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1.
Reciprocal-removal experiments with two replicates were conducted to test for the role of interspecific competition in the
coexistence ofApodemus argenteus andA. speciosus. Population density, rate of appearance of new (unmarked) individuals, reproduction, survival rate and habitat use were monitored
during pre- and removal periods. In both removal experiments, the removal ofA. argenteus had little effect onA. speciosus, while that ofA. speciosus affected several population characteristics ofA. argenteus. Namely, the removal ofA. speciosus shifted the distribution ofA. argenteus to the habitat with a denser shrub cover in one experiment. Also, the removal increased the population densities and appearance
rates of new individuals ofA. argenteus in another experiment. Interspecific interactions between the two species appeared to be a one-way action fromA. speciosus toA. argenteus. In removal periods in both experiments, the rates of appearance of new individuals in each species were the highest on the
grid where that species was removed. These results suggest that, though interspecific competition occurred between the two
species, intraspecific competition had greater effects than interspecific competition on the abundance and habitat use ofA. argenteus andA. speciosus. This implies that the fundamental niches ofA. argenteus andA. speciosus differ potentially, which may play an important role in the coexistence of the two species. 相似文献
2.
Hoarding behaviors of two wood mouse species: Different preference for acorns of two Fagaceae species 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Takuya Shimada 《Ecological Research》2001,16(1):127-133
Two species of wood mouse, Apodemus argenteus and A. speciosus, were observed consuming and hoarding acorns of Quercus serrata and Castanopsis cuspidata. When each species of acorn was supplied individually, both species of mice used each species of acorn for eating and hoarding. When both species of acorn were supplied, A. argenteus consumed or hoarded only C. cuspidata, whereas A. speciosus tended to eat C. cuspidata acorns at the feeding site, and disperse or hoard Q. serrata acorns. Apodemus speciosus is unlikely to disperse C. cuspidata acorns (their utilization was biased towards consumption) when Q. serrata acorns are also available. Apodemus argenteus will make almost no contribution to the dispersal of Q. serrata when the two acorn species coexist. 相似文献
3.
Takaki Kondo 《Population Ecology》1982,24(1):85-96
The role of social behavior on the population regulation of the Japanese wood mouse, Apodemus speciosus, was studied in the Ashu Experimental Forest of Kyoto University by monthly trapping and direct observation on the social behavior at the artificial feeding site. The census was carried out from May to October in 1974 and 1975, and the direct observation in June, August and October, 1975. In the study area, the Japanese wood mouse has two breeding seasons in a year: in spring and in autumn. Minimum survival rate was high in the non-breeding season and low in the breeding season. It was negatively correlated to the number of sexually active adults in both sexes. Home ranges of females tended to be mutually exclusive, and female residents prevented the settlement of female immigrants. On the other hand, home ranges of males overlapped largely and males had a straight social hierarchy. Subordinate males tended to disappear more often than dominant males did, but male residents did not hinder the settlement of male immigrants. Males may regulate their number by driving out the subordinate males, while females by spacing behavior. 相似文献
4.
Takashi Saitoh Jun Osawa Toshikazu Takanishi Shintaro Hayakashi Masaaki Ohmori Toshio Morita Shigeru Uemura Jon Olav Vik Nils Chr. Stenseth Koji Maekawa 《Population Ecology》2007,49(3):249-256
The effects of the abundance of acorns of the oak, Quercus crispula, on the population dynamics of three rodent species (Apodemus speciosus, A. argenteus, and Clethrionomys rufocanus) were analyzed using time series data (1992–2006). The data were obtained in a forest in northern Hokkaido, Japan, by live
trapping rodents and directly counting acorns on the ground. Apodemus speciosus generally increased in abundance following acorn masting. However, the clear effect of acorn abundance was not detected for
the other two rodent species. Acorns of Q. crispula contain tannins, which potentially have detrimental effects on herbivores. Apodemus speciosus may reduce the damage caused by acorn tannins with tannin-binding salivary proteins and tannase-producing bacteria, whereas
such physiological tolerance to tannins is not known in the other two rodent species. The differences in the effects of acorns
between the three species may be due to differences in their physiological tolerance to tannins. 相似文献
5.
6.
Space-related relationships between individuals were investigated during the breeding season in a natural population of Apodemus argenteus (Temminck) by using the catch-mark-release method and microsatellite DNA markers. Several overlapping patterns of home ranges in breeding males and females were observed. Although this species is thought to be monogamous, DNA analysis revealed polygynous mating. In adults, relatedness between sexes was generally low and no apparent spatial genetic structure was observed. In juveniles, however, relatedness and geographical distance be-tween individuals were significantly negatively correlated. The relatedness between adult females decreased with distance, whereas there was not such a correlation in males. Long-distance movements were observed in current-year-born males. The differences in spatial genetic structure between adults and juveniles are thought to be produced by male-biased natal dispersal.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
7.
