玻璃酸钠联合重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对糖尿病性白内障超声乳化术后泪膜稳定性的影响

目的:探讨玻璃酸钠联合重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(b FGF)对糖尿病性白内障超声乳化术后泪膜稳定性的影响。方法:选取2015年1月到2017年1月期间在我院接受治疗的150例糖尿病性白内障患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,各75例。两组均进行常规治疗,在常规治疗的基础上对照组采用玻璃酸钠滴眼液进行治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上加用bFGF眼用凝胶进行治疗,两组均治疗1个月。比较两组术前、术后1周、术后1个月的泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、基础泪液分泌试验(SIt)值、角膜荧光素染色(FL)评分、干眼症状评分和眼表疾病指数(OSDI)评分,并比较两组术前、术后1个月的最佳矫正视力。结果:术后1周,两组患者的BUT明显低于术前和术后1个月,且研究组的BUT高于对照组(P0.05);随时间推移两组患者的OSDI评分持续降低(P0.05),术后1周,两组患者干眼症状评分、SIt值、FL评分明显高于术前和术后1个月,且研究组的OSDI评分、干眼症状评分、SIt值、FL评分均低于对照组(P0.05)。术后1个月两组患者的最佳矫正视力均明显上升,且研究组明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:玻璃酸钠联合bFGF能有效提升糖尿病性白内障患者在超声乳化术后泪膜稳定性,利于患者术后视力的恢复,值得临床推广应用。     

玻璃酸钠滴眼液在白内障患者中的应用效果

为了探讨玻璃酸钠滴眼液在白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术术后的应用效果,本研究选取我院收治的白内障患者104例104眼,所有患者采用白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术治疗,同时根据术后治疗方法分为观察组(51例51眼)和对照组(53例53眼),对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予0.3%玻璃酸钠滴眼液,分别观察术后1周和1个月两组干眼症状评分、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪液分泌试验(SIt)、角膜荧光素染色(FL)评分,以及IL-6和TNF-α的浓度水平。结果显示:观察组术后1周和1个月干眼症状评分、FL评分,以及IL-6和TNF-α浓度均显著低于对照组(p0.05);而观察组术后1周和1个月的BUT和SIt均高于对照组(p0.05)。由此结果表明:白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术后应用玻璃酸钠滴眼液,可有效改善患者干眼症状,增强泪膜稳定性,有助于眼表功能的恢复。     

人工泪液对患者玻璃体切除术后泪膜功能的影响

观察玻璃体切除手术后泪膜的变化和应用人工泪液后对泪膜恢复的影响。方法:60例(60眼)行玻璃体切除手术的患者随机分为两组,A组行玻手术后单用妥布霉素地塞米松眼液和眼膏,B组手术后联合应用妥布霉素地塞米松眼液、眼膏和人工泪液Dextran 70 Eye Drops。分别于术前1d,术后3d、7d、14d及30d详细询问患者是否存在干眼症状,并行泪膜破裂时间(Break-Up Time,BUT)、基础泪液分泌试验(Schirmer I test,SIt)、角膜荧光素染色(Cornea Fluorescein Staining,CFS)检查。对结果进行统计学分析。结果:(1)手术前A组和B组的干眼评分、泪膜破裂时间、角膜荧光染色评分、基础泪液分泌试验检查4个项目的检查值经统计学分析无明显差异;(2)术后各个时间点,B组的BUT检查值较A组均增加且差异显著;(3)术后7d和14d,B组的干眼评分和CFS评分较A组减少且差异显著。结论:玻璃体切除术后早期泪膜稳定性明显下降,加用人工泪液后可明显提高术后泪膜稳定性,提示玻璃体切除术后早期使用人工泪液有利于泪膜恢复。     

维生素A棕榈酸酯眼用凝胶联合聚乙烯醇滴眼液对干眼症患者泪液中 IL-1β与TNF-α水平的影响及其临床疗效

目的:探讨维生素A棕榈酸酯眼用凝胶联合聚乙烯醇滴眼液对干眼症患者泪液中IL-1β及临床疗效的影响。方法:选取2013年11月~2015年11月于我院治疗的干眼症患者60例,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组30例。对照组患者给予聚乙烯醇滴眼液治疗,实验组患者在对照组基础上加用维生素A棕榈酸酯眼用凝胶治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后泪液中白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪液分泌试验(SIT)及角膜荧光素染色(FL)结果,以及临床总有效率。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后泪液中IL-1β及TNF-α水平均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后泪液中IL-1β及TNF-α水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后BUT及SIT评分均升高,而FL评分均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后BUT及SIT评分较高,而FL评分较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组临床总有效率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:维生素A棕榈酸酯眼用凝胶联合聚乙烯醇滴眼液治疗干眼症积极有效,值得临床上大力推广。     

