广西和海南的赛多孢属2新种

从广西和海南植物根系采集的土样经用头发富集后分离获得3株赛多孢菌株G79、EM65901和EM65901.2,采用系统发育和单倍型网络并结合形态特征对其分类地位进行确证,G79菌株提议为新种少孢赛多孢,其典型特征是:分生孢子顶生或侧生于菌丝上,产孢较少,孢子透明至半透明,倒卵形,5.4–10.8×3.2–5.4μm,无间生孢子和厚垣孢子;EM65901和EM65901.2两菌株为另一新种,定名为三亚赛多孢,其典型特征是:分生孢子顶生或侧生于菌丝或支撑细胞上,单生或1–4个着生于膨大或不膨大的支撑细胞上,透明至半透明,倒卵圆形,4–7.5×3–4μm,少数近球形,3–5μm,无间生孢子;厚垣孢子椭圆形,5–7.5×4–6.5μm,或近球形,5–7.5μm。     

球束梗孢属一新种——弯孢球束梗孢(英文)

报道了采自贵州省宽阔水自然保护区的球束梗孢属一新种——弯孢球束梗孢,对其进行了形态描述和基于ITS-5.8S rDNA序列的分子研究。在球束梗孢属中与具有类似弯曲的分生孢子的G.formosana进行了比较,本种瓶梗基部为近球形膨大,分生孢子较大,4.7 11×1.6 2.4μm;而G.formosana瓶梗基部是纺锤形,分生孢子较小,3.5 4×1.5 2.2μm。     

球壳孢目真菌个体发育研究Ⅰ:壳二胞等四属

人工培养条件下,用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜对球壳孢目（Sphaerosidales）的Ascochyta,Phyllosticta,Phomopsis,Septoria四属进行个体发育研究,明确了其产孢方式：Ascochyta和Phyllosticta为内壁芽生瓶梗式;Phomopsis为全壁芽生瓶梗式;Septoria为全壁芽生合轴式,这一结果为属级分类提供了可靠的依据。产孢方式是属内共同具有的稳定特征,分生孢子的形成方式类型、产孢细胞及分生孢子的形态是划分属的首要标准。以寄主植物属为基础确定的同属大多数种在个体发育上无明显差别,分生孢子的形态及大小是分种的一个重要依据。     

球壳孢目真菌个体发育研究I：壳二胞等四属

人工培养条件下,用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜对球壳孢目(Splnaerosidales)的Ascochyta, Phyllosticta, Phomopsis, Septoria四属进行个体发育研究,明确了其产孢方式：Ascochyta 和Phyllosticta为内壁芽生瓶梗式;Phomopsis 为全壁芽生瓶梗式;Septoria为全壁芽生合轴式,这一结果为属级分类提供了可靠的依据。产孢方式是属内共同具有的稳定特征,分生孢子的形成方式类型、产孢细胞及分生孢子的形态是划分属的首要标准。以寄主植物属为基础确定的同属大多数种在个体发育上无明显差别,分生孢子的形态及大小是分种的一个重要依据。     

球束梗孢属一新种

描述了采自湖北省神农架的球束梗孢属一新种,神农架球束梗孢Gibellula shennongjiaensis,该菌分生孢子梗表面粗糙,瓶梗为棒状,5.4–10.8×1.1–2.2μm。分生孢子为圆柱形或纺锤形,透明,表面光滑,3.2–6.5×1.1–1.6μm。具糙梗孢式共无性型的产孢结构,其分生孢子梗由不规则的菌丝组成,产孢细胞不规则形状,分生孢子无色,光滑,线形,12.1–15.2×1.4–2.1μm。模式标本保存在贵州大学菌种保藏中心(GZAC-SNJ2012,主模式)。     

