不同心理素质水平军人在厌恶情绪条件下自主神经反应特点

目的：探讨不同心理素质水平军人在厌恶情绪条件下自主神经反应特点。方法：用军人心理素质量表筛选出54名部队官兵,其中高、中、低心理素质组军人各18名。采用3份情绪视频材料,诱导被试的中性和厌恶情绪,利用八通道多参数生物反馈仪,记录自主神经反应的十个指标和相应自主神经反应指标的平均恢复时间。结果：（1）在中性情绪条件下,低心理素质组[（12．06±4．89）b／min]的心率（HR）的变化上显著大于高心理素质组[（5．75±2．80）b／min];（2）在厌恶情绪条件下,低心理素质组f（7．09±2．02）nU]的心率变异性（rmv）频谱归-化低频功率（Lfnorm）的变化显著大于中等[（3．43±1．70）nU]与高心理素质组[（2．66±1．50）nU];低心理素质组[（357．94±129．33）Hz]的总功率（TP）的变化显著大于中等[（171．1±73．02）ms。]与高心理素质组[（167．84±86．38）ms／];（3）在自主神经反应指标的恢复时间上,低心理素质组[（49．98±10．96）秒]在厌恶情绪条件下其心率（HR）的恢复时间显著大于高心理素质组[（24．65±9．38）see];低心理素质组[（37．84±21．33）sec]在厌恶情绪条件下其皮电（SC）、皮温（TEMP）、指端血容振幅（BVP）、心率（HR）四个自主神经反应指标的平均恢复时间上显著大于高心理素质组[（18．57±10．15）秒]。（4）在情绪的愉悦度、唤醒度的上,低心理素质组（0．88±1．11）在中性条件下其唤醒度的变化明显大于中等（0．50±0．70）与高心理素质组（0．12±0．33）;低心理素质组（-2．11±0．90）在厌恶条件下愉悦度的变化明显大于中等（-1．56±0．86）与高心理素质组（-1．33±0．84）。结论：在中性条件下,低心理素质军人更容易出现生理上的唤醒警觉状态。在厌恶情绪条件下,低心理素质军人是副交感神经伴有较强交感神经兴奋的自主神经反应模式;高、中等心理素质军人副交感神经伴有较弱的交感神经兴奋。     

陆军青年军人心理素质与人格、心理健康的相关研究

目的:探讨陆军青年军人心理素质与人格、心理健康的关系。方法:整群抽取陆军青年官兵881名,采用军人心理素质量表、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行测评,进行方差分析和相关分析。结果:(1)陆军青年军人心理素质各因子分及总分与EPQ人格问卷中的E分呈显著正相关(p<0.01);与N分、P分呈显著负相关(p<0.01)。高、中、低心理素质水平军人E、P、N得分比较有显著差异(p<0.05),表现为在E量表得分上高心理素质组>中等心理素质组>低心理素质组;而在P、N量表得分上则反之。(2)陆军青年军人心理素质各因子分及总分均与SCL-90各因子分和总均分呈显著负相关(p<0.01)。高、中、低心理素质水平军人SCL-90各因子得分比较有显著差异(p<0.05),表现为低心理素质组>中等心理素质组>高心理素质组。结论:陆军青年军人心理素质与心理健康密切相关,心理素质越高,其心理健康水平也越高。     

陆军青年军人心理素质与人格、心理健康的相关研究

目的：探讨陆军青年军人心理素质与人格、心理健康的关系。方法：整群抽取陆军青年官兵881名,采用军人心理素质量袁、艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）、症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行测评,进行方差分析和相关分析。结果：（1）陆军青年军人心理素质各因子分及总分与EPQ人格问卷中的E分呈显著正相关（p〈0．01）;与N分、P分呈显著负相关（p〈0．01）。高、中、低心理素质水平军人E、P、N得分比较有显著差异（p〈0．05）,表现为在E量表得分上高心理素质组〉中等心理素质组〉低心理素质组;而在P、N量表得分上则反之。（2）陆军青年军人心理素质各因子分及总分均与SCL-90各因子分和总均分呈显著负相关（p〈0．01）。高、中、低心理素质水平军人SCL-90各因子得分比较有显著差异（p〈0．05）,表现为低心理素质组〉中等心理素质组〉高心理素质组。结论：陆军青年军人心理素质与心理健康密切相关,心理素质越高,其心理健康水平也越高。     

