参麦注射液辅助治疗慢性心衰患者的临床疗效观察

目的:评价参麦注射液辅助治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭(congestive heart failure,CHF)的临床疗效,并探讨其对患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,hsCRP)及脑钠肽(brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)水平的影响.方法:选择心功能Ⅱ～Ⅳ级(NYHA)的CHF患者120例,随机分为对照组和治疗组(每组60例),两组患者均予常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上静滴参麦注射液,两组均治疗15天,检测和比较两组治疗前后患者的血清hsCRP、BNP水平和心脏超声测定左心室射血分数(LVEF)及左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDd).结果:对照组和治疗组的心功能临床有效率分别为73.7％和88.7％,治疗组显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗后,两组LVEF均较治疗前明显升高(P＜0.05),LVEDd均较治疗前明显缩小(P＜0.05),且治疗组与对照组相比有统计学差异(P＜0.05).而治疗后,两组血浆BNP和hsCRP水平均较治疗前显著下降(P＜0.01),且治疗组显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).两组治疗过程中均无明显不良反应发生.结论:参麦注射液辅助治疗CHF的疗效较常规治疗更好,可显著降低患者血清hsCRP、BNP水平,改善左室功能.     

左卡尼汀对慢性心力衰竭患者心功能的影响

目的:探讨左卡尼汀辅助治疗慢性心力衰竭的疗效及其安全性.方法:选取我科慢性心力衰竭住院患者60例,随机分为左卡尼汀治疗组和对照组.两组均接受利尿剂、洋地黄等常规抗心衰治疗,左卡尼汀治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用左卡尼汀3g/次,每天一次,连续静脉注射7d.治疗前后测定和比较两组患者的血清半乳糖凝集素3和脑钠尿肽(BNP)水平、6min最大步行距离(6MWT)、左室射血分数(LVEF)及心功能.结果:治疗前,两组Galectin-3、BNP水平、LVEF、6min最大步行距离比较均无统计学差异(P＞0.05).治疗后,两组Galectin-3、BNP水平均分别显著低于治疗前,而LVEF、6min最大步行距离均分别显著高于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且左卡尼汀治疗组Galectin-3、BNP水平显著低于对照组,而LVEF、6 min最大步行距离显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗后,左卡尼汀治疗组和对照组的治疗总有效率分别为96.7％和80％,左卡尼汀治疗组显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).两组不良反应的发生情况比较无明显统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:常规治疗的基础上联合左卡尼汀可以显著改善心衰患者的心功能,增加其运动耐量,改善患者的预后,且无明显不良反应,值得在临床上推广应用.     

胺碘酮联合厄贝沙坦对慢性心功能不全合并阵发性房颤的临床效果观察

目的:评价胺碘酮联合厄贝沙坦治疗慢性心功能不全合并阵发性房颤的临床疗效及安全性.方法:选择我院收治的慢性心衰合并阵发性房颤患者167例,均使用胺碘酮维持窦性心律,根据患者是否加用厄贝沙坦分为治疗组及对照组.治疗一年后,观察和比较两组患者的心衰住院率、左室射血分数、左房内径、心功能分级情况,通过动态心电图评估窦性心律维持率、房颤复发率.结果:治疗后,治疗组房颤的复发率、慢性房颤的发生率均明显低于对照组,窦性心律维持率明显高于对照组,左房内径较对照组明显减小,心衰住院率明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);对照组左房内径较治疗前明显扩大(P＜0.05),两组患者在心功能分级方面较治疗前均有明显改善(P＜0.05),但两组之间心功能分级比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05).两组不良反应(甲状腺功能异常、肝功能异常、肺纤维化、低血压)的发生率比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:胺碘酮联合厄贝沙坦治疗慢性心功能不全伴阵发性房颤的患者,能较好的维持窦性心律,降低心衰住院率,对心脏重构有较好的改善作用,且具有良好的安全性.     

