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1.
河北省塞罕坝保护区天然植物群落数量分类   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
运用双向指示种(TWINSPAN)和除趋势典范对应分析(DCCA)等方法定量分析了河北省塞罕坝保护区天然植物群落分布与环境因子的关系.结果表明: 塞罕坝保护区天然植物群落可划分为8种类型,即地榆+异穗苔草+金莲花群落、地榆+老芒麦+毛蕊老鹳草群落、披针叶苔草+铁丝草群落、柔毛绣线菊-铁杆蒿群落、山杏+柔毛绣线菊-铁杆蒿+披针叶苔草群落、蒙古栎+硕桦-胡枝子+柔毛绣线菊-披针叶苔草群落、白桦+山杨-毛榛+山刺玫-糙苏+披针叶苔草+唐松草群落、云杉+白桦-山刺玫+河北柳-披针叶苔草+节节草群落;DCCA分析表明,坡位和土壤养分是影响塞罕坝保护区天然植物群落空间分布的主要因子.地形、空间和土壤因子解释了物种格局变异的34.02%,其中,土壤因子占15.67%,地形因子占10.05%,空间因子占6.00%.在各类因子间的交互作用(2.30%)中,土壤和地形因子的交互作用最大(0.93%),土壤、地形和空间因子三者的交互作用最小(0.16%).65.98%未能解释的部分,可能归因于未被选取的因子如种间的协同和竞争作用或者人为干扰.  相似文献   

2.
Subtilisin‐like proteases (or subtilases) are a very diverse family of serine peptidases present in many organisms, but mostly in plants. With a broad spectrum of biological functions, ranging from protein turnover and plant development to interactions with the environment, subtilases have been gaining increasing attention with regard to their involvement in plant defence responses against the most diverse pathogens. Over the last 5 years, the number of published studies associating plant subtilases with pathogen resistance and plant immunity has increased tremendously. In addition, the observation of subtilases and serine protease inhibitors secreted by pathogens has also gained prominence. In this review, we focus on the active participation of subtilases in the interactions established by plants with the environment, highlighting their role in plant–pathogen communication.  相似文献   

3.
Culture media and environmental factors may significantly influence the yield of haploid plants from anther cultures. Our objectives were to identify a combination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and indoleacetic acid (IAA) concentrations which produce the maximum number of haploid plants, and to evaluate the effects of duration in induction medium on calli induction, plant regeneration, and green plant production from anther cultures in spring wheat. Significant (P ≤ 0.01) plant growth regulator concentration effects (2,4-D and IAA) were observed on the number of calli, green plants and albino plants produced, and on direct plant regeneration. Addition of 2,4-D to the induction medium resulted in significantly (P ≤ 0.01) higher means for all anther culture components compared to IAA> While addition of 2,4-D significantly (P ≤ 0.01) reduced plant regeneration, it substantially increased green plant percentage at a 0.3-mg l−1 concentration of IAA. Use of response functions to estimate the maximum effective 2,4-D × IAA combination implied that higher 2,4-D levels in the induction medium should be investigated, and that the optimum hormone combination differs for plant regeneration and green plant percentage. Significant (P ≤ 0.01) effects of duration on callus induction medium were observed for plant regeneration and green plant percentage.  相似文献   

4.
该研究以桂林岩溶石山不同坡向的植物群落为对象,探讨植物功能性状(比叶面积、叶绿素含量、木材密度和环境因子随坡向的变化规律。结果表明:比叶面积和叶绿素含量为阴坡半阴坡阳坡,阴坡和半阴坡分别与阳坡差异性显著;木材密度为阴坡半阴坡阳坡,阴坡、半阴坡分别与阳坡差异性显著。土壤有机质含量表现为阴坡大于阳坡,且阴坡与阳坡差异性显著;土壤全磷、土壤有效磷均表现为阳坡含量最高,且阴坡与阳坡差异性显著;土壤有效钾、土壤全钾则分别为阴坡、半阴坡含量最高,土壤全钾含量在各坡向上差异均显著,而土壤有效钾则为阴坡、半阴坡与阳坡均差异性显著。回归分析表明群落水平比叶面积在阴坡和半阴坡上与土壤有机质含量呈显著负相关;群落水平叶绿素含量与土壤全磷含量和土壤有效钾含量在阴坡上呈显著正相关;在不同坡向梯度上群落水平木材密度与环境因子无相关性。群落水平上植物功能性状随坡向的变化规律,反映了岩溶石山植物群落构建过程中环境对功能性状的筛选效应。  相似文献   

5.
6.
植物在应对不同环境胁迫时会做出不同的应对措施,其中一种常见的方式是产生次生代谢产物。萜类化合物为植物次生代谢产物中种类最多、结构最复杂的一类化合物,几乎存在于所有植物中,发挥着重要的生物功能,很多具有显著的药理活性,如免疫调节、抗肿瘤、降血脂、保肝等。该文对近年来国内外有关环境温度、紫外线辐射、光照、干旱、臭氧及植物生长发育阶段等环境因素对植物萜类化合物合成影响的研究进展进行综述,探究植物萜类化合物受环境因子影响产生应激反应的一般性规律。  相似文献   

