中国悠背蚱属一新种记述(直翅目,蚱总科,蚱科)

记述采自广西九万山地区悠背蚱属1新种,即拟毛股悠背蚱,新种 Euparatettix barbifemuraoides sp.nov..模式标本保存在陕西师范大学动物研究所标本室.拟毛股悠背蚱.新种 Euparatettix barbifemuraoides sp.nov.(图1～2)新种近似于Euparatettix gongshanensis Zheng,1992,主要区别为:1)头顶前缘不突出于复眼之前;2)沟前区侧隆线向后收缩;3)前胸背板侧缘在肩后略收缩;4)前足及中足股节下缘多长毛.新种与毛股悠背蚱Euparatettix barbifenura Zheng et Ou,2003,相似,但它的前胸背板后突超过后足股节的顶端及后翅超过前胸背板后突的顶端.正模♂,广西罗城(九万山),700m,2006-07-21,邓维安采;副模3♂♂;广西罗城(九万山),500m,2007-06-08.秦晶晶采.     

郑蚱属的分类研究(直翅目,蚱总科,刺翼蚱科)

系统地研究郑蚱属种类,共计有5种,其中有1新种,黑股郑蚱Zhengitettix nigrofemurus sp.nov.。文中记述每个种的引证和分布地区,并附有分种检索表。模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室。黑股郑蚱,新种Zhengitettix nigrofemurus sp.nov.(图1～2)新种与横刺郑蚱Zhengitettix transpicula Zheng et Jiang,2002相似,主要区别为:颜面隆起纵沟狭于触角基节的宽度;触角着生于复眼下缘之下;中单眼位于复眼下1/3处;中足股节的宽度宽于前翅的宽度;后足跗节第1节下之第3节大于1、2节;后足胫节褐色。正模♂,贵州三都(尧人山),700m,2008-08-23,邓维安采;副模1♂,同正模。     

甘肃省蚱科--新种记述(直翅目:蚱总科)

记述了采自甘肃省蚱科一新种,即圆肩蚱（Tetrix tereeshumerus sp．nov．）。该新种近似于神农架蚱（Tetrix shenglonjiaensis Zheng,Li and Wei）,主要区别为：（1）头顶宽为1眼宽的2倍;（2）头顶前缘圆弧形,明显突出于眼前;（3）侧面观,颜面隆起在侧单眼前直;（4）前胸背板后突到达后足股节2／3处;（5）沟前区侧隆线平行;（6）肩角圆弧形;（7）肩部之间不具一对短纵隆线;（8）后翅到达后足股节中部;（9）中足股节明显大于前翅宽;（10）雌性下生殖板长大于宽。新种的模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所。     

中国玛蚱属一新种记述(直翅目:蚱总科:短翼蚱科)

记述采自广西地区短翼蚱科玛蚱属Mazarredia Bolivar 1新种:黑翅玛蚱Mazarredia nigripennis, sp. nov.。该新种近似于短背玛蚱Mazarredia brachynota Zheng,主要区别为:1)颜面隆起纵沟狭于触角基节的宽度;2)在肩部之间具1对短纵隆线;3)背板后突到达后足胫节基部;4)后翅到达后突的顶端;5)中足股节宽于前翅能见部分的宽度。模式标本保存在陕西师范大学动物研究所标本室(2♂♂)和河池学院动物标本室(1♂)。     

广西玛蚱属-新种记述（直翅目：蚱总科：短翼蚱科）

记述采自广西巴马地区短翼蚱科玛蚱属Mazarredia Bolivar昆虫1新种,即巴马玛蚱Mazarredia bamaensis sp. nov。该新种近似于黑石顶玛蚱Mazarredia heishidingensis Zheng et Xie,主要区别为：（1）侧面观颜面隆起与头顶成圆形;（2）颜面隆起纵沟狭于触角基节的宽度;（3）背板后突到达后足胫节1/3处;（4）背板侧缘在肩后略收缩;（5）侧面观背板上缘全长呈波状;（6）第1跗节下3个肉垫顶尖。模式标本保存在陕西师范大学动物研究所标本室（2♂）和河池学院动物标本室（1♂）。     

中国突眼蚱属一新种记述(直翅目,蚱总科,蚱科)