小剂量多巴胺联合米力农对顽固性心力衰竭的疗效及对心功能的影响

目的:探讨小剂量多巴胺联合米力农对顽固性心力衰竭的疗效及对心功能的影响。方法:选取2014年7月-2016年7月我院老年病科、心血管科二区收治的顽固性心力衰竭患者160例,给予常规抗心衰治疗的80例记为对照组,在对照组基础上加用小剂量多巴胺联合米力农治疗的80例记为观察组,疗程均为7 d。比较两组患者的疗效;比较两组患者的左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB);比较两组患者治疗前后血清NT-pro BNP水平。结果:观察组总有效率为96.25%,显著高于对照组的66.25%(P0.05);治疗前两组LVEF、LVEDD、CK、CK-MB比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组治疗后的LVEF较对照组升高,LVEDD、CK、CK-MB较对照组降低(P0.05);治疗前两组患者血清NT-pro BNP水平无显著差异(P0.05)。经过治疗后,两组患者血清NT-pro BNP水平显著下降(P0.05),治疗后观察组血清NT-pro BNP水平显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:小剂量多巴胺联合米力农治疗顽固性心力衰竭疗效显著,有助于心功能的恢复,显著降低患者血清NT-pro BNP水平,值得临床应用。     

慢性心力衰竭患者彩色多普勒超声心功能参数与血清同型半胱氨酸水平的相关性研究

目的:探讨慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者彩色多普勒超声的心功能参数与血清同型半胱氨酸水平的相关性。方法:选取2016年2月至2017年6月期间我院收治的CHF患者73例作为研究组,选取同期体检的健康志愿者70例作为对照组。检测两组血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)及氨基末端B型利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平,采用彩色多普勒超声测定两组心脏左室射血分数(LVEF)及左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)。分析CHF患者血清Hcy水平与NT-proBNP、LVEF、LVEDd的相关性,观察不同血清Hcy水平CHF患者心血管事件发生情况。结果:研究组血清Hcy、NT-proBNP及LVEDd显著高于对照组,LVEF显著低于对照组(P0.05)。Ⅳ级患者血清Hcy、NT-proBNP、LVEDd水平高于Ⅱ级与Ⅲ级,且Ⅲ级高于Ⅱ级(P0.05);Ⅳ级患者LVEF水平低于Ⅱ级与Ⅲ级,且Ⅲ级低于Ⅱ级(P0.05)。由Pearson相关性分析可得,CHF患者血清Hcy水平与血清NT-proBNP、LVEDd呈正相关,与LVEF呈负相关(P0.05)。血清Hcy水平高于25μmol/L的患者心血管事件发生率为31.43%,血清Hcy水平在15μmol/L-25μmol/L范围内的患者心血管事件发生率为10.53%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:CHF患者血清Hcy、NT-proBNP、LVEDd随心功能恶化程度增加而升高,LVEF随之降低,且Hcy水平越高,患者预后越差。     

小剂量甲状腺素联合厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪治疗老年重症心力衰竭的效果观察

目的:探究使用小剂量甲状腺素联合厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪治疗老年重症心力衰竭(CHF)中的治疗效果。方法:将37例本院老年CHF患者随机分做实验组(19例)及对照组(18例)。对照组予厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪片及美托洛尔治疗;实验组予厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪片、美托洛尔及左旋甲状腺素钠片治疗。对比治疗前后两组患者心力衰竭症状、心功能及甲状腺素水平的变化。结果:实验组总有效率(94.7%)高于对照组(77.8%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者左心室射血分数(LVEF)水平及胱抑素C水平增加,纽约心脏病协会分级(NYHA)及B型脑钠肽水平均降低(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组LVEF及胱抑素C水平较高,NYHA分级及B型脑钠肽水平较低,差异存在统计学意义(P0.05);两组血清三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、血清甲状腺素(T4)水平均升高(P0.05),与对照组相比,实验组血清T3、T4水平较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:小剂量甲状腺素联合厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪治疗老年CHF的效果显著,可以明显改善心力衰竭症状、提高LVEF水平,降低NYHA分级及血清中B型脑钠肽水平。     

