基于同质园栽培的21种淫羊藿属植物花部特征的分类学意义

以采自中国多地并同质园栽培于吉首大学种质资源圃的21种淫羊藿为研究材料,通过观测这些物种的花梗长、花直径、内萼片长宽、蜜距长、雌雄蕊长、花药长、花柱长、胚珠数、花粉大小及花粉量等16个花部特征数量性状和花序类型、有无蜜距、花瓣颜色、内萼片颜色、内萼片与花瓣相对长度及花粉颜色6个质量性状,并对其分类学意义进行探讨。结果表明,(1)21种淫羊藿内轮萼片花瓣状,4枚花瓣除无距淫羊藿外均特化成蜜距,但花部形态种间存在显著差异,尤其体现于花直径、内萼片长宽、蜜距长、雌蕊长、胚珠数、花粉量、花粉直径等特征。(2)主成分分析显示花直径、内萼片长、花药长、胚珠数和花粉直径等性状信息负荷量较大,在该属分类中起主要作用。(3)根据花部特征聚类分析,物种间区分良好,21物种可分为4支:第1支花小,花瓣短于内轮萼片,囊状距或兜状距;第2支花较大,花瓣远长于内轮萼片,长距状;第3支花小,花瓣没有特化形成蜜距;第4支花较小,花丝伸长明显,可达10 mm,花蜜距呈钻状。(4)依据所观察到的花部形态特征编写了淫羊藿属21种植物花部特征分种检索表。研究认为,基于同质园栽培下的淫羊藿属物种的花部特征具有分类学意义,可以为该属分类提供一定依据。     

木豆种质资源形态与农艺性状的多样性分析

为挖掘优异木豆(Cajanus cajan)种质资源,对10份木豆种质资源的10个质量性状和18个数量性状的遗传多样性进行了研究,并对其农艺性状进行了聚类分析。结果表明,质量性状的遗传多样性指数均较大,以鲜荚色(1.9219)的最高,其次是旗瓣点缀色、鲜籽粒颜色和干籽粒底色,多样性指数均为1.4855;再次为干籽粒色斑、干籽粒脐环色和有无种阜,均为0.8813;最小的是小叶叶形、旗瓣底色和株型,均为0.7219。聚类分析可将10份木豆种质资源划分为中茎稀疏型、中茎密生型和粗茎密生型3大类型。这为木豆品种选育提供了科学依据。     

‘火州黑玉’葡萄杂交后代果实性状遗传倾向分析

为了探索‘火州黑玉’葡萄果实性状遗传规律,2013~2014年,对‘火州黑玉’为母本的3个组合198个杂交后代的果实性状(包括核性、果色、香味、质地、可溶性固形物含量、果粒重和果粒形状)进行了分析研究。结果表明:后代中胚败育型株系占77.3%,有香味株系仅1个;杂交后代的果色、质地、可溶性固形物含量、果粒重、果形指数呈现数量遗传性状且连续广泛分离;果粒表现无核、深果色、脆肉、小粒、圆形等性状具有遗传倾向;可溶性固形物含量遗传较复杂。研究认为,‘火州黑玉’葡萄能将无核、深果色、脆质地、圆果形等性状以很强优势传递给F1代,但很难出现有香味株系;果粒呈变小趋势,但存在有选择大果型株系的潜力。     