记述采自广西突眼蚱属Ergatettix1新种,即齿股突眼蚱Ergatettix serrifemora sp.nov.,并编制了中国突眼蚱属的分种检索表。正模保存在陕西师范大学动物研究所标本室,其它副模标本保存在陕西师范大学动物研究所标本室(2 ♂♂,4♀♀)和河池学院动物标本室(1 ♂,1♀)。齿股突眼蚱,新种Ergatettix serrifemora sp.nov.(图1 ~4)本种近似于短背突眼蚱Ergatettix brachynotus Zheng et Liang,1993 ,主要区别为: 1)头顶宽狭于1复眼; 2)前胸背板沟前区侧隆线向后收缩; 3)中足股节下缘平直; 4)后足股节上侧中隆线具大锯齿,膝前齿大。正模♀,广西罗城(宝坛) , 600m, 2006-04-29 ,邓维安采;副模, 3 ♂♂,5♀♀,邓维安、韦仕珍采,其它同正模。     

云南东部蚱属一新种记述（直翅目：蚱总科：蚱科）

记述采自云南东部地区蚱属1新种,即南盘江蚱Tetrix nanpanfiangensis,sp．nov．。该新种近似于桂北蚱Tetrix guibeiensis Zheng,Lu and Li,2000,主要区别为本新种：1）侧观头顶与颜面隆起成直角形;2）颜面隆起在侧单眼处略凹陷;3）前胸背板前缘平直：4）侧观背板上缘肩前弧形,其后平直;5）肩部不具1对短纵隆线;6）第1跗节下之第3垫大于第1、2垫。新种与丁氏蚱Tetrix tinkhami Zheng et Liang,1998也近似,但新种后翅不到达后突的顶端,中足股节宽度明显狭于前翅宽。 正模：♂,云南陆良县,25．1°N,103．8°E,2000m,2006-Ⅷ-10,邓维安采;副模：3♂♂,9♀♀,同正模;3♂♂,3♀♀,云南沾益县,25．6°N,103．8°E,2000m,2006-Ⅷ-12,邓维安采：4♂♂,4♀♀,云南宣威市,26．2°N,104．1°E,2000m,2006-Ⅷ-14,邓维安采。 模式标本保存在陕西师范大学动物研究所标本室（7♂♂10♀♀）和河池学院动物标本室（3♂♂7♀♀）。     

浙江突眼蚱属一新种(直翅目,蚱总科,蚱科)

记述采自中国浙江蚱科突眼蚱属Ergatettix Kirby,1914 1新种,浙江突眼蚱Ergatettix zhejiangensis sp.nov..新种同突眼蚱Ergatettix dorsifera(Walker,1871)近似,其区别特征为:头顶宽大于复眼宽;前胸背板中隆线明显呈波状,具8个波;颜面隆起纵沟两侧隆线平行;后足股节长为最宽处的3.0倍.模式标本保存于河北大学生命科学学院.     

中国云南省怒江峡谷短翼蚱科二新种(直翅目)

记述釆自云南省怒江峡谷地区短翼蚱科2新种,即突眼狭顶蚱Systolederus oculatus sp.nov.及高黎贡山波蚱Bolivaritettix gaoligongshanensis sp.nov.。突眼狭顶蚱近似于广西狭顶蚱Systolederus guangxiensis Zheng etJiang,1998及峨眉狭顶蚱Systolederus emeiensis Zheng,1998。突眼狭顶蚱与两种的区别为:1)侧面观前胸背板上缘平直;2)前胸背板后突到达后足胫节顶末端;3)雌性下生埴板后缘具3齿;4)后足胫节黑色,具淡色环。区别于广西狭顶蚱为:1)前胸背板前缘中央微凹;2)肩部之间不具1对短纵隆线。其又区别于峨眉狭顶蚱为:1)前胸背板中隆线全长明显;2)后翅到达后突的顶末端。高黎贡山波蚱近似于九万山波蚱Bolivaritettix juwanshanensis Zheng,2005及宽顶波蚱Bolivaritettix lativertex Brunner von Wattenwyl,1893。主要区别于二者为:1)颜面隆起纵沟宽狭于触角基节宽;2)肩角圆形;3)后突到达后足胫节2/3处;4)中足股节宽狭于前翅宽;5)后足股节上侧中隆线后段具3个突起。其又区别于九万山波蚱为:1)头顶宽为1眼宽的1.5倍;2)侧面观前胸背板上缘平直;3)后翅到达后突顶末端。     

中国蚱属一新种记述（直翅目：蚱科：蚱亚科）

记述蚱属1新种:苍山蚱Tetrix cangshanensis sp.nov.,提供了新种的形态特征照片图.苍山蚱Tetrix cangshanensis sp.nov.与拟二斑蚱T.parabipunctata Zheng&Ou,2004和二斑蚱T.bipunctata(Linnaeus,1758)相似,但以直的颜面隆起,较高的触角着生位置和直的前胸背板前缘区别于后二者,同时以较短的后翅区别于拟二斑蚱;还以较狭的颜面隆起纵沟,向内收缩的沟前区侧隆线和波曲的中足股节下缘区别于二斑蚱.     

