我国北方地区裸胞壳属(Emericeila)的种

对1402份来自于东北,华北及西北地区的土样进行裸胞壳属(Emericella)菌的分离．结合菌落形态及扫描电镜下子囊孢子的形态将各菌鉴定到种。结果表明我国北方地区分布有8个种,1个变种,分别是无冠裸胞壳(Emericella acristata)、皱折裸胞壳(Emericellacorrugata)、茴香裸胞壳(Ernericella foeniculicola)、宫治裸胞壳(Emericella miyajii)、构巢裸胞壳(Emericella nidulans vat．．Nidulans)、构巢裸胞壳宽脊变种(Emericella nidulans vat．Tara)、四脊裸胞壳(Emericella quadrilineata)、褶皱裸胞壳(Emericella rugulosa)及波状裸胞壳(Emericella undulata)。除银川地区以Emericella acristata为优势菌外,各地区以Emericella nidulans最为常见．文中对常见菌种进行了简要的概述,对在我国较少见的种进行了详细的描述和讨论。     

我国北方地区裸胞壳属（Emericella）的种

对１４０２份来自于东北,华北及西北地区的土样进行裸胞壳属菌的分离。结合菌落开矿的扫描电镜下囊孢子的形态将各菌鉴定到种。结果表明我国北方地区分布有８个种,１个变种,分别是无冠裸胞壳,皱折裸胞壳,茴香裸胞索,宫治裸胞壳,构巢裸胞索,褶皱裸皱胞壳及波状裸胞,四脊裸胞索,褶皱裸胞索及波状裸胞壳。     

云南省可培养丝孢真菌资源的调查研究Ⅲ

本文报道曲霉属及其相关的有性型属、即散囊菌属和裸胞壳属的分类群共１５个,其中新变种１个,我国新记录３个。它们是：日本曲霉小囊变种（新变种）,赭曲霉,蜂蜜曲霉,孔曲霉,埋藏曲霉（新记录）,佩特曲霉（新记录）、亮白曲霉,阿姆斯特丹散囊菌,谢瓦散囊菌,腊叶散囊菌,赤散囊菌,匍匐散囊菌原变种,构巢裸胞壳,无冠裸胞壳和刺孢裸胞壳（新记录）     

云南省可培养丝孢真菌资源的调查研究

本文报道曲霉属及其相关的有性型属、即散囊菌属和裸胞壳属的分类群共15个,其中新变种1个,我国新记录3个。它们是：日本曲霉小囊变种(新变种),赭曲霉,蜂蜜曲霉,孔曲霉,埋藏曲霉(新记录),佩特曲霉(新记录)、亮白曲霉,阿姆斯特丹散囊菌,谢瓦散囊菌,腊叶散囊菌,赤散囊菌,匍匐散囊菌原变种,构巢裸胞壳,无冠裸胞壳和刺孢裸胞壳(新记录)。     

离壁壳属一新变种

采自衡山南岳的白粉菌一种新变种,即寄生在壳斗移多脉青冈（Ｑｕｅｒｉｃｕｓ ｍｕｌｔｉｎｅｒｖｉｓ Ｃｈｅｎｇ）上的赖氏离壁壳南岳变种（Ｃｙｓｔｏｔｈｅｃａ ｗｒｉｇｈｔｉｉ Ｂｅｒｋ ＆ Ｃｕｒｔ ｖａｒ．ｎａｎｙｕｅｎｓｉｓｐ Ｊ．Ｌ．Ｚｈｏｕ）。新变种有汉文和拉丁文描述以及建立新变种的讨论。     

中国山姜属一新变种

阳春山姜新变种ＡｌｐｉｎｉａｓｔａｃｈｙｏｉｄｅｓＨａｎｃｅｖａｒ．ｙａｎｇｃｈｕｎｅｎｓｉｓＺ．Ｌ．ＺｈａｏｅｔＬ．Ｓ．Ｘｕ,ｖａｒ．ｎｏｖ．ＴＹＰＥ：Ｇｕａｎｇｄｏｎｇ（广东）,Ｙａｎｇｃｈｕｎ（阳春）,Ｂａｊｉａ（八甲）,Ｘｉａｎｊｉａｄｏｎｇ...     