光照强度对3种大型卷瓣凤梨叶片解剖结构及光合色素含量的影响

为了明确卷瓣凤梨属植物不同种类对环境光强的适应性差异,该研究以3种大型卷瓣凤梨属植物的成熟植株为研究对象,在全光照(CK)、40%光照(S₄₀)、10%光照(S₁₀)3种环境下生长近4个月后进行叶解剖结构特征的观测以及光合色素含量的测定。结果表明：(1)3种卷瓣凤梨的叶解剖结构大致相似,叶的上下表皮均由单层细胞组成,且细胞内壁加厚;表皮层发达;表皮细胞下为多层的含水组织;叶肉组织中分化出明显的栅栏组织和海绵组织,栅栏组织呈独特的拱状排列,下面形成椭圆形至长圆形的气腔,内含丰富的海绵组织,气腔与叶下表面的气孔下室连接,从而有利于叶片内部的气体交换,保证在叶基部常年处于积水的环境下叶内部仍有充足的气体用于光合作用。(2)环境光强对卷瓣凤梨属植物叶解剖结构特征的影响因种而异,其中‘格拉齐’对环境光强的变化较为敏感,其叶片厚度、角质层厚度、海绵组织占比以及栅海比在不同光强下产生了显著变化,而‘红帝’和‘优雅’除角质层厚度发生显著变化外其余指标均未发生显著变化;3种卷瓣凤梨叶气孔密度在不同光照处理下均几乎没有发生变化,且‘红帝’和‘优雅’的叶气孔密度较为接近并均显著高于‘格拉齐’,表明不同种类的卷瓣凤梨在叶解剖结构上存在遗传上的差异,且性状较为稳定。(3)环境光强对3种卷瓣凤梨叶片光合色素含量的影响显著,且不同种类卷瓣凤梨对光强变化的响应存在差异,在全光照(CK)和40%光照(S₄₀)处理下3种卷瓣凤梨的Chl_a/Chl_b在2.73～3.03之间,接近阳生叶的特征,而在10%光照(S₁₀) 处理下Chl_a/Chl_b均下降,其中‘格拉齐’最低为2.53,接近阴生叶的比值。研究发现, 3种卷瓣凤梨对于强光的耐受性表现为帝王卷瓣凤梨(红叶型)＞‘优雅’卷瓣凤梨＞卷瓣凤梨格拉齐,对于弱光环境的表现则相反;帝王卷瓣凤梨(红叶型)和‘优雅’卷瓣凤梨适合室外光线较好处或半阴环境;格拉齐卷瓣凤梨则适合于室外林荫处,夏季应尽量避免强光直射,且该种较适应展览温室的弱光环境。     

马蔺花器官表型特征及色素分析

为分析马蔺（Iris lactea var. chinensis）种质花器官表型性状，明确马蔺花瓣的色素成分，以中国6个省市不同生境条件下22份马蔺种质资源为试验材料，对花冠这一重要观赏部位的表型特征及花色素进行系统研究。采用RHSCC比色和色差仪测色方法描述了马蔺种质花器官表型性状，并通过亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝显色法和pH示差法等方法测定了马蔺花色素质量分数，分析不同色系马蔺花色素表达差异。结果表明：22份马蔺种质花瓣花色可分为浅蓝色、浅蓝紫色、深蓝紫色和紫罗兰色4大色系，垂瓣和旗瓣明度（L*）与a*呈负相关，与b*呈正相关，与彩度（c*）呈负相关。不同色系马蔺花器官表型特征不同，4大色系中紫罗兰色花瓣最大、花葶最高、垂瓣花斑最小，浅蓝色花瓣最小、花葶最低、垂瓣花斑最大，说明花瓣颜色越深，花瓣越大，垂瓣花斑则越小；不同色系马蔺花瓣中色素质量分数差异显著，浅蓝色花瓣中类胡萝卜素质量分数显著高于紫罗兰色，而紫罗兰色花瓣中的类黄酮质量分数和花色苷质量分数显著高于浅蓝色。随花瓣颜色加深，类胡萝卜素质量分数降低，类黄酮和花色苷质量分数相应增加。相关性分析表明，类胡萝卜素质量分数与垂旗瓣L*均呈显著正...     

基于极端混合池（BSA）全基因组重测序的羽衣甘蓝白色叶基因定位

筛选羽衣甘蓝白色叶形成相关的关键基因和位点以及心叶颜色性状的遗传规律，以羽衣甘蓝红叶亲本WR、白叶亲本WB及其构建的F2分离群体为试验材料，从F2群体中挑选红叶和白叶植株各20株，分别构建2个DNA混合池，对子代混合池和亲本分别开展50×和20×覆盖深度的全基因组重测序，定位白叶性状关联区间，并根据基因注释信息预测候选基因。结果表明，重测序获得3 987 718个单核酸多态性（SNP）标记，获得位于第2、3和9染色体的8个显著关联区间，根据基因注释和功能分析，筛选到8个候选基因（Bol030253、Bol029431、Bol012077、Bol007709、Bol030318、Bol030235、Bol030286和Bol005195）。将8个基因确定为羽衣甘蓝白叶的候选基因，可能在羽衣甘蓝叶片颜色形成过程中起着重要作用。     