高浓度玻璃酸钠滴眼液与聚乙二醇滴眼液防治飞秒激光辅助LASIK术后干眼的临床疗效对比

目的:比较高浓度玻璃酸钠滴眼液与聚乙二醇滴眼液防治飞秒激光辅助LASIK术后干眼的临床效果。方法:选取2016年1月至2017年1月在我院视光学中心收治的飞秒激光辅助LASIK术后干眼患者80例并将其随机分为A、B两组,分别给予玻璃酸钠滴眼液(3 g/L)、聚乙二醇滴眼液,在用药后1周、2周、1个月进行干眼体征检查,比较患者用药前后泪液分泌试验(SIT)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素染色(FL)的变化。结果:术后1周,所有患者BUT均较术前显著降低,FL均较术前显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),但SIT与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者用药后SIT数值随时间变化差异没有统计学意义(P0.05);A组和B组分别在用药后1周、2周、1个月时进行比较,SIT变化差异没有统计学意义(P0.05);而A组BUT时间、FL评分改善时间明显早于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:滴用高浓度玻璃酸钠滴眼液(3 g/L)对飞秒激光辅助LASIK术后干眼患者的效果明显优于滴用聚乙二醇。     

2 型糖尿病与干眼症的相关性研究及其危险因素分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病和干眼症的关系并分析2型糖尿病发生干眼症的危险因素。方法:纳入2型糖尿病患者220例为观察组和健康人群50例为对照组,采集所有研究对象眼表失衡指数(OSDI)、泪膜破裂时间(TBUT)、泪液分泌试验(SIt),以及观察组性别、年龄、糖尿病病程、血糖、Hb A1c、HOMA-IR、血清CRP,对比分析两组患者干眼症发病率及干眼症症状,采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响2型糖尿病发生干眼症的危险因素。结果:对照组干眼症发病率(9/100,9.00%)明显低于观察组(108/440眼,24.52%)(P0.05)。观察组OSDI评分明显高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组TBUT、SIt明显小于对照组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。性别、年龄、糖尿病病程、OSDI、TBUT、SIt、Hb A1c和2型糖尿病患者发生干眼症具有一定的相关性(P0.05)。年龄、糖尿病病程、TBUT、Hb A1c是2型糖尿病患者发生干眼症的危险因素(B0,OR1)。结论:2型糖尿病和干眼症具有一定的相关性,糖尿病患者年龄、糖尿病病程、血糖控制水平是2型糖尿病发生干眼症的独立危险因素。     

翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术对翼状胬肉患者视觉质量和泪膜功能的影响

目的:探讨翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术治疗翼状胬肉的疗效及对视觉质量和泪膜功能的影响。方法:选取2017年2月～2018年12月期间我院收治的翼状胬肉患者201例,根据乱数表法将患者随机分为对照组(n=100)和研究组(n=101),对照组给予翼状胬肉切除术治疗,研究组在此基础上联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术治疗。比较两组临床疗效、视觉质量、泪膜功能、并发症以及角膜上皮修复时间。结果:研究组术后6个月的临床总有效率为90.10%(91/101),显著高于对照组的73.00%(73/100)(P0.05)。研究组角膜上皮修复时间均短于对照组(P0.05)。两组术后6个月角膜散光度降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05);角膜水平曲度、角膜垂直曲度、视力、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、基础泪液分泌试验(SIT)均升高,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05)。研究组随访期间并发症发生率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:翼状胬肉患者在翼状胬肉切除术的基础上联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术治疗,疗效确切,可有效改善患者的视觉质量和泪膜功能,并可减少术后并发症的发生率,临床应用价值较高。     