Spirochetes were isolated from earlobe tissues of shrews (Sorex unguiculatus, Sorex caecutiens, and Crocidura dsinezumi), voles (Clethrionomys rufocanus), and mice (Apodemus argenteus and Apodemus speciosus) captured in various localities in Japan. The isolates were identified as Borrelia japonica by rRNA gene restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The data suggest that these small mammals are candidates of reservoir hosts for B. japonica. 相似文献
8.
Territorial behavior of the plethodontid salamander Plethodon kentucki: influence of habitat structure and population density 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Glenn A. Marvin 《Oecologia》1998,114(1):133-144
To investigate the possible influence of variation in ecological and demographic factors on the spatial organization of the
terrestrial plethodontid salamander Plethodon kentucki, I conducted a 3-year capture-recapture study and determined home-range characteristics and spatial relationships of individuals
at two field sites that differed in predominant cover type and population density. Home ranges of adults were fixed and the
home ranges of same-sex adult neighbors were mostly exclusive. The spatial arrangement of adult home ranges exhibited overall
regularity or regularity within aggregations, whereas the distribution of juvenile home ranges was usually random. Analysis
of nearest-neighbor sex indicated a positive intersexual association of adult home ranges. Removal studies provided evidence
for defense of adult home ranges only at the high-density site. The distribution of home ranges was influenced by the presence
of cover objects, but there was no significant relationship between adult body size and percent of home-range area with cover.
Males overlapped the home ranges of gravid females significantly more often than those of non-gravid females, indicating that
the distribution of gravid females had a strong influence on the distribution of male home ranges. In laboratory tests, increased
male-male aggression during the breeding season suggests that males may compete for access to mates. At the high-density site,
larger males may have benefited by having greater reproductive success than smaller males because they were more dominant
and their home ranges overlapped a greater number of gravid-female home ranges. My results indicate that habitat structure
and population density may influence the spatial organization and mating system of P. kentucki.
Received: 26 May 1997 / Accepted: 9 October 1997 相似文献
9.
Suzuki H Filippucci MG Chelomina GN Sato JJ Serizawa K Nevo E 《Biochemical genetics》2008,46(5-6):329-346
Sequences of the mitochondrial cyt b gene and nuclear IRBP, RAGI, I7, and vWF genes were used to assess the evolutionary history of major lineages of Apodemus, in particular to better understand dispersal between Asia and Europe. Our data show eight extant lineages of Late Tertiary
origin: Apodemus agrarius, A. semotus, A. peninsulae, A. speciosus, A. argenteus, A. gurkha, A. mystacinus, and A. sylvaticus. Monophyly of two European lineages (A. mystacinus and A. sylvaticus) and four Asian lineages (A. agrarius, A. semotus, A. peninsulae, and A. speciosus) was confirmed with high bootstrap support. Together with literature data, the available molecular data depict three crucial
evolutionary events: (1) initial wide dispersal and subsequent radiation around 6 million years ago, (2) region-specific radiations
in Europe and southern China around 2 million years ago, and (3) westward dispersal of A. agrarius to Europe in the Late Quaternary. 相似文献
10.
Abstract At Trounson Kauri Park, we monitored the movements of 21 feral cats (Felis catus), 11 stoats (Mustela erminea) and one male ferret (Mustelafuro). In feral cats, the average minimum home range was 446 ha (±82 SE) for 14 males, significantly larger than the average minimum of 117 ha (±40 SE) for seven females. In stoats the average minimum home range was 107 ha (±20 SE), for nine males compared with 81 ha (±31 SE) for two females. The single male ferret had a minimum home range of 197 ha. Adult male feral cats lived on apparently separate, non‐overlapping home ranges; females occupied exclusive home ranges which were overlapped by adult males; home ranges of sub‐adult male feral cats overlapped those of other sub‐adult male, adult male and female feral cats. The home ranges of two neighbouring male stoats overlapped, although their core ranges did not; both these and the ferret's home ranges overlapped those of the neighbouring feral cats. The feral cats were often located in cover in pastureland or near the edge of larger tracts of forest within their home ranges; stoats near waterways in the larger tracts of forest; and the ferret near the forest/pasture margins of Trounson Kauri Park. Our results suggest that control devices targeting all these species should be set at a minimum spacing of 800 m in order to put the majority of the resident and immigrant predators at risk. 相似文献