双歧杆菌四联活菌片辅助治疗对新诊断2型糖尿病患者血清炎症因子及氧化应激指标水平的调节作用

目的探讨双歧杆菌四联活菌片辅助治疗对新诊断2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清炎症因子及氧化应激指标水平的调节作用。方法选取我院2017年4月至2019年5月收治的108例新诊断T2DM患者为研究对象,患者随机分为观察组和对照组各54例。两组患者均予以健康教育、饮食控制和运动锻炼等基础治疗。对照组患者在基础治疗的同时给予甘精胰岛素与阿卡波糖控制血糖;观察组患者在对照组基础上加用双歧杆菌四联活菌片治疗,1.5 g/次,3次/d,温开水服用。两组患者均连用12周。观察两组患者治疗前和治疗12周后血糖控制情况、β细胞功能、血清炎症指标[超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素(IL)-6和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α]水平及氧化应激指标[谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和晚期氧化蛋白产物(AOPP)]水平的变化。结果治疗12周后,两组患者血清FBG[(6.52±0.74)mmol/L、(5.78±0.62)mmol/L]和HbA1C水平[(7.42±0.93)%、(6.74±0.87)%]较治疗前明显下降,HOMA-β水平(44.78±4.79、51.87±5.27)较治疗前明显上升(均P0.05),且观察组患者各指标水平变化幅度大于对照组(均P0.05)。治疗后两组患者血清hs-CRP[(3.21±0.52)mg/L、(2.68±0.47)mg/L]、IL-6[(67.63±11.56)pg/mL、(50.69±9.42)pg/mL]和TNF-α水平[(26.82±4.12)ng/mL、(18.53±3.04)ng/mL]较治疗前明显下降(均P0.05),且观察组患者各指标水平下降幅度大于对照组(均P0.05);同时两组患者血清GSH-PX水平[(204.56±38.13)μg/mL、(248.62±40.42)μg/mL]较治疗前显著上升,AOPP水平[(51.27±10.52)μmol/L、(38.38±8.16)μmol/L]均较治疗前显著下降(均P0.05),且观察组患者各指标水平变化幅度大于对照组(均P0.05)。结论双歧杆菌四联活菌片辅助治疗新诊断T2DM患者可改善其糖代谢指标水平和胰岛素抵抗,有利于血糖达标,其作用机制可能与其能控制炎症反应和减轻氧化应激反应相关。     

摄食对鲇鱼幼鱼力竭性运动后过量耗氧的影响

为了检验鲇鱼(Silurus asotus Linnaeus)幼鱼力竭性运动(Exhaustive exercise)后过量耗氧(EPOC)是否受到摄食的影响,以阐明其在两种功能状态下的功率配置模式,在(25.0±1.0)℃条件下,分别测定了对照组(摄食前)、摄食组[摄食12 h,摄食水平为(8.74±0.40)%]、摄食代谢恢复组[摄食60 h,摄食水平为(8.84±0.25)%]鲇幼鱼力竭性运动后EPOC及力竭性运动后恢复过程中呼吸频率(Vf)的变化。研究结果显示:对照组、摄食组、摄食代谢恢复组力竭性运动前耗氧率(MO2)显著差异(P<0.05),而Vf差异不显著;力竭性运动后MO2和Vf均立即达到峰值,随后逐渐恢复到稳定状态;摄食组的耗氧率峰值(MO2peak)[(222.47±10.14)mgO2/(kg.h)]显著大于对照组[(180.53±6.79)mgO2/(kg.h)]和摄食代谢恢复组[(181.65±10.94)mgO2/(kg.h)](P<0.05),但三个组之间Vf无显著变化;摄食组的EPOC总量[(42.49±10.13)mgO2]显著小于对照组[(66.58±6.40)mgO2]和摄食代谢恢复组[(53.46±5.80)mgO2](P<0.05)。以上结果表明:(1)无论是摄食还是运动任一生理功能均不能诱导出鲇鱼幼鱼的最大的MO2;(2)当摄食和运动两种生理功能同时存在时,鲇鱼无氧运动能力减弱,同时力竭性运动后的恢复过程加快,可能与消化导致的内环境碱化减缓了运动后的内环境酸化有关。     

