基因,经过比对分析,它们包括5个编码氧化单质硫(S~0)及含硫中间产物的酶基因、4个编码末端氧化酶基因、1个编码硫酸根转运蛋白酶基因、1个编码电子传递蛋白基因,以及4个编码与硫氧化密切相关的硫还原蛋白家族(Sulfur reduction protein)的dsr E基因。基于上述实验分析结果,拟构建极端嗜酸热古菌A.manzaensis的硫氧化模型,即胞外的S~0跨膜转运进入细胞内后,经硫氧化蛋白(SOR)氧化还原生成S_2O_3~(2-),SO_3~(2-)和H_2S等含硫中间产物。接着,细胞内通过其他相关硫氧化酶的作用将这些中间产物进一步氧化,并将氧化得到的电子传递给细胞膜上的氧化型醌(Q~(2+)),使其形成还原型的醌(QH_2),QH_2最终被末端氧化酶氧化形成NADH和ATP,从而为细胞生长提供能量。     

也谈ABO血型与亲子关系鉴定——O×AB可生出AB型的后代

我们通常所说的血型是指红细胞表面的抗原差异(如ABO血型系统、Rh血型系统等),其实这只是狭义的理解。从广义的角度来说,血型除了红细胞表面的抗原差异外,还包括白细胞(如HLA系统)、血小板、血浆等成分的抗原差异。据统计,人体所有的血型组合起来可达1.110287×10~(19)之多。 ABO血型系统是诸多血型系统中的一种,血型作为一种遗传标记,在法医学广泛应用于鉴定亲子关系。ABO血型受Ⅰ~A、Ⅰ~B、ⅰ三个复等位基因控制的,其中ⅰ为隐性基因。通常分为六种基因型:Ⅰ~AⅠ~A、Ⅰ~Aⅰ、Ⅰ~BⅠ~B、Ⅰ~Bⅰ、Ⅰ~AⅠ~B、ⅱ;四种表型:A、B、AB、O四种血型。A型人含有A血型物     

贵州三都地区水族人群ABO血型分布

随机抽样贵州省三都水族自治县水族人群500例,进行ABO血型的检测分析。调查结果为:(1)水族的ABO血型分布为A型占29 41%,B型占22 06%,O型占44 12%,AB型占4 41%;特征为O>A>B>AB。基因频率是p=0 1871,q=0 1430,r=0 6699;特征为r>p>q。(2)水族ABO血型分布的民族指数为1 278。此次调查贵州省三都的水族具有较高的O基因频率,具有典型的南方人群结构特征。调查结果基本上与以前的文献资料相符,且符合我国省区血型频数分布规律。     

鱼类的重量-身体维数关系的研究

在运用一元数学公式:W=al~b(或W=aL~b)来描述鱼类的重量与身体维数关系时存在许多缺陷。作者从确立一条模式鱼的边界曲线方程出发,应用求旋转体体积的方法建立了鱼类重量与长度、体高的多元数学公式: W=al~(b_1)H~(b_2)(或W=aL~(b_1)H~(b_2)),并推演出鱼类重量与长度、体高、体周长之间的另外两种关系式: W=al~(b_1)S~(b_3)(或W=aL~(b_1)S~(b_3)) 和W=al~(b_1)H~(b_2)S~(b_3)(或W=aL~(b_1)H~(b_2)S~(b_3))。上述几类多元数学公式在用来拟合白鲢、翘嘴红鲌和长春鳊种群及它们的不同生长阶段的观测数据时,都比一元数学公式更接近于实际情况,由多元数学公式进行预报的精度也比一元数学公式高。多元数学公式之所以优于一元数学公式是因为多元数学公式能够较全面地反映不同维数对鱼体重量的综合影响。对于不同体形的鱼类,不同维数对重量影响的程度是不同的,因此在应用时应有所选择。从多元数学公式的组成及应用情况看,真正有使用价值的是考虑了体周长的二元数学公式。由于体高易于测量,为此考虑了体高的二元数学公式更具有实用价值。作者建议,在鱼类生长的理论与应用研究中,可采用: W=al~(b_1)H~(b_2)(或W=aL~(b_1)H~(b_2)) 和W=al~(b_1)S~(b_3)(或W=aL~(b_1)S~(b_3)) 来描述鱼类的重量与身体维数之间的关系。     