7.
甘南玛曲植物群落的多元分析与环境解释   总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22  
王孝安 《生态学报》1997,17(1):61-65
应用无偏对应分析(DCA)及二岐指示种分析(TWINSPAN)对玛曲178个植物群落样方资料进行了多斐邓和数量分类,并应用植物群落的排序值与环境参数的多元回归分析出各群类型的定量环境解释,探讨了该区植物群的基本类型生态梯度及其与环境因子的定量关系。结果表明,玛曲的植物群落类型及基分布主要取惟地热量和湿度,并可通过环境参数地数字表达式定量地确定。  相似文献   

8.
植物功能性状是植物适应环境的外在表达,反映了植物在不同环境中的生存策略,探究干旱区荒漠植物功能性状及其与环境之间的关系,有助于理解植物适应极端干旱环境的生态对策,为保护荒漠地区生态系统提供理论依据。以柴达木盆地为研究区,选取8个植物功能性状指标,包含4种植物生活型,10种荒漠植物,探究荒漠植物功能性状的基本特征及其对环境因子的响应。研究表明:柴达木盆地植物叶片碳含量(LCC)、叶片氮含量(LNC)、叶片磷含量(LPC)、叶片C∶N、叶片N∶P、叶片稳定碳同位素(Leafδ13C)、叶片干物质含量(LDMC)和植株高度(Height)的变化范围分别为272.07—466.00mg/g、12.40—44.50mg/g、0.51—2.07mg/g、8.62—29.74、11.37—39.29、-27.38‰—-14.80‰、100—480mg/g、3.00—264.22cm。不同生活型间LNC、LPC、叶片N∶P和LDMC差异不显著,LCC、叶片C∶N、叶片δ13C和植株高度存在显著差异。LNC、LPC和叶片N∶P与全球、中国和青藏高原相比不存在显...  相似文献   

9.
《植物生态学报》2017,41(2):209
Aims Gross caloric value (GCV) reflected plants’ capability of converting solar energy. It provided a reliable indicator of plants’ adaptations to environments in perspective of energy conversion and fixation. The aims of this study were (1) to illustrate the characteristics of GCV of aquatic plants on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, (2) to explore the geographical and environmental patterns and (3) to discuss the underlying mechanisms in forming the patterns.
Methods In July and August 2015, we collected 533 samples of aquatic plants’ leaves in 143 field sites on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, and measured their GCV using SDACM-4000 oxygen bomb calorimeter. Together with mean annual temperature (MAT) of climatic factor and properties of water body, this study compared the differences of GCV among submerged, emergent and floating-leaved plants by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s HSD. We further regressed GCV of submerged and emergent plants against geographical and climatic factors and properties of water body by simple regression to explore the relative effects of environmental factors on GCV.
Important findings On the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, the mean GCV was (15.95 ± 3.90) kJ·g-1. Among the three life forms, the rank of GCV was the emergent plants (18.10 kJ·g-1) > the floating-leaved plants (16.77 kJ·g-1) > the submerged plants (14.31 kJ·g-1). With an increasing latitude, the GCV of emergent and submerged plants increased. Only GCV of emergent plants decreased with increasing altitude and temperature. The GCV of emergent and submerged plants increased with increased water salinity. Dissolved oxygen had significant negative effects on emergent plants, while pH value had no significant effects.  相似文献   

10.
郑颖  温仲明  宋光  丁曼 《生态学报》2014,34(10):2682-2692
研究环境筛选作用和植物系统发育背景对植物群落构建产生的影响,有助于理解植物在生长过程中对资源的分配利用和对环境的适应规律。以延河流域3个植被带(森林带、森林草原带及典型草原带)稳定的自然植物群落为研究对象,调查了31个样地107种植物,隶属于35个科78个属,测量了6种叶片和3种细根性状。分别对3个植被带和不同植物科植物的叶片和细根性状做单因素方差分析,结果表明:叶片氮含量和细根氮含量在3个植被带间无显著差异,叶厚度、比叶面积、叶组织密度、叶片磷含量、叶片氮磷比、比根长、根组织密度在3个植被带间差异极显著。由南向北随着气候干旱的加剧,植物通过调节叶片和细根性状,表现出了不同的适应策略:森林带植物叶片相对生长速率高,根系防御力强;森林草原带植物叶片防御力强,根系相对生长速率快。不同科的植物在相同的环境条件下,对于资源的竞争力和胁迫的忍耐力也有所不同,比如豆科植物具有远远高于其他科的叶片和细根氮含量,但是对养分的利用效率并不高。GLM分析结果说明,所涉及的植物功能性状的空间变异主要来自于年均降雨量的变化及植物科的差异,如16.26%的比叶面积的变异可由年均降雨量变化解释,4.02%可由植物科的差异解释。物种水平上,叶厚度、比叶面积、叶组织密度、比根长、根组织密度、叶片磷含量是对气候干燥度变化响应敏感的植物功能性状,其空间变异主要由环境差异所致。延河流域的植物群落在形成过程中,存在明显的环境筛选效应。这表明,环境异质性在植被恢复实践中必须予以考虑。  相似文献   

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