中国微翅蚱属的分类研究（直翅目：蚱总科：蚱科）

记述分布于我国的微翅蚱属11种,其中有2新种：秦岭微翅蚱Alulatettix qinlingensis sp.nov.和断隆微翅蚱Alulatettix interrupta sp.nov.,附有分种检索表和种类分布情况。模式标本保存在陕西师范大学动物研究所标本室。     

Three New Species of the Genus Alulatettix Liang from China (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae)

Characters of the tetrigid genus Alulatettix Liang are redescribed. Three new species, Alulatettix nigromarginalis n. sp., Alulatettix flavotibialis n. sp., and Alulatettix tianzhushanensis n. sp., are described. An updated key to the species of this genus is provided.     

湖北省蚱科二新种（直翅目：蚱总科）

This paper reports two new species of Tetrigidae (Orthoptera: Tetrigoidea) from Hubei Province, China. They are Alulatettix wufengensis, sp. nov. and Formosatettix hubeiensis, sp. nov.. The type specimens are deposited in Institute of Zoology, Shaanxi Normal University.     

Complete mitochondrial genome of the groundhopper Alulatettix yunnanensis (Insecta: Orthoptera: Tetrigoidea)

In this work, we sequenced the first complete mitochondrial genome of Tetrigoidea species, Alulatettix yunnanensis. The circle genome (15,104 bp) consists of 13 protein-coding, 22 transfer RNA, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and an A+T-rich region. It has the typical invertebrate mitochondrial gene arrangement.     

湖北省微翅蚱属一新种(直翅目:蚱总科)

本文报道采自湖北省武当山地区微翅蚱属一新种。武当山微翅蚱Alulatettixwudangshanemsissp.nov.,该新种近似于云南微翅蚱AlulatettixyunnanensisLiang,主要区别为颜面隆起侧面观在侧单眼处明显凹陷;前胸背板上缘中央略凹陷,前线几平直,后突顶端中央凹陷;前、中足股节下缘波状。     

Quadruplexes of human telomere DNA analogs designed to contain G:A:G:A,G:G:A:A,and A:A:A:A tetrads

Replacement of two to four guanines by adenines in the human telomere DNA repeat dG₃(TTAG₃)₃ did not hinder the formation of quadruplexes if the substitutions took place in the terminal tetrad bridged by the diagonal loop of the intramolecular antiparallel three‐tetrad scaffold, as proved by CD and PAGE in both Na⁺ and K⁺ solutions. Thermodynamic data showed that, in Na⁺ solution, the dG₃(TTAG₃)₃ quadruplex was destabilized, the least by the two G:A:G:A tetrads, the most by the G:G:A:A tetrad in which the adenosines replaced syn‐guanosines. In physiological K⁺ solution, the highest destabilization was caused by the 4A tetrad. In K⁺, only the unmodified dG₃(TTAG₃)₃ quadruplex rearranged into a K⁺‐dependent quadruplex form, none of the multiple adenine‐modified structures did so. This may imply biological consequences for nonrepaired A‐for‐G mutations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 93: 880–886, 2010.     

Oka: Behind the Barricades: Kanehsatake: 270 Years of Resistance: Spudwrench: Kahnawake Man: My Name is Kahentiiosta: Acts of Defiance

Oka: Behind the Barricades. 1998. 312 minutes. For more information contact the National Film Board of Canada, 3155 Côte de Lisse Rd., St. Laurent, Quebec H4N 2N4. Series of four videos:
Kanehsatake: 270 Years of Resistance. 1993. 120 minutes. Directed by Alanis Obomsawin .
Spudwrench: Kahnawake Man. 1997. 58 minutes. Directed by Alanis Obomsawin .
My Name is Kahentiiosta. 1995. 30 minutes. Directed by Alanis Obomsawin .
Acts of Defiance. 1992. 104 minutes. Directed by Alec MacLeod .     