猕猴桃观花品种‘江山娇’与中华猕猴桃回交后代的性别分离与开花性状变异

以猕猴桃种间杂种品种‘江山娇’（Actinidia chinensis Planch×A.eriantha Benth）与中华猕猴桃（A.chinensis Planch）雄株杂交得到的杂交后代群体为实验材料,于2012、2013和2016年分别对该群体的雌雄性别比及其开花性状进行了调查。结果表明,杂交群体的雌雄性别比例小于1：1,即雄株偏多。杂交后代的花瓣颜色以红色为基础,但红色的分布区域、深浅及类型出现明显分离。聚类分析显示,这些杂交后代可通过花瓣CMYK色卡取值分为4个类群,其中猩红色与紫罗兰红色2个变异类型与观察表型完全一致。杂交后代群体的始花期、开花天数、花朵大小、开花量及单花花瓣数等性状均出现广泛分离,且因不同年份而出现变化。群体中杂交个体进入始花期的平均时间跨度为14 d,群体的始花期进入高峰时个体平均比例仅占群体的25.5%。2016年群体开花时间最长,最多有47.4%的个体开放10~13 d;2013年杂交群体的开放时间最短,有55.2%的后代开花3~5 d。本研究筛选出一批花瓣数多、花朵较大或单花序花朵较多的优良单株,并在后代群体中共发现21个含不同花数的花序组合类型。     

丽格海棠花青素苷成分及分布对花色的影响

以红色、红心白边、粉红、玫红、黄色、黄心红边、浅粉和白色8种花色丽的格海棠花瓣为试验材料,采用目视测色法、RHSCC比色法和色差仪测定花瓣表型,通过组织切片法观察花瓣色素细胞的显微结构和分布特点,采用双光束紫外-可见光分光光度计和高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子化-质谱连用技术(HPLC-ESI-MS)测定分析花瓣中花青素苷的成分和含量,为探讨丽格海棠花色的呈色机理和花色育种提供参考。结果显示:(1)丽格海棠的明度L*随花瓣颜色变深而降低,红度a*则表现出相反趋势,红度(a*)和彩度(C*)值与明度(L*)呈显著负相关关系,且a*和C*是影响L*的主要因素。(2)红花品种花瓣色素主要分布于上表皮细胞和海绵组织中;红白花品种花瓣色素主要分布于上下表皮中,且下表皮积累量更多;粉色花和玫红花品种花瓣色素主要分布于上下表皮细胞;黄红花和粉白色花品种花瓣上表皮中含有少量色素,而黄花和白花品种花瓣几乎没有色素积累。各花色丽格海棠花瓣上表皮细胞均为圆锥形,且红花和红白花品种锥形化程度最高,它们花瓣下表皮细胞均呈扁平的长方形。(3)8个丽格海棠品种花瓣中共检测出15种花青素苷,其中10种为芍药素苷,3种为矢车菊素苷,1种为锦葵素苷,1种为飞燕草素苷,酰化花青素苷占多数;红花品种花瓣中总花青素苷含量最高,玫红花品种次之,黄花和白花品种中未检出;除粉红花品种外,其余含花青素苷的品种中芍药素苷含量最高,均占总花青素苷含量的50%以上,是花瓣的主要呈色物质。(4)丽格海棠花瓣中总花青素苷含量与其红度(a*)、彩度(C*)值呈正相关关系、与其L*值呈负相关关系。研究表明,花青素苷的积累有利于丽格海棠花瓣红色化,并影响其花瓣彩度(C*)及明度(L*);色素分布细胞数量和上表皮细胞锥形化明显影响花瓣呈色,且花瓣主要的呈色物质为芍药素苷,酰基化修饰可能影响其明度。     