中国人AB0 血型分布

人体血型作为一种遗传标记,在研究人类 种族起源和迁移中是个重要工具。ABO血型 是人类发现的第一个血型系统,由于鉴定方便, 已积累了中国人ABO血型分布的大量资料。 1963年尚书颂等Ci7曾统计分析了15万左右中 国人ABO血型的分布资料,并根据“民族指数” (A十AB)/(B十AB）和各种血型比例,将我 国各省区ABO血型分布划分为4种类型。     

福建畲族的红细胞血型分布The Distribution of Red Cell Blood Group Systems of Shezu in Fujian Province

本文报道了父母双方上溯三代均为畲族的123名健康人的9个红细胞血型系统的分布。其表型分布如下：ABO血型系统：A型34人,B型26人,O型57人,AB型6人。MNSs血型系统：MNSs型5人,MMSs型5人,NNSs型1人, MMss型32人,MNss型62人,NNss型18人。未发现SS型。Rh血型系统：CCDee型44人,CcDee型9人,CCDEe型5人, CcDEe型55人,ccDEe型2人,ccDEE型8人,未发现ccDee、CCDEE型及CcDEE型。Duffy血型系统：Fy(a+b-)型115人,Fy(a+b+)型8人,未发现Fy(a-b+)及Fy(a-b-)型。 Kidd血型系统：Jk(a+b-)型49人,Jk(a+b+)型43人,Jk(a+b+)型43人,Jk(a-b+)型31人,未发现Jk (a-b-)型。Lutheran血型系统: Lu(a-b+) 型123人,未发现Lu(a+b-)及Lu(a+b+)型。Diego血型系统：Di(a+)型13人,Di(a-)型110人。P血型系统：P1(+)型38人,P1(-)型85人。Lewis血型系统：Le(a+b-)型16人,Le(a+b+)型9人,Le(a-b+)型91人,Le(a-b-)型7人。     

福建畲族的红细胞血型分布The

本文报道了父母双方上溯三代均为畲族的123名健康人的9个红细胞血型系统的分布。其表型分布如下：ABO血型系统：A型34人,B型26人,O型57人,AB型6人。MNSs血型系统：MNSs型5人,MMSs型5人,NNSs型1人, MMss型32人,MNss型62人,NNss型18人。未发现SS型。Rh血型系统：CCDee型44人,CcDee型9人,CCDEe型5人, CcDEe型55人,ccDEe型2人,ccDEE型8人,未发现ccDee、CCDEE型及CcDEE型。Duffy血型系统：Fy(a+b-)型115人,Fy(a+b+)型8人,未发现Fy(a-b+)及Fy(a-b-)型。 Kidd血型系统：Jk(a+b-)型49人,Jk(a+b+)型43人,Jk(a+b+)型43人,Jk(a-b+)型31人,未发现Jk (a-b-)型。Lutheran血型系统: Lu(a-b+) 型123人,未发现Lu(a+b-)及Lu(a+b+)型。Diego血型系统：Di(a+)型13人,Di(a-)型110人。P血型系统：P1(+)型38人,P1(-)型85人。Lewis血型系统：Le(a+b-)型16人,Le(a+b+)型9人,Le(a-b+)型91人,Le(a-b-)型7人。     

科学出版社生命科学编辑部新书推介

中国人群体遗传学杜若甫　主编2 0 0 4年 10月出版7 0 3 0 1332 0 X/Q .14 1316开精装定价 :12 0 0 0元·内容提要·　　本书是《现代遗传学丛书》之一 ,是首部有关中国各民族、多项遗传性状与标记的群体遗传学专著 ,由我国著名的人类群体遗传学家杜若甫博士主编 ,人类群体遗传学各领域中长期从事这方面研究的专家分别撰写各章 .本书第一章对我国 5 6个民族一一作了简要说明 ,第二章至第十一章的内容分别为ABO血型系统 ,MNSs、Rh、Kidd、Duffy、Kell、Diego、P、Xg、Lutheran等血型系统 ,HLA系统 ,血红蛋白 ,血清蛋白 ,酶 ,苯硫脲…     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.