A dimeric RNA quadruplex architecture comprised of two G:G(:A):G:G(:A) hexads,G:G:G:G tetrads and UUUU loops

Using CD and NMR, we determined the structure of an RNA oligomer, r(GGAGGUUUUGGAGG) (R14), comprising two GGAGG segments joined by a UUUU segment. A modified quadruplex structure was observed for r(GGAGGUUUUGGAGG) in solution even in the absence of K(+). An unusually stable dimeric RNA quadruplex architecture formed from two strands of r(GGAGGUUUUGGAGG) at low K(+) concentration is reported here. In each strand of r(GGAGGUUUUGGAGG), two sets of successive turns in the GGAGG segments and turns at both ends of the UUUU loops drive four G-G steps to align in a parallel manner, a core with two stacked G-tetrads being formed. Two adenine bases bind to two edges of one G:G:G:G tetrad through the sheared G:A mismatch augmenting the tetrad into a G:G(:A):G:G(:A) hexad. Thus, one molecule of r(GGAGGUUUUGGAGG) folds into a modified quadruplex comprising a G:G:G:G tetrad, a UUUU double-chain reversal loop and a G:G(:A):G:G(:A) hexad. Two such molecules further associate by stacking through the dimeric hexad-hexad interface with a rotational symmetry. The ribose rings of most nucleotides take S (close to C2'-endo) puckering, which is unusual for an RNA. K(+) can increase the stability of this quadruplex structure; the number of bound K(+) was estimated from the results of the titration experiment. Besides G:G and G:A mismatches, a network of hydrogen bonds including O4'-NH(2) and C-H..O hydrogen bonds, and the extensive base stacking contribute to the high thermodynamic stability of R14. Our results could provide the stereochemical and thermodynamic basis for elucidating the biological role of the GGAGG-containing RNA segments abundantly existing in various RNAs. Relevance to quadruplex-mediated mRNA-FMRP binding and HIV-1 genome RNA dimerization is discussed.     

Experimental demonstration of T:(G:G:G:G):T hexad and T:A:A:T tetrad alignments within a DNA quadruplex stem

A template-based approach was used to design unprecedented architectural motifs into a known DNA framework. The structure formed by the sequence d(GCGGTTGGAT) in 0.1 M Na(+) solution has been determined using molecular dynamics simulations constrained by distance and dihedral restraints derived from NMR experiments. The molecular topology has been previously observed for the sequence d(GCGGTGGAT) (Webba da Silva, M. (2003) Biochemistry 42, 14356-65). Insertion of a single thymine into the double chain reversal formed by the segment GGTGG results in the unprecedented experimental demonstration of a T:(G:G:G:G):T hexad. The bi-stranded hexad results from the pairing alignment of two G(T-G) triads. Each triad results from recognition of the sheared edge of a guanine by the Watson-Crick edge of a thymine of the segment GGTTGG. The alignment is stabilized by base-stacking of the thymine to the sugar pucker of the preceding thymine. The latter is involved in formation of the T:A:A:T tetrad alignment by forming a hydrogen bond with the free amino proton of a Watson-Crick aligned A:A mispair. We have thus established that residues in double chain reversal loops linking juxtaposed tetrads of a quadruplex stem may facilitate formation of yet unknown hydrogen bond alignments. By employing a systematic approach analysis of sequence motifs appearing in double chain reversals, bridging tetrad layers should allow for the prediction of topologies and architectural motifs appearing in biologically relevant genomic regions.     

Hormone interactions and regulation of PsPK2::GUS compared with DR5::GUS and PID::GUS in Arabidopsis thaliana

The putative pea PINOID homolog, PsPK2, is expressed in all growing plant parts and is positively regulated by auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin. Here, we studied hormonal regulation of PsPK2::GUS expression compared with DR5::GUS and PID::GUS in Arabidopsis. PsPK2::GUS, DR5::GUS, and PID::GUS expression in Arabidopsis shoots is mainly localized in the stipules, hydathodes, veins, developing leaves, and cotyledons. Unlike DR5::GUS, PsPK2::GUS, and PID::GUS are weakly expressed in root tips. Both DR5::GUS and PsPK2::GUS are induced by different auxins and are more sensitive to methyl indole acetic acid, 4-chloro-indole acetic acid, and α-naphthalene acetic acid than others. GA(3) has no significant effect on GUS activity in DR5::GUS-transformed seedlings compared to the control, but induction by auxin and gibberellin in combination is synergistic. Cytokinin increases auxin transport in Arabidopsis seedlings. Auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin all increase GUS activity in shoots of PsPK2::GUS transformed plants compared to the control. However, only auxin and gibberellin increase GUS activity in PID::GUS shoots. In conclusion, auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin positively regulate PsPK2 expression in shoots, but not in roots. Auxin and gibberellin also upregulate AtPIN1 and LEAFY expression, which is similar to PsPIN1 and Uni in pea. With minor exceptions, the orthologous genes from both species are regulated similarly.