miR-935靶向GLUD1调控LKB1缺失型肺癌失巢凋亡机制

[目的]探讨miR-935靶向GLUD1调控LKB1缺失型肺癌细胞失巢凋亡的潜在机制。[方法]分离条件下培养肺癌细胞构建失巢细胞模型,抽取各个分离时间点的细胞总RNA进行miRNA-seq,过表达或敲低差异miRNA后检测LKB1缺失型肺癌细胞A549和H157的失巢凋亡水平。通过miRDB在线分析和遗传学筛选鉴定miRNA的关键底物。根据是否过表达miR-935分为对照组和miR-935过表达组;根据是否敲低GLUD1分为对照组和GLUD1敲低组。[结果]随着分离时间的延长,肺癌细胞中miR-935的表达水平下降(1.47±0.15 vs 0.09±0.01,P<0.05)、GLUD1的表达水平上升(0.87±0.16 vs 1.44±0.21,P<0.05)。过表达miR-935后,肺癌细胞的失巢凋亡水平上升[(15.87±2.23)%vs(49.79±7.63)%,P<0.05]。敲低GLUD1后,肺癌细胞的失巢凋亡水平显著上升[(16.32±3.11)%vs(48.21±5.67)%,P<0.05]。过表达miR-935后,肺癌细胞中GLUD1 mRNA...     

肿瘤坏死因子α－863C/A基因多态性与慢性阻塞性肺疾病的 相关性研究

目的:探讨肿瘤坏死因子α(tumornecrosisfactor-α,TNF-α)-863C/A基因多态性与慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronicobstructivepulmonary disease,COPD)间的关系。方法:采用多重聚合酶链-高温连接酶检测反应(PCR-LDR)方法研究56例吸烟COPD患者、64例吸烟正常对照组的TNF-α-863位点基因型及A等位基因的分布情况。结果:(1)吸烟COPD组在-863位点上的CA基因型及A等位基因频率均低于吸烟非COPD组(P<0.05)。(2)重度、极重度COPD组在该位点的CA基因型频率和A等位基因频率均低于轻中度COPD组(P<0.05)。在COPD组中携带A等位基因的患者有着更高的第1秒呼气量/用力肺活量(FEV1/FVC)和体重指数(BMI)(P<0.05)。(3)吸烟COPD组携带CA基因型的患者肺源性心脏病的发病率高于携带CC基因型的患者(P<0.05)。(4)吸烟COPD组的BMI[(22.0±3.1)kg/m2]较吸烟非COPD组[(24.5±3.7)kg/m2]低,重度、极重度COPD组BMI[(21.2±3.0)kg/m2]较轻中度COPD组[(23.3±3.3)kg/m2]低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:TNF-α-863位点A等位基因的发生对COPD患者是一个保护性因素。低BMI与COPD关系密切,BMI可能成为预测COPD患者病情严重程度的一个重要指标。     