化石大孢子Tricristatispora tricristata(Li,1974)comb.nov.

三冠大孢属Ｔｒｉｃｒｉｓｔａｔｉｓｐｏｒａ是我国西部地区上三叠统特征的常见化石。此前分别命名为Ｃａｌａｍｏｓｐｏｒａ ｔｒｉｃｒｉｓｔａｔａ Ｌｉ,１９７４,Ｔｒｉｃｒｉｓｔａｔｉｓｐｏｒａ ａｐｈｅｌａ Ｌｉｕ,１９８１和Ｖｉｂｕｒａｍｅｇａｓｐｏｒａ ｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓ Ｚｈａｎｇ,１９８４的几个种实属具相同特征的同种化石,后２个种名为前１种的晚出同义名,应予废弃。这里将种名ｔｒｉｃｒｉｓｔ     

国产稗属植物的细胞学研究

对国产７种（含变种）稗属Ｅｃｈｉｎｏｃｈｌｏａ植物的细胞学进行了初步研究。９个供试材料的体细胞分别表现两种染色体数目２ｎ为３６或５４。除光头稗Ｅ．ｃｏｌｏｎｕｍＬ外,分析了其余种的核型,其结果为：稗Ｅ．ｃｒｕｓ．ｖａｒ．ｃｒｕｓｇａｌｌｉ２ｎ＝５４＝５８ｍ＋６ｓｍ;西来稗Ｅ．ｃｒｕｓ．ｖａｒ．ｚｅｌａｙｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｈ．Ｂ．Ｋ．）Ｈｉｔｃｈｃ ２ｎ＝５４＝４２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋１２ｓｍ（４ＳＡＴ）;     

中国及缅甸北部蹄盖蕨科新分类群

花叶假蹄盖蕨新变种Ａｔｈｙｒｉｏｐｓｉｓｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ（Ｔｈｕｎｂ．）Ｃｈｉｎｇｖａｒ．ｖａｒｉｅｇａｔａＷ．Ｍ．ＣｈｕｅｔＺ．Ｒ．Ｈｅ,ｖａｒ．ｎｏｖ．ＴＹＰＥ：Ｙｕｎｎａｎ（云南）,Ｋｕｎｍｉｎｇ（昆明）,Ｘｉｓｈａｎ（西山）,ｕｎｄｅｒｍｉｘ...     

禾谷顶囊壳白化突变株的建立和白化性状的遗传

禾谷顶囊壳（Ｇａｕｍａｎｎｏｍｙｃｅｓ　ｇｒａｍｉｎｉｓ　Ｓａｃｃ．）ｖ．Ａｒｘ　＆Ｏｌｉｖｉｅｒ）是重要的植物病原真菌,可引起禾本科作物全蚀病,其中小麦变种（Ｇ．ｇｒａｍｉｎｉｓ．ｖａｒ．ｔｒｉｔｉｃｉ）分布最广,为害最重。禾谷顶囊壳有性生殖为同宗配合。１９９６～１９９８年,作者利用紫外线诱变技术获得了禾谷顶囊壳的白化突变菌株,井对白化突变性状的遗传规律进行了研究,取得了明确的结果,从而为开展该菌的遗传学研究创造了条件。１材料与方法１．１供试菌种供试菌株２０个,分别由陕西、甘肃、宁夏部分地区小…     

捕食线虫真菌：球捕轮虫霉新种和胶孢轮虫霉新记录种

在贵州樊静山和吉林长白山食线虫菌物调查中,发现２种相近的菌物,经比较研究后,将长白山菌株鉴定为球捕轮虫霉新种（ＺｏｏｐｈａｇｕｓｔｙｌｏｐａｇｕｓＬｉｕ＆Ｚｈａｎｇ）,将樊静山菌株鉴定为胶孢轮虫霉（Ｚｏｏｐｈａｇｕｓｐｅｃｔｏｓｐｏｒｕｓ（Ｄｒｅｃｈｓｌｅｒ）Ｄｉｃｋ）中国新记录种。标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所菌物标本室（ＨＭＡＳ）。     