设施黄瓜育成品种果实外观品质的遗传多样性分析

对我国新育成的不同生态类型的138个设施黄瓜品种的19个果实外观性状进行了调查分析,研究其遗传多样性。结果表明,参试品种质量性状的遗传多样性指数都小于数量性状,不同生态类型黄瓜品种果实外观性状的遗传多样性指数为华北型(1.33)>华南型(1.25)>欧洲温室型(1.0)。质量性状的遗传多样性指数为华南型(0.91)>华北型(0.65)>欧洲温室型(0.48);数量性状的遗传多样性指数为华北型(1.94)>华南型(1.56)>欧洲温室型(1.47)。华南型品种果实数量性状的变异系数均高于华北型和欧洲温室型品种。主坐标轴分析(PCO)将所有种质划分为3个区组,即1区为华北型种质优势区、2区为华北型华南型和欧洲温室型种质混合分布区、3区为华南型种质区。PCO结果表明,1区和2区发生了基因渗透。对交流区域中华北型品种自交分离,后代中出现的稀刺瘤和光皮种质的情况进一步验证了基因渗透的结果。参照育成品种的果实性状信息对黄瓜以后的育种工作提出了建议。     

紧穗野生稻（O．eichingeriA．Peter）控制红色果皮基因的定位

将绿色果皮的紧穗野生稻与白色果皮的栽培稻(Oryza sativa L.)中花九号杂交,在以中花九号为轮回亲本的回交后代中分离出具有红色果皮的种子,自交后获得BC4F3分离群体,经卡平方测验,红、白子粒单株比例符合3∶1分离比例,初步确定该红色果皮性状来自于紧穗野生稻的单片段代换系且受一对显性基因控制.利用123对SSR引物对其中1个分离群体的115个隐性单株进行基因定位,将该基因初步定位于第7染色体短臂上的RM1253和RM8262标记之间,其遗传距离分别是2.61cM和3.48cM,初步命名为Rf.     

重瓣紫蓝大岩桐组培苗的花同源异型现象（简报）

Six types of floral homeotic variants of in vitro seedlings were observed in doubleflower sinningia. Type I, red and green mosaic petals exist in the outermost whorl of petal-whorls, 2.38%. Type II, the outermost whorl of petal-whorls exhibit green petals with thin yellow edge, 25.0%. Type III, green petals exist in the innermost side of normal red petal whorls, 1.78%. Type IV, multiple whorls of green petals exist in the inner side of normal sepals, no stamen and carpel, 1.67%. Type V, it exhibits duplicated whorls of sepals in the outermost, 7.14%. Type VI, it exists multiple whorls of green sepals, no petal, stamen and carpel, 0.12%. The total percentage of all types of floral homeotic variants is up to 38.1%. The distribution of nodal site of homeotic flowers were analyzed, and the results showed that the homeotic flower occurred mainly at the fourth and fifth nodes.     

NORMAL FLORAL ONTOGENY AND COOL TEMPERATURE-INDUCED ABERRANT FLORAL DEVELOPMENT IN GLYCINE MAX (FABACEAE)

Floral onset in soybean (Glycine max cv. Ransom) is characterized by precocious initiation of axillary meristems in the axils of the most recently initiated leaf primordium. During floral transition, leaf morphology changes from trifoliolate leaf with stipules, to a three-lobed bract, to an unlobed bract. Soybean flowers initiated at 26/22 C day/night temperatures are normal, papilionaceous, and pentamerous. Sepal, petal, and stamen whorls are initiated unidirectionally from the abaxial to adaxial side of the floral apex. The median sepal is located abaxially and the median petal adaxially on the meristem. The organogeny of ‘Ransom’ flowers was found to be: sepals, petals, outer stamens plus carpel, inner stamens; or, sepals, petals, carpel, outer stamens, inner stamens. The outer stamen whorl and the carpel show possible overlap in time of initiation. Equalization of organ size occurs only within the stamen whorls. The sepals retain distinction in size, and the petals exhibit an inverse size to age relationship. The keel petals postgenitally fuse along part of their abaxial margins; their bases, however, remain free. Soybean flowers initiated at cool day/night temperatures of 18/14 C exhibited abnormalities and intermediate organs in all whorls. The gynoecium consisted of one to ten carpels (usually three or four), and carpel connation varied. Fusion of keel petals was often lacking, and stamen filaments fused erratically. Multiple carpellate flowers developed into multiple pods that were separate or variously connate. Intermediate type organs had characteristics only of organs in adjacent whorls. These aberrant flowers demonstrate that the floral meristem of soybean is not fixed or limited in its developmental capabilities and that it has the potential to produce alternate morphological patterns.     