宫腹腔镜联合下子宫瘢痕憩室新术式应用的临床效果探讨

目的:探讨宫腹腔镜联合下子宫瘢痕憩室新术式应用的临床效果。方法:对2016年1月至2017年6月于我院住院的子宫瘢痕憩室患者14例进行回顾性分析和术后随访。以采用宫腹腔镜联合下子宫瘢痕憩室新术式6例为观察组,行传统的宫腹腔镜联合下子宫瘢痕憩室修补术8例为对照组。比较两组基线资料、手术情况、临床疗效。结果:两组的年龄、剖宫产史以及每个月生理期和子宫缺损位置的肌肉厚度比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组手术时间[(54.83±13.91)min]明显少于对照组[(96.00±18.79) min],手术出血量[(26.67±8.76) m L]少于对照组[(76.88±19.07) m L],住院费用[(7099.00±763.80)]远少于对照组[(9562.00±2548.00)元],差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。随访6个月时,观察组治疗有效率为83.3%,高于对照组(62.5%),但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:宫腹腔镜联合下子宫瘢痕憩室新术式及传统的宫腹腔镜联合下子宫瘢痕憩室修补术用于子宫瘢痕憩室患者的临床疗效相当,但新术式宫腹腔镜联合下子宫憩室折叠缝合术创伤更小、费用更低。     

内源性硫化氢在脂多糖引起的肺动脉高压中的作用

为观察硫化氢(hydrogen sulfide,H2s)在脂多糖(1ipopolysaccharide,LPS)引起的肺动脉高压中的作用,应用离体血管环张力测定方法测定肺动脉反应性,采用生物化学方法测定肺动脉组织中H2S产出率和胱硫醚-γ-裂解酶(cystathionine γ-lyase,CSE)活性,定量PCR方法测定肺动脉组织中CSE表达水平.结果如下:(1)与对照组相比,LPS可显著升高肺动脉平均压(mean pulmonary arterial pressure,mPAP)[(1.82±0.29)kPa vs(1.43±0.26)kPa,P<0.01],降低肺动脉组织中H2S产出率[(26.33±7.84)vs(42.92±8.73)pmoFg wet tissue per minute,P<0.01]和ACh诱导的肺动脉内皮依赖性舒张反应[(75.72±7.22)%vs(86.40±4.40)%,P<0.01];(2)NariS可部分逆转上述变化,而PPG加剧上述变化;(3)CSE活性和CSE mRNA表达的变化与H2S产出率的变化相同.结果提示,LPS对内皮依赖性舒张反应的抑制导致肺动脉高压的发生,此作用可能与H2S有关.     

水环境中不同浓度K+、Ca2+对大鳞鲃幼鱼存活率、耗氧率和窒息点的影响

通过单因子静态急性毒性试验和呼吸生理试验,研究了盐度10的水体中不同K+、Ca2+浓度对大鳞鲃(Barbus capito)幼鱼存活率、耗氧率和窒息点的影响.结果表明:在K+浓度3.78 ～ 435.30 mg-L-1(对照组为117.55 mg· L-1)和Ca2+浓度11.01 ～ 1535.90 mg·L-1(对照组为116.59 mg· L-1)水质条件下,大鳞鲃幼鱼存活率均为100％.96 h高浓度K+的LC50为515.01 mg· L-1,低浓度Ca2+的LC50为5.47 mg·L-1.在耗氧率和窒息点试验中,低浓度K+组[(3.75±0.17) mg·L-1]大鳞鲃幼鱼在整个试验过程中的耗氧率和窒息点均未出现显著性变化(P＞0.05);高浓度K+组[(451.67±10.23) mg· L-1]耗氧率在前48 h未出现显著性变化(P＞0.05),72和96 h与对照组[(115.29±0.68) mg·L-1]相比,耗氧率显著提高(P＜0.05);临界窒息点和绝对窒息点与对照组相比均显著升高(P＜0.05).Ca2+试验中,高Ca2+组[(1290.10±15.75) mg·L-1]和低Ca2+组[(8.87±0.34) mg·L-1]表现为相同趋势,即前24 h时高浓度Ca2+组和低浓度Ca2+组耗氧率均比对照组[(117.57±1.68) mg·L-1]有显著升高(P＜0.05),48 h后,高浓度Ca2+组和低浓度Ca2+组耗氧率恢复到对照组水平并持续至96 h试验结束.无论低浓度Ca2+组还是高浓度Ca2+组,大鳞鲃幼鱼的临界窒息点与绝对窒息点都显著升高(P＜0.05).综上所述,大鳞鲃幼鱼对水体中K+、Ca2+具有较强的耐受性,尤其是低浓度K+和高浓度Ca2+.     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.