国产前原鹅观草的订正

对我国文献中记载的前原鹅观草（Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａｍａｙｅｂａｒａｎａ（Ｈｏｎｄａ）Ｏｈｗｉ）的标本和植物,与原产于日本的该种进行了比较形态学、细胞学研究,二者差异显著。作者认为我国所记载的该种种名应是山东鹅观草（Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａｓｈａｎｄｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｂ．Ｓａｌｏｍｏｎ）Ｊ．Ｌ．Ｙａｎｇ,Ｙ．Ｈ．ＺｈｏｕｅｔＹｅｎ）,其内稃先端钝圆,长为外稃的３／４,染色体数为２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８,具ＳＹ染色体组,结实率达９０％以上,过去被错定为Ｒ．ｍａｙｅｂａｒａｎａ。而Ｒ．ｍａｙｅｂａｒａｎａ在日本系一天然杂种,其内稃先端尖,与外稃等长或稍短,染色体数为２ｎ＝６ｘ＝４２,具ＨＳＹ染色体组,结实率极低,仅０．２％～０．４％。     

Confirmation of the relationships of Aspergillus egyptiacus and Emericella nidulans using progesterone transformation

Isolates of Emericella nidulans (7 isolates), Aspergillus egyptiacus (7) and A. versicolor (5) were tested for their ability to transform progesterone. Consistent results were obtained between isolates of the same species. Whilst A. egyptiacus and E. nidulans possessed the enzyme system catalysing the transformation of progesterone into 11-α-hydroxyprogesterone, A. versicolor did not. Thus, progesterone transformation could be considered as further diagnostic evidence that A. egyptiacus is related to the Emericella group.     

中国热带地区的半知菌Ⅰ.云南尾孢菌属及其近似属的种(英文)

本文报道云南热带地区尾孢菌属及其近似属真菌４５种,其中有一个新种：番木瓜短胖孢（ＣｅｒｃｏｓｐｏｒｉｄｉｕｍｐａｐａｙａｅＹ．Ｌ．Ｇｕｏ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）,寄生在番木瓜科（Ｃａｒｉｃａｃｅａｅ）番木瓜（ＣａｒｉｃａｐａｐａｙａＬ．）叶上。短胖孢属真菌在番木瓜科植物上是首次报道。文中为新种提供了拉丁文简介、描述并附图。模式标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室（ＨＭＡＳ）。寄生在番木瓜（ＣａｒｉｃａｐａｐａｙａＬ．）上的ＣｅｒｃｏｓｐｏｒａｍａｍａｏｎｉｓＶｉｅｇａｓ＆Ｃｈｕｐｐ与本种近似,二者都具有子座,分生孢子梗紧密簇生,但前者分生孢子梗（５～２５×２～３μｍ）和分生孢子（１０～４５×２～３μｍ）均短而窄。番木瓜尾孢（ＣｅｒｃｏｓｐｏｒａｐａｐａｙａｅＨａｎｓｆ．）与本种的区别在于无子座,分生孢子梗色泽深（中度褐色）,分生孢子梗长（５０～２００×３．５～６μｍ）,分生孢子无色,针形,窄（２０～７５×３～５μｍ）。     

白粉菌属一新种

报道了寄生在人参（ＰａｎａｘｇｉｎｓｅｎｇＭｅｙｅｒ）上的白粉菌属一新种：人参白粉菌（ＥｒｙｓｉｐｈｅｐａｎａｃｉｓＲ．Ｌ．Ｂａｉ．ｅｔＷ．Ｃ．Ｌｉｕｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）,此为白粉菌有性型在五加科（Ａｒａｌｉ ａｃｅａｅ）植物上寄生的首次记载。模式标本存放在解放军农牧大学真菌标本室     

中国毛茛科植物小志(廿一)