Continuous petal variation in Epimedium tianmenshanense (Berberidaceae), a taxon endemic to western Hunan,China

In the protologue, Epimedium tianmenshanense (Berberidaceae), a species endemic to western Hunan, China, was described as ‘flower small, 0.2–0.4 cm diam., inner sepals white, petals as long as inner sepals or a little shorter than the latter, spur very short, ca 5.0 mm’. However, both morphological characteristics and molecular evidence suggest that E. tianmenshanense is closely related to E. baojingense, a taxon with a long spur, thus suggesting that the size of the floral parts is not as reliable as previously believed. When investigating the variability of E. tianmenshanense in more detail, in the field as well as in cultivation, we found that the petals were are highly variable in morphology (both shape and size), being cucullate, subulate, short to long spurred, and with various transitions. The flowers size varied from small to large accordingly. The flowers with cucullate and subulate petals, which were a little shorter than the inner sepals or almost as long as the latter, were small (about 0.8 cm in diameter). The flowers with long spurs, which were much longer than the inner sepals, were also large (about 2.5–3.5 cm in diameter). Finally, the flowers with short spurs, which were a little longer than the inner sepals, were medium-sized (about 1.0–1.2 cm in diameter). In addition, the color of inner sepals was revised from ‘white, occasionally light mulberry-purple’ to yellowish green or yellowish white. Epimedium tianmenshanense is a perfect example of natural petal evolution, which could be used for further taxonomic and evolutionary studies. The reason for the variation and the taxonomic treatment of the species still need further study.     

Relationship between the flavonoid composition and flower colour variation in Victoria

• Victoria (Nymphaeaceae), an annual or perennial aquatic plant genus, contains only two species: V. amazonica (Poepp.) J. C. Sowerby and V. cruziana A. D. Orb. Both species have large floating leaves and variable flower colour. Both Victoria species are night bloomers, which have white petals on the first blooming night that then turn pink or ruby red on the second blooming day. The mechanism of the colour change of Victoria petals during anthesis is still unclear.
• In this study, flavonoids in Victoria petals of both species were evaluated and quantified by high‐performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC‐DAD) and by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) for the first time.
• In total, 14 flavonoids were detected in Victoria petals, including 4 anthocyanins and 10 flavonols. The flavonoid compositions differed across the two species, resulting in different colours between the inner and outer petals. With increased anthocyanin content across blooming days, the colour of Victoria flowers changed over time.
• The results of this study will improve understanding of the chemical mechanism of colour formation and lay the foundation for selective colour breeding in Victoria.

     

麻栗坡长叶兰,中国云南兰科一新杂种

报道了产自云南麻栗坡的兰科兰属一新杂种——麻栗坡长叶兰(Cymbidium×malipoense L.J.Chen,H.B.Zhou&Z.J.Liu),对该种的形态特征进行了描述。该种可能是长叶兰(Cymbidium erythraeum Lindl.)与龙州兰(C.eburneum var.longzhouense Z.J.Liu et S.C.Chen)的天然杂交种。本种与长叶兰的区别是:本种的花葶自叶腋发出;萼片和花瓣浅黄绿色,具浅紫红色的纵条纹和斑点;唇盘具黄色褶片;蕊柱浅紫红色;中裂片卵状肾形。长叶兰的萼片和花瓣绿色,有红褐色脉纹和不规则斑点;中裂片心形到剑形;唇盘密被毛。本种与龙州兰的区别是:本种萼片和花瓣浅黄绿色,具浅紫红色的纵条纹和斑点;侧裂片有紫红色条纹;蕊柱浅紫红色。龙州兰萼片和花瓣白色,外表面略带粉红色;唇瓣白色,侧裂片和中裂片具有紫红色斑点。     

Impatiens angulata (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China

Impatiens angulata S. X. Yu, Y. L. Chen et H. N. Qin sp. nova (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. This species is close to I. hainanensis in morphological characters . Both have succulent stems, 4 lateral sepal connected upper lobes of lateral united petals, but are distinguished by the base of stems with 6–9 ridges, leaves oblong or oblanceolate, the outer lateral sepals with 9 veins, inner lateral sepals ovate and dorsal sepal with deep bilobate spur.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Nicotiana glauca</Emphasis> engineered for the production of ketocarotenoids in flowers and leaves by expressing the cyanobacterial <Emphasis Type="Italic">crtO</Emphasis> ketolase gene