中国蓼属叉分蓼组植物花粉形态的研究

采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对中国蓼属叉分蓼组20种3变种的花粉形态进行了观察和研究。结果表明其花粉形态大多数为近球形至近长球形,少数为扁球形或长球形;花粉大小为20.4～44.0µm×17.0～34.0µm：从萌发孔看,有3沟、3 孔沟、多沟、散沟;外壁纹饰为微刺—穴状、刺状、粗网状、皱块状。据此,该组花粉可划分为5种类型,即叉分蓼型(Aconogonon-type)、钟花蓼型(Campanulatum-type)、大连线冰岛蓼型(Forrestii-type)、西伯利亚蓼(Sibiricum-type)及多穗蓼型(Polystachyum-type),编制了这些花粉类型检索表。叉分蓼型花粉的主要特征是具3沟,外壁纹饰为微刺-穴状,此种类型的植物有14种2变种。钟花蓼型花粉的主要特征是具6散沟,外壁纹饰为微刺-穴状,此种类型的植物有钟花蓼和绒毛钟花蓼。西伯利亚蓼型花粉的主要特征是具3孔沟,外壁纹饰为皱块状,此种类型的植物有西伯利亚蓼。多穗蓼型花粉的主要特征是具6(~8)多沟,外壁纹饰为粗网状,此种类型的植物有松林蓼及多穗蓼。大连线冰岛蓼型花粉的主要特征是具散沟,外壁纹饰为显著的长刺状,此种类型的植物有大铜钱叶蓼及铜钱叶蓼,结果表明叉分蓼组的花粉形态具有重要的分类学意义,研究结果支持将叉分蓼组上升为属的等级,也支持Knorringia的属的地位,大铜钱叶蓼和铜钱叶蓼应移入Koenigia属中,而松林蓼和多穗蓼仍保留在蓼属中。     

中国弯孢属的分类研究Ⅱ.

报道弯孢属的两个新种,柱弯孢Curvularia cylindrica和拟棒弯孢Curvularia trachycarpi,前者生于葱Allium fistulosum上,后者生于棕榈Trachycarpus fortunei上。柱弯孢的分生孢子柱状细长,4个隔膜,这是区别于其它种的显著特征。拟棒弯孢的形态与棒弯孢Cclavata B．L．Jain近似,但是其分生孢子明显的大于后者。研究标本保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）。     

中国一新记录属——菊壳孢属

1 菊壳孢属 中国新记录属 Doliomyces Nag Roi TF ctc. Can. J. Bot. 50: 47, 1972. 菌丝体内生,褐色,分枝,具隔膜。载孢体系分生孢子器,叶表皮下埋生,单生,球形,单室,由淡色至褐色薄壁和厚壁角状组织所组成,内壁组织薄,向外壁逐渐变厚变深色。无孔口,成熟时破裂开口,分生孢子梗无色,平滑,分隔,基部分枝,从分生孢子器壁细胞长出。产孢细胞全壁芽生式产孢,环痕式延     

中国东北地区壳囊孢属真菌分类和系统发育研究

对采自中国东北地区不同寄主植物上的壳囊孢属真菌标本进行了形态学观察,依据其子实体顶盘、腔室、分生孢子以及子囊壳、子囊、子囊孢子的形态特征,并结合其培养性状等划分为5个形态学类群;利用ITS序列分析构建了系统发育树,结果显示这5个类群的划分均得到了分子证据的支持。腔室特征、孔口数量、中柱以及黑色基线的有无、分生孢子大小等可作为壳囊孢属分类的主要依据。     

几种具纤毛分生孢子的腔孢菌

本文报道了河北省具纤毛分生孢子的腔孢菌５种,它们隶属于多毛孢属,星毛孢属,刺杯毛孢属和双毛壳孢属。其中多毛孢属和星毛孢属系国内新记录属。记载了一新种中国多毛孢和一中国新记录种甘蔗星毛孢。在刺杯毛孢属和双毛壳孢属内共鉴定出３个种,它们是槭刺杯毛孢,刚毛刺杯毛孢和双毛壳孢。文中对这些种进行了详细描述,新种有拉丁文描述。研究标本保藏于河北省科学院生物研究所。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Similar aerosol emission rates and viral loads in upper respiratory tracts for COVID-19 patients with Delta and Omicron variant infection

Highlights
1 Aerosol emission rates of Delta or Omicron patients were similar.
2 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of Alpha, Delta and Omicron patients were similar.
3 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of vaccinated or unvaccinated Delta patients had no difference.     

Recombinant human interferon-α1b inhibits SARS-CoV-2 better than interferon-α2b in vitro

Highlights
1) A comprehensive evaluation method for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs was established based on RT-qPCR, TCID₅₀ method, and immunofluorescence.
2) A significant antiviral effect of rHuIFN-α1b was shown with EC₅₀=0.12 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=0.52 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells, which was better than rHuIFN-α2b (EC₅₀=0.25 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=2.48 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells).
3) rHuIFN-α1b has a good potential in the application of anti-COVID-19 therapy.