卡维地洛联合厄贝沙坦治疗慢性心功能不全的疗效及对IL-6的影响

目的:探讨卡维地洛联合厄贝沙坦治疗慢性心功能不全的疗效及对血浆IL-6的影响。方法:选择64例慢性心功能不全患者采用平行对照法随机分为治疗组和对照组各32例,对照组给予血管扩张剂、利尿剂和强心剂等基础用药进行常规治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用卡维地洛联合厄贝沙坦进行治疗,疗程均为4周,观察两组患者的临床疗效、心功能分级和血浆IL-6水平变化情况。结果:4周疗程后,观察组总有效率为84.38%显著高于对照组的59.38%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);心功能分级变化情况显示,治疗后两组患者心功能分级状况都有所变化,症状得到改善。与对照组相比观察组I级患者数量明显增加,III级数量减少,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后两组患者IL-6水平均下降,且左室射血分数(LVEF)值升高,与对照组相比观察组患者指标水平变化明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:在常规用药基础上加用卡维地洛和厄贝沙坦,可改善慢性心功能不全症状,降低IL-6水平,临床疗效显著。     

螺内酯对充血性心衰患者心功能和血浆脑钠肽的影响

目的:观察螺内酯治疗充血性心力衰竭患者前后心功能和脑钠肽的变化及临床意义.方法:选取2008-2010年沈阳军区总医院心内科门诊的充血性心力衰竭患者70例,随机分为螺内酯治疗组和对照组,对照组采用常规内科治疗.螺内酯治疗组在常规内科治疗的基础上加用螺内酯治疗.结果:两组治疗前左室收缩末期容积(LVESV),左心室射血分数(LVEF),血浆BNP水平比较无差异(P＞0.05),治疗后两组LVESV,血浆BNP明显下降,LVEF水平明显升高(P＜0.05).螺内酯治疗组临床疗效高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:螺内酯可以改善充血性心力衰竭患者的心脏功能.     

小剂量螺内酯联合美托洛尔对慢性心力衰竭患者血浆NT-p roBNP、CRP水平及心功能的影响

目的:观察小剂量螺内酯联合美托洛尔对慢性心力衰竭患者血浆NT-p roBNP、CRP水平及心功能的影响.方法:将71例慢性心力衰竭(心衰)患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,均予常规抗心衰治疗,治疗组加服小剂量螺内酯联合美托洛尔,疗程12周.治疗前后用彩超测定心功能指标左心室射血分数(LVEF),ELISA法和散射比浊法测定血浆N2末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平.结果:治疗后治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组,心功能指标LVEF明显升高,血浆NT-proBNP、CRP水平均明显下降,P均＜0.05;治疗组血浆NT-p roBNP与LVEF呈负相关(r=0.75,P＜0.05);血浆CRP水平与LVEF增加呈负相关(r=0.433,P＜0.05).结论:小剂量螺内酯联合美托洛尔治疗慢性心衰效果确切,其主要作用机制为降低血浆NT-proBNP、CRP水平和改善心功能.     

心脏彩超与N末端脑钠肽在H型高血压心功能不全中的临床诊断价值比较

目的:对比分析心脏彩超与N末端脑钠肽(NT pro BNP)在H型高血压心功能不全中的临床诊断价值。方法:选择2016年1月～2017年12月在我院进行诊治的119例H型高血压心功能不全患者,采用美国纽约心脏病学会(NYHA)分级方案将患者的心功能等级分成Ⅰ级组、Ⅱ级组、Ⅲ级组、Ⅵ级组,并选取同期在我院诊治的Hcy正常的116例高血压患者。检测所有患者的NT pro BNP水平,并采取心脏彩超检测患者的左心房内径(LAD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)以及左室射血分数(LVEF)。结果:H型高血压组的LAD、LVEDd、NT pro BNP水平明显高于Hcy正常高血压组(P0.05),LVEF明显低于Hcy正常高血压组(P0.05);NT pro BNP和LVEF的阳性率随着H型高血压患者心功能分级的增加,呈上升趋势。不同心功能分级患者NT pro BNP和LVEF的阳性率相比差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);H型高血压患者的Hcy水平与LAD呈明显的正相关(r=0.647,P=0.000),LVEDd呈明显的正相关(r=0.613,P=0.000),LVEF呈明显的负相关(r=-0.739,P=0.000),NT pro BNP呈明显的正相关(r=0.832,P=0.000)。LVEF诊断心功能不全的AUC为0.798,临界值为52.7%,敏感性为83.3%,特异性为57.3%;NT pro BNP诊断心功能不全的AUC为0.802,临界值为260.3 pg/mL,敏感性为85.7%,特异性为58.3%。结论:心脏彩超和NT pro BNP诊断H型高血压心功能不全患者的临床价值较高,可为其诊断提供有效的参数依据。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.