同轴常规切口与微切口超声乳化术对白内障患者视力、角膜散光以及泪液炎性因子的影响

摘要 目的：探讨同轴常规切口与微切口超声乳化术对白内障患者角膜散光、视力以及泪液炎性因子的影响。方法：选取2018年1月~2019年12月期间我院收治的白内障患者80例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组（n=40）和研究组（n=40）,对照组患者采用同轴常规切口超声乳化术,研究组采用同轴微切口超声乳化术,比较两组患者术中前房稳定性、最佳矫正视力、平均超声能量、角膜散光程度、有效超声乳化时间、泪液炎性因子以及术后恢复时间,记录两组术后并发症发生率。结果：两组术后1d、术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月最佳矫正视力呈升高趋势,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月角膜散光程度低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组患者有效超声乳化时间、平均超声能量、术中前房稳定人数占比比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;研究组术后恢复时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术后3个月泪液白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）均下降,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：与同轴常规切口超声乳化术相比,同轴微切口超声乳化术治疗白内障患者,在改善患者角膜散光、视力以及泪液炎性因子水平方面效果显著,且不增加术后并发症发生率。     

超声乳化人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视合并白内障的效果

目的:探讨超声乳化人工晶状体植入术在高度近视合并白内障中的应用及对中央角膜厚度(CCT)、角膜内皮细胞计数(CEC)、图像视觉诱发电位(P-VEP)与黄斑光学相干断层成象(OCT)的影响。方法:选择2014年1月至2016年6月我院接诊的96例高度近视合并白内障患者,通过随机数表法分为观察组(n=48)和对照组(n=48)。对照组行白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入术,观察组行超声乳化人工晶状体植入术。手术1个月后,比较两组CCT、CEC、P-VEP、黄斑OCT、最佳矫正视力以及并发症的发生情况。结果:手术后,观察组CCT、CEC均明显高于对照组(P0.05)。P-VEP检测结果显示观察组P100波振幅明显高于对照组,P100波潜时显著低于对照组(P0.05)。黄斑OCT结果显示观察组黄斑中心凹厚度明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组最佳矫正视力明显高于对照组(P0.05);观察组并发症的总发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:应用超声乳化人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视合并白内障患者的效果显著,可有效减轻对角膜内皮的损伤,促进视力恢复,提高视觉质量。     

玻璃体腔注药联合微创玻璃体切除治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的临床疗效研究

目的:探讨玻璃体腔注药联合微创玻璃体切除治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的临床疗效。方法:选择2014年1月至2016年1月在我院确诊并治疗的增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者80例,共83只患眼,随机分为A、B两组。A组共42例患眼,接受25 G玻璃体微创手术;B组共41例患眼,在A组治疗的基础上给予玻璃体腔注射康柏西普。比较两组患者的手术情况、治疗前后最佳视力的矫正(Best-corrected visual acuity,BCVA)情况、视网膜厚度以及术后1个月不良反应的发生情况。结果:B组患者的手术时间较A组显著缩短(P0.05),且术中使用电凝的患眼、术中出血以及术中发生医源性裂隙的患眼比例显著低于A组(P0.05),新生血管消失的患眼比例显著高于A组(P0.05)。B组患者术后1个月和3个月的BVCA显著高于A组(P0.05),且术后视网膜的厚度显著薄于A组(P0.05),术后发生玻璃体积血和前方出血的患眼比例显著低于A组(P0.05)。结论:玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合25G玻璃体微创切除术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的临床疗效显著,有利于患者术后视力以及视网膜恢复。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

Modulation of allostery of pyruvate kinase by shifting of an ensemble of microstates

Since the introduction of the concepts of allostery about four decades ago, much advancement has been made in elucidating the structure-function correlation in allostery. However, there are still a number of issues that remain unresolved. In this review we used mammalian pyruvate kinase (PK) as a model system to understand the role of protein dynamics in modulating cooperativity. PK has a triosephosphate isomerase (TIM)(α/β)₈ barrel structural motif. PK is an ideal system to address basic questions regarding regulatory mechanisms about this common (α/β)₈ structural motif. The simplest model accounting for all of the solution thermodynamic and kinetic data on ligand-enzyme interactions involves two conformational states, inactive E^T and active E^R. These conformational states are represented by domain movements. Further studies provide the first evidence for a differential effect of ligand binding on the dynamics of the structural elements, not major secondary structural changes. These data are consistent with our model that allosteric regulation of PK is the consequence of perturbation of the distribution of an ensemble of states in which the inactive E^T and active E^R represent the two extreme end states. Sequence differences and ligands can modulate the distribution of states leading to alterations of functions. The future work includes: defining the network of functionally connected residues; elucidating the chemical principles governing the sequence differences which affect functions; and probing the nature of mutations on the stability of the secondary structural elements, which in turn modulate allostery.