Nicotiana glauca is a tobacco species that forms flowers with carotenoid-pigmented petals, sepals, pistil, ovary and nectary tissue. The carotenoids produced are lutein, ss-carotene as well as some violaxanthin and antheraxanthin. This tobacco species was genetically modified for ketocarotenoid biosynthesis by transformation with a cyanobacterial crtO ketolase gene under the 35S CaMV promoter. In the transformants, ketocarotenoids were detected in both leaves and flowers. Although astaxanthin was not detected other ketocarotenoids such as 4'-ketolutein, echinenone, 3'-hydroxyechinenone and 4-ketozeaxanthin were present. Accumulation of ketocarotenoids in leaves decreased their photosynthetic efficiency moderately. Under the green house conditions used no impairment of growth and development compared to the wild type was observed. In the crtO-transformants, an unexpected up-regulation of total carotenoid biosynthesis in leaves and especially in flower petals was observed. This led to a total ketocarotenoid concentration in leaves of 136.6 (young) or 156.1 (older) mug/g dry weight and in petals of 165 mug/g dry weight. In our engineered plants, the ketocarotenoid pathway is one step short of astaxanthin. Strategies are discussed to improve N. glauca flowers as a biological system for astaxanthin.     

Contribution of sepals and gibberellin treatments to growth and development of rose (Rosa hybrida) flowers

The fresh weight of sepals during the development of the rose flowerbuds from 4 mm to 22 mm in diameter increased fromabout 30 mg to ca. 350 mg. However, due to a morerapid gain in the total fresh weight of the flower, the sepal fresh weight as aproportion of the total weight of the buds decreased from about 55% to only 8%at the end of the measurement period. The net photosynthesis of sepals,measuredclose to the flower harvest, was approximately 60% of that in the youngest,uppermost leaves whereas no photosynthesis occured in the petals. Theconcentration of sucrose in petals of almost fully developed, desepalledflowerswas 15% lower in comparison with the control flowers with intact sepals. On theother hand, the concentration of sucrose in petals of control and desepalledflowers that were kept for 10 days in complete darkness was equal, reachingabout 50% of the concentration in petals of flowers grown in the light.Periodicmeasurements of reducing sugars in the petals did not show differences in theirconcentration between the control and desepalled flowers during the first 8daysafter sepal removal. After an additional four days the concentration ofreducingsugars in petals of the desepalled flowers was only 50% in comparison to thatinpetals of control flowers. Excising the sepals reduced fresh and dry weights,aswell as the length of buds and the peduncles, indicating that sepals may be asource of gibberellins during flower development. Treatment with50mg GA₃ in lanolin paste, completely restored thelength of the peduncles, but only partially restored the other measuredparameters of the flowers. Formation of 'star-shape' abnormality indesepalled flowers, which is a common phenomenon in rose flowers exposed toexternal ethylene was completelly prevented by applying GA₃ afterthesepals were excisied. This supported the previously suggested hypothesis aboutthe flinction of gibberellins in reducing the sensitivity of rose flower organsto ethylene.     

大戟科麻疯树属三种植物花器官发生

利用扫描电子显微镜观察了大戟科Euphorbiaceae麻疯树属Jatropha麻疯树J. curcas L.、佛肚树J. podagrica Hook.和棉叶麻疯树J. gossypifolia L.花器官发生。结果表明: 麻疯树、佛肚树和棉叶麻疯树花萼原基均为2/5型螺旋发生。在同一个种不同的花蕾中, 花萼的发生有两种顺序: 逆时针方向和顺时针方向。远轴面非正中位的1枚先发生。5枚花瓣原基几乎同时发生。雄花中雄蕊两轮, 外轮对瓣, 内轮对萼。研究的3种麻疯树属植物雄蕊发生方式有两种类型: 麻疯树亚属麻疯树的5枚外轮雄蕊先同时发生, 5枚内轮雄蕊后同时发生, 佛肚树亚属佛肚树和棉叶麻疯树雄蕊8-9枚, 排成两轮, 内外轮雄蕊同时发生。雌花的3枚心皮原基为同时发生。麻疯树属单性花, 雌花的子房膨大而雄蕊退化, 雄花的雄蕊正常发育, 子房缺失。根据雄蕊发生方式, 支持将麻疯树属分为麻疯树亚属subgen. Jatropha和佛肚树亚属subgen. Curcas。