（１）对Ｐ．Ａ．Ｍｕｎｚ１９６７～１９６８年发表的关于亚洲翠雀属一文中的多数错误鉴定逐一加以改正;（２）从Ｍｕｎｚ鉴定错误的标本中发现了４新种和１新变种;（３）在发现了浅裂菟葵的具花标本之后,补充了该种花的描述;（４）在研究了ｈａｌｉｃｔｒｕｍｌａｘｕｍＵｌｂｒ．的等模式之后,认为该种不能成立,应是Ｔ．ｒｏｂｕｓｔｕｍＭａｘｉｍ．的异名;（５）描述１铁线莲属新种     

采用PCR-RFLP和RAPD对球壳孢目真菌系统学的研究

对球壳孢目真菌首次采用ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ和ＲＡＰＤ进行了系统发育研究。以ＩＴＳ１和ＩＴＳ４为引物对４属１２种２４个菌株的核糖体ＤＮＡ转录间区（ＩＴＳ）进行了ＰＣＲ扩增,４种内切酶（ＡｌｕＩ,Ｈｈａ,ＭｓｐＩ,ＴａｑＩ）酶切,结果表明：主要属的ＩＴＳ区长度不同,同属不同种相同。Ｃｏｎｉｏｔｈｙｒｉｕｍ,Ｐｈｙｌｏｓｔｉｃｔａ,Ａｓｃｏｃｈｙｔａ,ＳｅｐｔｏｒｉａＩＴＳ区长度分别为６３０,５６０,５５０,５４０ｂｐ;酶切图谱属间差别明显,属内种间基本一致,暗示传统的分种可能过细,某些种的成立还有商榷的余地,ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ对确定疑难种属的地位有重要的意义。３属８种１６个菌株的ＲＡＰＤ结果表明,种内图谱相同或图谱类型相同,而种间明显不同,揭示出过去所划分的种的确存在本质的差别,但是否达到种级的差别还有待于进一步研究     

A new sterigmatocystin-producing Emericella variant from agricultural desert soils

An unusual, sterigmatocystin-producing taxon with characteristics of both Emericella nidulans (anamorph Aspergillus nidulans) and Emericella rugulosa (anamorph Aspergillus rugulovalvus, formerly A. rugulosus) was isolated repeatedly during a mycofloral survey of desert cotton field soils where aflatoxin is a chronic problem. Members of this taxon had ascospores with smooth convex walls like E. nidulans but grew slowly like E. rugulosa; moreover, they were similar to an industrial echinocandin B-producing strain which had been classified as "Aspergillus nidulans var. roseus." These new desert isolates were compared with "A. nidulans var. roseus" and representative wild-type isolates of E. nidulans and E. rugulosa using traditional morphological characters, secondary metabolite profiles of mycelial extracts, and Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA. The desert isolates and "A. nidulans var. roseus shared morphological, physiological and molecular characters with E. rugulosa. These isolates constitute a new non-rugulose variant of E. rugulosa.     

广西爵床科植物新资料

本文报道广西爵床科３３个新分类群,４个新组合,８个中国新记录,１３个广西新记录,１种花的补充描述和１种花萼描述的修订     

Genotoxicity of fungi evaluated by SOS microplate assay.

By an introduction of sodium dodecylsulfate for cell lysis and immunomicroplate for mass assay, the modified SOS microplate assay method was established and applied for the evaluation of genotoxicity of mycotoxins and fungal cultures. Among 20 mycotoxins, the carcinogenic dihydrobisfuranoids such as aflatoxin B1, sterigmatocystin, and versicolorin A were positive in the presence of the activation system. While, the carcinogenic anthraquinones and lactones such as luteoskyrin, rugulosin, ochratoxin A, patulin, and citrinin were negative. The survey on genotoxic fungi revealed that, among 15 fungal isolates Aspergillus versicolor, Emericella acristata, and others were positive. Additional survey on 265 fungal isolates have revealed that various Aspergillus genera such as A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. ustus, A. nidulans, and others were positive for SOS induction, along with several isolates of Fusarium moniliforme. The chemical analysis revealed that the dihydrobisfuranoids such as aflatoxin B1, and sterigmatocystin were the major genotoxic metabolites of several Aspergillus species. The SOS microplate assay system is a simple and rapid procedure for the mass screening of genotoxic fungi, particularly of the dihydrobisfuranoids-producing strains.